本文選題：H.264編解碼　切入點：NAT穿越　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今,智能移動終端手持設(shè)備在不斷地占領(lǐng)著市場,改變了人們的通訊交流方式。這個期間,視頻通信得到了快速的發(fā)展。人們已經(jīng)不滿足于發(fā)送文本和語音信息,以視頻為主的通信方式更受青睞,對視頻通信質(zhì)量的要求也在增加。所以,在低帶寬時提高視頻的通信質(zhì)量即降低傳輸?shù)拇a率還是有必要的,這也可以應(yīng)用在移動網(wǎng)絡(luò)下的視頻聊天,減少帶寬產(chǎn)生的費用。本文研究了對處在不同內(nèi)網(wǎng)中的客戶端進(jìn)行實時視頻通信的課題,詳細(xì)闡述了該系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)的可行性,以及對所涉及到的相關(guān)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了深入的研究和分析,并結(jié)合前人的工作,大膽進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新,提出新的實踐思路。在此基礎(chǔ)之上,對視頻通信系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計,主要包括音頻和視頻的采集和編解碼,NAT穿越的實現(xiàn),以及RTP實時傳輸?shù)脑O(shè)計。在視頻傳輸?shù)倪^程中,為了降低視頻傳輸過程中的碼率,本文采用目前較主流的,且穩(wěn)定性較高的H.264視頻壓縮編碼算法對視頻幀進(jìn)行壓縮,以此減少視頻幀間的冗余。對于音頻的編碼,采用編碼效率較好的AAC編碼技術(shù),對PCM原始音頻數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行壓縮,以減少傳輸?shù)膸�。由于通信的雙方處在不同的內(nèi)網(wǎng)中,不能直接進(jìn)行通信,所以需要通過服務(wù)器協(xié)助雙方建立通信連接。本文采用基于TCP的協(xié)議實現(xiàn)透傳,提高了可靠性,與基于UDP的方式相比,減少了通過服務(wù)器中轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)生的延遲。同時,為了音頻和視頻能夠?qū)崟r的到達(dá)接收端,利用RTP協(xié)議技術(shù)來實現(xiàn)對音視頻的實時傳輸和同步。在此基礎(chǔ)之上,考慮到在最近很熱的智能家居研發(fā)中,利用智能電視與遠(yuǎn)方的親友進(jìn)行視頻聊天時,背景幾乎是不變的,通信的雙方主要關(guān)注的是對方的人臉,而忽略無關(guān)的背景。所以,在這種情況下,本文通過利用人臉檢測來進(jìn)一步減少視頻的傳輸碼率,改善通信的質(zhì)量。通過對系統(tǒng)的不斷測試和完善,該系統(tǒng)可以實現(xiàn)視頻通信的功能,且在網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬較低時,通信質(zhì)量良好。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, smart mobile terminal handheld devices are constantly occupying the market, changing the way people communicate. During this period, video communication has developed rapidly. People are no longer satisfied with sending text and voice messages. Video based communication is more popular, and the requirement of video communication quality is also increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to improve video communication quality in low bandwidth, that is, to reduce the bit rate of transmission. This can also be used in the mobile network video chat, reducing the cost of bandwidth. This paper studies the subject of real-time video communication for clients in different intranets, and expounds the feasibility of the implementation of the system in detail. And the related technology involved in the in-depth research and analysis, and combined with previous work, bold innovation, put forward a new practical thinking. On the basis of this, the video communication system is designed in detail. It mainly includes the realization of audio and video acquisition and encoding and decoding, and the design of RTP real-time transmission. In the process of video transmission, in order to reduce the bit rate in the process of video transmission, this paper adopts the current mainstream, The stable H.264 video compression algorithm can reduce the redundancy between the video frames. For the audio coding, the AAC coding technology with good coding efficiency is used to compress the original PCM audio data. In order to reduce the bandwidth of transmission. Because the two sides of the communication are in different intranet, they can not communicate directly, so it is necessary to assist the two sides to establish communication connection through the server. In this paper, the protocol based on TCP is used to realize the transparent transmission, which improves the reliability. Compared with the UDP based approach, it reduces the latency generated by transferring data through the server. At the same time, in order for audio and video to reach the receiving end in real time, Using RTP protocol technology to realize the real-time transmission and synchronization of audio and video. On this basis, considering that in the recent research and development of smart home, the background is almost unchanged when using smart TV to chat with friends and relatives in the distance. The two sides of the communication are mainly concerned with the face of the other party, while ignoring the irrelevant background. Therefore, in this case, we use face detection to further reduce the transmission rate of the video. The system can realize the function of video communication by continuously testing and perfecting the system, and the communication quality is good when the network bandwidth is low.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP316;TN919.8

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