本文選題：隱寫術(shù)　切入點(diǎn)：混沌　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)和信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展,全球信息化加速,國家政治經(jīng)濟(jì)等信息也逐步數(shù)字化,各個(gè)國家在能源、交通、金融、商業(yè)和軍事等方面都依賴信息網(wǎng)絡(luò),更加容易遭受安全威脅,隱密通信研究在軍事保護(hù)和國家安全方面具有重要意義。VoIP作為一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體中的實(shí)時(shí)服務(wù),它能通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供低成本、高可靠性和全球IP服務(wù),已經(jīng)成為許多商業(yè)的主要媒體流通信工具。隨著VoIP的使用越來越廣,VoIP語音流的通信量在網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)通信量中的比例日益增加,同時(shí)VoIP的實(shí)時(shí)性避免了在線檢測和線下分析的可能,而且它涉及到網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信各個(gè)工作層的多種協(xié)議,越來越多的研究者人員開始將VoIP作為一種理想信息隱藏載體進(jìn)行隱密通信的相關(guān)研究。然而這些研究工作沒有考慮現(xiàn)實(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中各種不穩(wěn)定因素,如丟包會(huì)導(dǎo)致語音包中嵌入的秘密信息的不完整性。而且,實(shí)現(xiàn)安全高效的VoIP隱密通信,需要考慮對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)性要求較高VoIP通話質(zhì)量。針對(duì)這些問題,本文充分考慮網(wǎng)絡(luò)的各種不穩(wěn)定因素如丟包和時(shí)延問題,對(duì)VoIP網(wǎng)絡(luò)流媒體的隱密通信研究所作貢獻(xiàn)如下:(1)在建立VoIP通信連接階段采用基于認(rèn)證的密鑰協(xié)商技術(shù),即在VoIP信令階段進(jìn)行密鑰交換,在不影響VoIP語音通信質(zhì)量的同時(shí)解決密鑰的分配問題,使接收端用戶能順利提取和恢復(fù)秘密信息。(2)大多數(shù)的隱寫算法都是在理想的實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境下設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,沒有考慮網(wǎng)絡(luò)擁塞導(dǎo)致的丟包等因素對(duì)隱密通信的影響,一般都是對(duì)所有秘密信息進(jìn)行整體加密預(yù)處理。但是網(wǎng)絡(luò)中不可避免的丟包問題可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致部分密文丟失,而使已經(jīng)接收到的密文解密無法正確恢復(fù)得到明文。為了解決以上問題,本文提出一種基于AES分組加密算法的VoIP隱寫方法,采用加密與嵌入同步的機(jī)制,利用AES-128加密算法的特點(diǎn),將秘密信息分塊加密,不同語音包中的秘密信息分別加密,在接收端能及時(shí)將語音包中的秘密信息提取出來,并解密為可讀的明文信息,使任何一個(gè)嵌入有秘密信息的語音包丟失,也不會(huì)影響其他語音包中秘密信息的解密。而且通過AES分組加密,在保證秘密信息的安全性同時(shí),盡可能地減少加密所耗時(shí)間,秘密信息的加密和嵌入幾乎同時(shí)進(jìn)行,從而減少時(shí)延。實(shí)驗(yàn)中分別用男聲和女聲語音作為測試樣本,并且采用高度精密的語音質(zhì)量測量儀器DSLA II對(duì)語音樣本進(jìn)行測量,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明包含有秘密信息的隱藏語音與沒有嵌入秘密信息的載體語音相比,信號(hào)幾乎沒有失真。最后還采用Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon檢驗(yàn)對(duì)該VoIP隱密系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行安全性分析,分析結(jié)果表明該隱密通信系統(tǒng)在統(tǒng)計(jì)分析上是不可檢測的。(3)提出了一個(gè)基于混沌理論的自適應(yīng)VoIP隱寫算法以實(shí)現(xiàn)VoIP隱密通信,利用VAPD函數(shù)對(duì)語音的活動(dòng)區(qū)和非活動(dòng)區(qū)進(jìn)行判斷,解決了PCM語音編解碼器中自動(dòng)識(shí)別靜音和非靜音的問題。根據(jù)語音活動(dòng)特點(diǎn)選擇合適的語音作為載體,使得嵌入秘密信息所引起的載體信號(hào)變化不容易被察覺,減少隱藏操作對(duì)語音質(zhì)量的影響,避免被攻擊者懷疑;利用Logistic混沌映射產(chǎn)生的混沌序列確定隱藏位置,使隱藏位置具有隨機(jī)性,確保秘密信息的安全性。實(shí)驗(yàn)中分別在語音活動(dòng)區(qū)和語音非活動(dòng)區(qū)隱藏信息,每組實(shí)驗(yàn)又分別測試隱寫算法對(duì)女聲和男聲語音的影響,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果說明在語音活動(dòng)區(qū)隱藏信息對(duì)語音質(zhì)量的影響比在語音非活動(dòng)區(qū)隱藏信息小。另外,在Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon安全檢測中,得到原始語音和隱藏語音的樣點(diǎn)概率分布是相同的,說明隱寫算法能夠抵抗統(tǒng)計(jì)檢測。最后,還與其他隱寫算法進(jìn)行了性能比較,結(jié)果表明該隱寫算法能達(dá)到適中的隱寫帶寬,這種設(shè)計(jì)不僅能減少丟包對(duì)秘密信息帶來的損失,還具有不可檢測性。(4)考慮VoIP通信中丟包問題,提出一個(gè)基于分形插值的丟包預(yù)測模型,并應(yīng)用在VoIP網(wǎng)絡(luò)流媒體隱密通信中,目的是減少丟包對(duì)VoIP隱密通信的影響,增加隱密通信的魯棒性。在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中,載體語音信號(hào)的選擇由丟包預(yù)測模型確定,通過丟包預(yù)測模型判斷一個(gè)語音包在特定的丟包網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下是否會(huì)被丟棄,被丟棄的語音包則不用于隱藏秘密信息。在實(shí)驗(yàn)中利用Gilbert丟包模型模擬不同丟包率的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境,實(shí)驗(yàn)分為男聲組和女聲組,每組又分別對(duì)中文和英文語音進(jìn)行測試,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明丟包預(yù)測模型的精度越高,魯棒性越強(qiáng)。然后利用Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon安全檢測驗(yàn)證了該方法具有統(tǒng)計(jì)不可檢測性分析,而且這種基于分形預(yù)測模型的VoIP隱密通信機(jī)制能應(yīng)用在其它的語音編碼器的VoIP應(yīng)用中,具有一定的普適性。
[Abstract]:With the development of network and information technology, the global information technology accelerated, national political and economic information is also gradually digitized, various countries in the energy, transportation, financial, commercial and military fields are dependent on the information network more vulnerable to security threats, secret communication is of great significance to study the.VoIP as a kind of network multimedia real-time service in the military protection and national security, it can provide a low cost and high reliability through the Internet, the global IP service has become the main media of many commercial streaming communication tools. With the use of VoIP more and more widely, the proportion of traffic flow in the VoIP voice data traffic in the network is increasing, while real-time VoIP to avoid the online detection and offline analysis, and it relates to a variety of network communication protocols of each layer, more and more researchers begin to take VoIP as On an ideal carrier for information hiding a secret communication. However, these studies did not consider the real network in all kinds of unstable factors, such as packet loss will lead to incomplete secret information embedded in the voice packet. Moreover, the realization of VoIP secret communication, and the need to consider the real-time VoIP call quality. To solve these problems, this paper considers the network all kinds of unstable factors such as packet loss and delay problems, research on secret communication on VoIP network streaming media contributions are as follows: (1) VoIP in establishing the communication connection stage using key agreement technology based on authentication, the key exchange in VoIP signaling, solve the key distribution problem the VoIP does not affect the quality of speech communication at the same time, the receiving end users can successfully extract and recover the secret information. (2) most of the steganographic algorithm is in the ideal experiment The design and implementation of environment, without considering the network congestion packet loss and other factors on the secret communication, are generally all confidential information is encrypted. But the overall packet loss problem in network inevitably may lead to some loss of the ciphertext, the received ciphertext decryption cannot recover the plaintext correctly. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a VoIP steganography method based on the AES algorithm, the encryption mechanism and embedded synchronization, using AES-128 encryption algorithm, the secret information block encryption, secret information in different voice packets are encrypted, at the receiving end to the secret information can be extracted from voice packets, and decrypt the readable plaintext, so that no one has the secret information embedded voice packet loss, decryption does not affect the other voice packets in the secret information. And through the AES encryption, in ensuring the safety and secret information, as far as possible to reduce the time consumption of the secret information encryption, encryption and embedding are almost at the same time, thereby reducing the time delay. The male and female voice were used as test samples, and the measurement of the speech sample speech quality measurement instrument DSLA II the degree of precision, the experimental results show that compared with the carrier contains secret information hiding speech voice and no secret information embedding signal, almost no distortion. Finally, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon is used to test the VoIP secret system security analysis, the analysis results show that the secret communication system is not detectable in the statistical analysis (3). Proposed a VoIP based adaptive implicit chaos theory algorithm to achieve the VoIP secret communication, using the VAPD function of the speech activity area and non active zone For judgment, to solve the PCM speech coding and automatic recognition of silence and non silence problems. According to the characteristics of speech decoder to select the appropriate speech as the carrier, the carrier signal changes caused by embedding the secret information is not easy to detect, reduce the hidden impact on voice quality, avoid being suspected attackers; chaotic sequence generated by Logistic chaotic maps identify hidden location, the hidden location is random, to ensure the security of the secret information. Experiments in speech activities and non speech activities hidden information, and in each experimental group were tested the steganography effect on female and male voice. The experimental results show that the hidden information impact on voice quality in speech activity area than in the non active region of speech information hiding. In addition, the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon safety testing, get the original voice and the voice of the kind of hidden The probability distribution is the same, that steganography algorithm can resist the statistical detection. Finally, with other steganography algorithms are compared, results show that the algorithm can achieve moderate write Cain steganographic bandwidth, this design can not only reduce the packet loss of the secret information loss, also can not be detected. (4 considering the problem of packet loss in VoIP communication), put forward a prediction model based on fractal interpolation and application of streaming media, secret communication in VoIP network, the purpose is to reduce the impact of packet loss on VoIP secret communication, increase the robustness of secret communication. In this system, the carrier of speech signal selection by the packet loss prediction model to determine. Through the packet loss prediction model to determine whether a voice packet will be discarded in packet loss environment specific, discarded voice packets are not used to hide secret information. By using the Gilbert model of packet loss in the experiment The different packet loss rate of the network environment, the experiment was divided into male group and female group, each group of Chinese and English speech test, the experimental results show that the packet loss prediction model of higher accuracy, stronger robustness. Then use Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon safety testing to verify this method with statistical imperceptibility analysis, and based on this the application of VoIP VoIP secret communication mechanism of fractal prediction model can be used in other speech coder in the universal.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN916.5;TN918

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