本文選題：空間激光通信　切入點：光學(xué)相控陣　出處：《長春理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前自由空間光通信系統(tǒng)采用的光源多為1.55μm半導(dǎo)體激光器,經(jīng)摻鉺光纖放大器后發(fā)射功率最高5W左右,限制了空間傳輸距離,激光發(fā)射角不可調(diào),依靠機械式跟瞄系統(tǒng)。激光相控陣作為一種新興的相干合成技術(shù),采用陣列結(jié)構(gòu)可以增加輸出光的能量,控制合成光相位可以實現(xiàn)發(fā)射光束角度掃描,提高了動態(tài)目標捕獲速度。激光相控陣應(yīng)用于空間激光通信系統(tǒng),可以大大改善系統(tǒng)性能,實現(xiàn)超遠距離高速傳輸、快速捕獲跟蹤,成為最有前景的激光通信技術(shù),具有重要的研究意義。本文首先介紹了相控陣以及空間光通信的研究進展,然后講述了相控陣的基本原理和通信的相關(guān)知識。主要介紹了通信系統(tǒng)的組成,包括光發(fā)射機、光接收機、光學(xué)天線和跟瞄系統(tǒng),光發(fā)射機由種子源和調(diào)制器組成,將待傳輸?shù)男盘柾ㄟ^調(diào)制器加載到種子源發(fā)出的光載波上,經(jīng)過光學(xué)天線發(fā)射到大氣信道中。光接收機由光探測器和信號處理設(shè)備組成。對系統(tǒng)中的調(diào)制器、探測器和光學(xué)天線的工作原理進行了研究,并且設(shè)計了基本的1.06μm空間激光通信系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)了高速通信,調(diào)制速率最高為10Gb/s,調(diào)制方式為強度調(diào)制,空間傳輸距離為2m。研究了以光纖激光相控陣作為種子源的空間激光通信系統(tǒng),設(shè)計了相控陣空間通信系統(tǒng),采用強度調(diào)制,調(diào)制速率分別為53Mb/s、120Mb/s、155Mb/s,傳輸距離為2m,通過實驗驗證了相控陣空間激光通信的可信性。進行了相控陣種子源和單路調(diào)制實驗,對比在種子源處調(diào)制和在相控陣多條支路中的一路調(diào)制兩種方式,根據(jù)得到的波形圖和眼圖分析,得出在相控陣種子源處調(diào)制是比較合適的調(diào)制方式。設(shè)計了相控陣多載波調(diào)制實驗,在相控陣多支路中的兩路同時增加強度調(diào)制,經(jīng)過相位控制后,在接收端得到明顯的頻譜圖,最小頻率差為0.08MHz,最大頻差為20MHz,說明了相控陣能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)多載波調(diào)制,證明了相控陣在空間通信中的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:At present, 1.55 渭 m semiconductor lasers are mostly used in free-space optical communication systems. The maximum power of transmission is about 5W after erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, which limits the distance of space transmission, and the laser emission angle is not adjustable. It relies on mechanical tracking and pointing system.As a new coherent combination technique, laser phased array can increase the energy of output light by using array structure, and control the phase of composite light to realize angle scanning of emitting beam and improve the acquisition speed of dynamic target.The application of laser phased array in space laser communication system can greatly improve the performance of the system, achieve ultra-long distance and high-speed transmission, fast acquisition and tracking, and become the most promising laser communication technology, which has important research significance.This paper first introduces the research progress of phased array and space optical communication, then describes the basic principle of phased array and related knowledge of communication.This paper mainly introduces the composition of communication system, including optical transmitter, optical receiver, optical antenna and tracking system. The optical transmitter is composed of seed source and modulator. The signal to be transmitted is loaded into the optical carrier from seed source through modulator.It is transmitted through an optical antenna into the atmospheric channel.The optical receiver consists of a photodetector and a signal processing device.The principle of modulator, detector and optical antenna in the system is studied, and the basic 1.06 渭 m space laser communication system is designed. The high speed communication is realized, the modulation rate is up to 10 GB / s, and the modulation mode is intensity modulation.The space transmission distance is 2 m.The space laser communication system with fiber laser phased array as seed source is studied. The space communication system of phased array is designed and the intensity modulation is adopted.The modulation rate is 53 Mb / s and the transmission distance is 2 m. The credibility of phased array space laser communication is verified by experiments.The experiments of seed source and single channel modulation of phased array are carried out. The modulation at seed source is compared with that in multiple branches of phased array. According to the obtained waveform and eye diagram,It is concluded that modulation at the seed source of phased array is a more suitable modulation method.The experiment of multi-carrier modulation of phased array is designed. The intensity modulation is increased simultaneously in two channels of multi-branch of phased array. After phase control, the obvious spectrum is obtained at the receiving end.The minimum frequency difference is 0.08 MHz and the maximum frequency difference is 20 MHz, which shows that the phased array can realize multicarrier modulation and proves the application prospect of phased array in space communication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長春理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN929.1

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