基于送達(dá)率約束的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)低時延拓?fù)淇刂扑惴ㄑ芯亢蛯崿F(xiàn)
發(fā)布時間：2018-03-30 13:01
本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) 切入點：拓?fù)淇刂?/strong> 出處：《南京郵電大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文
【摘要】：傳感器節(jié)點通過電池提供有限的能量,所以一般的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的首要目標(biāo)是最大化網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期。但是由于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是應(yīng)用相關(guān)的網(wǎng)絡(luò),不同的應(yīng)用場景對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能需求各不相同。例如,本文針對地震火災(zāi)的搜救這樣的特殊應(yīng)用場景,最大化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生命周期就不應(yīng)該作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)的首要性能目標(biāo),因為超過一定的時間就失去了搜救的意義,相對而言,在有效的搜救期內(nèi)保證數(shù)據(jù)包傳送的高送達(dá)率和低時延成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)的首要目標(biāo)。拓?fù)淇刂谱鳛闊o線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究的核心支撐技術(shù)之一,不僅能夠提高路由協(xié)議和MAC協(xié)議的效率,還為數(shù)據(jù)融合,時間同步和目標(biāo)定位等提供基礎(chǔ),所以良好的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)可以有效的優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能。為了實現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的高送達(dá)率低時延的性能目標(biāo),提出了一種基于送達(dá)率約束的低時延拓?fù)淇刂扑惴?LDBDC)。該算法可以根據(jù)給定的送達(dá)率約束計算給定區(qū)域的近似最優(yōu)平均跳數(shù),從而得到虛擬正六邊形網(wǎng)格的邊長,然后把監(jiān)測區(qū)域網(wǎng)格化并分層,每個網(wǎng)格為一簇根據(jù)所提的簇頭選舉算法選舉出簇頭,簇頭根據(jù)路由算法負(fù)責(zé)把數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給相鄰的內(nèi)層單元格。仿真實驗表明,LDBDC能夠獲得近似最優(yōu)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),使得在滿足送達(dá)率約束的前提下網(wǎng)絡(luò)的平均時延最小。在本文的最后,首先基于硬件節(jié)點實現(xiàn)了一個簡單的基于ZigBee技術(shù)的多跳通訊系統(tǒng),然后在這個多跳通訊系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,實現(xiàn)了LDBDC算法的軟件演示系統(tǒng)。這個軟件演示系統(tǒng)可以根據(jù)不同的參數(shù)的設(shè)置來計算近似最優(yōu)的虛擬正六邊形邊長,并可以顯示監(jiān)測區(qū)域網(wǎng)格化圖和節(jié)點均勻分布圖,最后顯示LDBDC算法形成的動態(tài)拓?fù)鋱D并且可以計算出當(dāng)前時刻的網(wǎng)絡(luò)平均送達(dá)率和時延。
[Abstract]:Sensor nodes provide limited energy through batteries, so the primary goal of a general wireless sensor network is to maximize the lifetime of the network. But since wireless sensor networks are application-related networks, Different application scenarios have different requirements for network performance. For example, in this paper, for special applications such as search and rescue of earthquake and fire, maximizing the network life cycle should not be the primary performance goal of the network. Because after a certain period of time, it lost the meaning of the search and rescue, relatively speaking, In the effective search and rescue period, it is the primary target of the network to ensure the high delivery rate and low delay of data packet transmission. As one of the core supporting technologies of wireless sensor networks, topology control can not only improve the efficiency of routing protocol and MAC protocol, but also improve the efficiency of routing protocol and MAC protocol. It also provides the basis for data fusion, time synchronization and target location, so a good topology can effectively optimize the performance of the network. In this paper, a low delay topology control algorithm based on service rate constraint is proposed. The algorithm can calculate the approximate optimal average hops of a given region according to the given service rate constraints, and thus obtain the edge length of the virtual hexagonal mesh. Then the monitoring area is gridded and layered, each grid is selected as a cluster according to the proposed cluster head election algorithm. The cluster head is responsible for forwarding the data to the adjacent inner cell according to the routing algorithm. The simulation results show that the LDBDC can obtain the approximate optimal topology structure and minimize the average delay of the network under the premise of satisfying the delivery rate constraint. At the end of this paper, Firstly, a simple multi-hop communication system based on ZigBee technology is implemented based on the hardware node, and then based on this multi-hop communication system, The software demonstration system of LDBDC algorithm is implemented. The software demonstration system can calculate the approximate optimal virtual hexagonal side length according to different parameters, and can display the grid map of monitoring area and the uniform distribution map of nodes. Finally, the dynamic topology diagram formed by the LDBDC algorithm is shown and the average service rate and delay at the current time can be calculated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN929.5;TP212.9
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