本文選題：窗戶 + 墻壁�。� 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著通信技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展和手機(jī)的大量普及,興建了大量移動(dòng)通信基站,加大了環(huán)境中電磁輻射暴露水平,人們對(duì)此產(chǎn)生了廣泛的擔(dān)憂。大多時(shí)間人們都呆在室內(nèi),因此精確預(yù)測(cè)基站周邊室內(nèi)環(huán)境中的電磁輻射強(qiáng)度具有很大意義。然而目前的室內(nèi)輻射預(yù)測(cè)方法僅僅只是考慮建筑物損耗,并把建筑損耗當(dāng)做固定值來(lái)處理。在實(shí)際情況中,房子一般都有窗戶,由于窗戶的存在,會(huì)導(dǎo)致室內(nèi)的電磁輻射分布發(fā)生巨大變化,靠近窗戶的地方其輻射肯定比遠(yuǎn)離窗戶的地方要大,另外電磁場(chǎng)在穿過(guò)墻壁時(shí)還會(huì)發(fā)生折射和反射,建筑物墻壁材質(zhì)不同會(huì)導(dǎo)致室內(nèi)電磁輻射強(qiáng)度有很大的差異,當(dāng)前的預(yù)測(cè)模型很難對(duì)室內(nèi)電磁輻射分布進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)。針對(duì)目前存在的問(wèn)題,本文主要內(nèi)容及創(chuàng)新工作如下:(1)對(duì)于建筑物窗戶面向通信基站場(chǎng)景,本論文提出了一種基于基爾霍夫衍射模型來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)室內(nèi)電磁輻射分布的方法。該方法首先通過(guò)弗林斯傳輸公式并結(jié)合基站的發(fā)射功率、增益、距離等信息,計(jì)算室外基站輻射傳播到建筑物窗戶面上某點(diǎn)位電場(chǎng)的幅度,然后把基站發(fā)射天線作為初始相位的參考點(diǎn),通過(guò)發(fā)散球面波的表達(dá)式,計(jì)算出窗戶面上相應(yīng)點(diǎn)位電場(chǎng)的相位,接著將窗戶看做一個(gè)衍射孔徑,采用基爾霍夫衍射模型,預(yù)測(cè)室內(nèi)任一位置的電磁輻射強(qiáng)度,最后將本文的預(yù)測(cè)值與實(shí)際測(cè)量值以及原有的模型相比較。從評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表可以看到本文提出的預(yù)測(cè)方法在離窗戶2米時(shí)的偏差、精度和相關(guān)性分別為0.0138、1.09、0.933,而M Yang的方法只有0.049、0.088、0.661,說(shuō)明了本文提出的室內(nèi)預(yù)測(cè)方法預(yù)測(cè)效果相比M Yang的方法有了較大的提高。(2)對(duì)于建筑物墻壁面向通信基站場(chǎng)景,本論文提出了一種基于穿透理論模型來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)室內(nèi)電磁輻射分布的方法。該方法首先計(jì)算出室外基站輻射傳播到建筑墻外的電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度值,再根據(jù)建筑物與基站的位置信息、建筑的墻壁材質(zhì)計(jì)算出基站與墻壁的入射角、特征阻抗、傳輸系數(shù)等相關(guān)參數(shù),最后采用穿透理論模型,預(yù)測(cè)出室內(nèi)的電磁輻射分布情況,并將測(cè)量結(jié)果與預(yù)測(cè)值以及原有的模型進(jìn)行比較。從評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表可以看到本文提出的預(yù)測(cè)方法在2s方向上的偏差、精度和相關(guān)性分別為-0.008、0.0061、0.94,而HP Neitzke的方法只有-0.023、-0.022、-0.83,說(shuō)明了本文提出的預(yù)測(cè)方法能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)更加精確的輻射預(yù)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of communication technology and the popularity of mobile phones, a large number of mobile communication base stations have been built, increasing the level of electromagnetic radiation exposure in the environment.Most of the time people stay indoors, so it is of great significance to accurately predict the electromagnetic radiation intensity in the indoor environment around the base station.However, the present indoor radiation prediction method only considers the building loss and treats the building loss as a fixed value.In reality, houses usually have windows, and because of the presence of windows, the distribution of electromagnetic radiation inside the room changes dramatically, and the radiation is definitely greater near the window than in the place far away from the window.In addition, the electromagnetic field refraction and reflection will occur when passing through the wall, and the different materials of the building wall will lead to great differences in the intensity of indoor electromagnetic radiation. The current prediction model is difficult to accurately predict the distribution of indoor electromagnetic radiation.Aiming at the existing problems, the main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: 1) for the scene of building windows facing communication base station, this paper proposes a method based on Kirchhoff diffraction model to predict the distribution of indoor electromagnetic radiation.The method first calculates the amplitude of the radiation propagation of the outdoor base station to a certain point electric field on the window surface of the building through the Frings' transmission formula and the information of the base station's transmitting power, gain, distance, etc.Then the base station transmitting antenna is taken as the reference point of the initial phase, and the phase of the corresponding electric field on the window surface is calculated by the expression of divergent spherical wave. Then the window is regarded as a diffraction aperture, and the Kirchhoff diffraction model is used.The electromagnetic radiation intensity of any position in the room is predicted. Finally, the predicted value is compared with the actual measurement value and the original model.From the evaluation results table, we can see the deviation of the prediction method proposed in this paper when it is 2 meters from the window.The accuracy and correlation are 0.01381.09 / 0.933, respectively, while the M Yang's method is only 0.049-0.08880.661. it shows that the prediction effect of the indoor prediction method proposed in this paper is much higher than that of M Yang's) for building wall facing communication base station scene.In this paper, a penetrating theory model is proposed to predict the electromagnetic radiation distribution in the room.Based on the position information of the building and the base station, the incident angle and the characteristic impedance of the base station and the wall are calculated according to the location information of the building and the base station.Finally, the transmission coefficient and other related parameters are used to predict the electromagnetic radiation distribution in the room, and the measured results are compared with the predicted values and the original model.From the evaluation result table, we can see the deviation of the prediction method in the direction of 2s, the accuracy and the correlation are -0.008 ~ 0.0061n ~ (0.94), respectively, while the HP Neitzke's method is only -0.023 ~ (-0.022) ~ (-0.83), which shows that the prediction method proposed in this paper can achieve more accurate radiation prediction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：1745909