發(fā)布時間：2018-03-20 09:02

  本文選題：超寬帶　切入點：微帶天線　出處：《安徽建筑大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：無線通信系統(tǒng)的天線是發(fā)送和接收所有的無線通信信號的主要部件,隨著各種通信系統(tǒng)的不斷發(fā)展使頻譜這種資源變得非常擁擠,超寬帶天線的產生改善了頻譜擁擠的這一現(xiàn)象。超寬帶(Ultra-Wideband,UWB)天線是有良好的寬頻性能的天線,具有成本低、發(fā)射功率低、損耗低及多徑分辨能力強等優(yōu)點,所以超寬帶天線得到迅速發(fā)展。隨著超寬帶技術的發(fā)展,天線的頻帶越來越寬,但是天線的尺寸也越來越大,不利于通信系統(tǒng)的集成和數(shù)字化,所以天線的小型化是一個非常重要的研究方向。本文圍繞著天線得寬頻特性和小型化進行的,對傳輸寬頻的脈沖信號的UWB天線展開了探討與研究。首先介紹了超寬帶天線的發(fā)展歷史及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,通過查閱相關文獻,對超寬帶單極子天線的相關理論和共面波導的理論進行了分析和討論。探論了天線的性能參數(shù)和微帶天線的饋電方式之間的關系,得到了共面波導;設計并仿真了兩款UWB單極子天線,并用仿真軟件進行了仿真計算,查看它們的性能指標,結果顯示這兩個天線的帶寬都超過了7.5GHz,并且覆蓋了超寬帶要求的頻帶范圍;制作出試驗樣品,測試并驗證天線性能。本文主要完成以下幾項內容:1.設計了一款圓形單極子微帶天線,優(yōu)化改進后成為UWB天線,首先單極子天線采用微帶線饋電,相對圓輻射貼片是地面的一部分,圓形輻射貼片的對面是部分接地板,軟件仿真計算天線的頻帶沒有達到超寬帶天線的設計要求,然后采用共面波導饋電,并對饋線與接地板之間的縫隙進行優(yōu)化,仿真結果顯示天線的回波損耗頻帶覆蓋了1.1GHz~14GHz,超過了7.5GHz,達到了超寬帶天線的設計要求,對接地板的尺寸進行了優(yōu)化,最終天線的帶寬達到15.7GHz,但是天線的尺寸比較大,不利于系統(tǒng)集成。2.雖然上面設計的天線阻抗帶寬很大,但是尺寸比較大,不利于超寬帶通信系統(tǒng)的集成。為解決這個問題,改進為一個小型尺寸的矩形單極子天線,天線尺寸變小導致天線的帶寬等性能降低,難以達到超寬帶天線的設計要求。然后通過改變天線的輻射貼片的形狀來改善天線的性能,矩形貼片兩個三角形,并添加長橢圓的一半,天線的阻抗帶寬最終達到21GHz,并且在一定的頻帶范圍內天線有較好的方向性。3.制作出兩個天線試驗樣品并進行測試,測試結果顯示天線的帶寬分別37GHz和22GHz,驗證了仿真結果的準確性。論文的最后做了總結,討論了工作成果的不足之處和今后的研究方向。
[Abstract]:The antenna of the wireless communication system is to send and receive wireless communication signals of all the main components, with the continuous development of various communication systems make this spectrum resources become very crowded, the ultra wideband antenna has improved the phenomenon of spectrum congestion. Ultra wideband (Ultra-Wideband, UWB) is a broadband antenna antenna with good performance. Has the advantages of low cost, low power, has the advantages of low loss and multipath resolution capability, so ultra wideband antenna has been developed rapidly. With the development of ultra wideband technology, antenna is more and more wide, but the size of the antenna is also growing, is not conducive to the integration and digital communication system, so the miniaturization of antenna is a very important research direction. This paper focuses on the antenna miniaturization and wideband characteristics, UWB antenna for broadband pulse signal transmission are discussed and studied. First of all lies Introduces the development history and current situation of the development of ultra wideband antenna, through access to relevant literature, the ultra wideband monopole antenna theory and coplanar waveguide theory are analyzed and discussed. The relationship between the performance parameters of microstrip antenna and antenna feed means, the coplanar waveguide; two UWB monopole antenna design and simulation, and the simulation software is simulated, check their performance, the results show that the two antenna bandwidth is more than 7.5GHz, and covers the requirements of the ultra wideband frequency range; produce test samples, test and verify the performance of the antenna. This paper mainly completes the following contents 1.: the design of a circular monopole microstrip antenna, the optimized UWB become the first antenna, monopole antenna fed by microstrip line, relative to the circle radiation patch is a part of the ground round radiation patch The opposite is part of the ground, the simulation of antenna band did not meet the requirements of the design of ultra wideband antenna, then the CPW fed, and the slot on the ground between the feeder and the optimization, simulation results show that the return loss band antenna covering 1.1GHz~ 14GHz, more than 7.5GHz, meet the requirements of the design of ultra wideband antenna docking, floor size is optimized, finally the antenna bandwidth up to 15.7GHz, but the size of the antenna is relatively large, is not conducive to the integration of.2. system while the above design of the antenna impedance bandwidth is large, but the size is relatively large, is not conducive to the integration of UWB communication system. To solve this problem, the improvement for a rectangular monopole antenna small size, the size of the antenna is smaller in the bandwidth of the antenna performance is reduced, difficult to meet the requirements of the design of ultra wideband antenna. Then by changing the antenna radiation To improve the performance of the patch shape of the rectangular patch antenna, two triangles, and add a half ellipse, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna to reach 21GHz, and within a certain frequency band antenna directional.3. better to produce two antenna test samples and test, test results show that the bandwidth of the antenna and 37GHz respectively. 22GHz, to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. The paper finally summarized, discusses the shortcomings and future research work.

【學位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN821.3

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本文編號：1638391