本文選題：全向天線　切入點：圓極化　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文主要對S波段低剖面單饋寬帶全向圓極化印刷天線進行研究和設計。對于衛(wèi)星通信和無線通信而言,S波段是其最常用的頻段之一。由于全向天線較傳統(tǒng)的定向天線可以提供更大的信號覆蓋范圍,全向天線能保持車載設備或者移動終端與周圍不同方位角的目標進行實時通信。圓極化天線可以有效抑制多徑衰落和極化失配帶來的損耗,以保證信號傳輸?shù)姆�(wěn)定性。同時,由于印刷天線的低剖面、易共形、易集成和低成本等優(yōu)點,其應用前景十分廣闊。寬帶全向圓極化印刷天線將低剖面、寬頻帶、全向性和圓極化這幾個優(yōu)良的天線特性結(jié)合在一起,這將有效提高通信基站或者移動終端的空間利用率和降低其天線開發(fā)的成本。就目前情況來看,制約該類天線應用的主要問題是其阻抗帶寬和軸比帶寬過窄�？梢灶A見,低剖面寬帶全向圓極化印刷天線將在未來的無線通信領域扮演不可或缺的角色。本文首先研究了全向圓極化印刷天線的基本理論。對圓極化天線的基本概念和微帶天線分析方法進行了具體的闡述和分析。對全向圓極化天線的基本實現(xiàn)方法和圓極化印刷天線的寬頻帶技術進行了深入的理論探討。本文主要涉及了三種單饋寬帶全向圓極化印刷天線。第一種是正交雙縫隙型寬帶全向圓極化印刷天線。該天線剖面較低,且實現(xiàn)了寬帶水平全向圓極化特性。文中對該類天線的性能指標進行了闡述和分析,對該天線的敏感參數(shù)進行了相關的理論和仿真分析。最后,對該天線全向圓極化和寬頻帶的工作原理進行了深入研究。仿真結(jié)果表明,該天線在2.19GHz~2.60GHz的頻率范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)了反射系數(shù)-10d B、軸比3d B、增益1d B的特性。第二種是L型加載改進地板的寬帶全向圓極化印刷天線。該天線滿足了低剖面寬帶全向圓極化的特性。文中對該天線的敏感結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進行了仿真分析和研究,之后對該天線寬帶全向圓極化的原理進行了深入的仿真和理論分析。仿真結(jié)果表明,該天線在2.18GHz~2.62GHz的頻率范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)了俯仰角θ=200的平面內(nèi)在反射系數(shù)-10d B、軸比3d B的特性。第三種是F型加載改進地板的寬帶全向圓極化印刷天線。該天線是在第二種天線結(jié)構(gòu)上的改進,以改變該天線的全向圓極化最優(yōu)的平面的俯仰角。文中對該天線與第二種天線的性能指標進行了對比,并在理論上解釋了該天線較第二種天線具有更好的全向輻射特性的原因。最后,制作了實物并進行了測試,將仿真結(jié)果與實物測試結(jié)果進行了對比和分析。測試和仿真結(jié)果表明,該天線在2.20GHz~2.62GHz的頻率范圍內(nèi)實現(xiàn)了俯仰角θ=300的平面內(nèi)在反射系數(shù)-10d B、軸比3d B、增益3d B的特性,基本滿足了我們所提出的技術指標要求。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we mainly study and design the S band low profile wideband omnidirectional circularly polarized printed antenna. For satellite communication and wireless communication, the S band is one of the most commonly used frequency bands. To the antenna can provide a larger signal coverage, The omnidirectional antenna can keep the on-board device or mobile terminal in real-time communication with the target with different azimuth around it. The circular polarization antenna can effectively suppress the loss caused by multipath fading and polarization mismatch to ensure the stability of signal transmission. Because of the advantages of low profile, easy conformal, easy integration and low cost of printed antenna, its application prospect is very broad. The combination of omnidirectional and circular polarization characteristics of antennas will effectively increase the space utilization rate of communication base stations or mobile terminals and reduce the cost of antenna development. The main problem that restricts the application of this kind of antenna is that its impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth are too narrow. The low profile wideband omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna will play an indispensable role in the future wireless communication field. This paper first studies the basic theory of omnidirectional circular polarization printed antenna. The basic realization method of omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna and the wide band technique of circularly polarized printed antenna are discussed in detail. Three kinds of single feed are mainly involved in this paper. Wide band omnidirectional circularly polarized printed antenna. The first is orthogonal double slot wideband omnidirectional circularly polarized printed antenna. The profile of this antenna is relatively low. The characteristics of wide band horizontal omnidirectional circular polarization are realized. The performance index of this kind of antenna is described and analyzed, and the sensitive parameters of the antenna are analyzed in theory and simulation. Finally, The working principle of the omnidirectional circular polarization and broadband antenna is deeply studied. The simulation results show that, The antenna achieves the characteristics of reflection coefficient -10dB, axial ratio 3dB, gain 1dB in the frequency range of 2.19GHz 2.60GHz. The second is the broad-band omnidirectional circularly polarized printed antenna with L type loading and improving floor. The antenna satisfies the low profile wideband omni-directional antenna. The characteristics of circular polarization. In this paper, the sensitive structure parameters of the antenna are simulated and studied. Then the principle of wide-band omnidirectional circular polarization of the antenna is deeply simulated and theoretically analyzed. The simulation results show that, In the frequency range of 2.18 GHz and 2.62 GHz, the antenna has the characteristics of reflection coefficient -10 dB and axial ratio of 3 dB in the plane of pitch angle 胃 200. The third type is a wide-band omnidirectional circularly polarized printed antenna with F-loaded improved floor. The antenna is based on the second type of antenna. Improvements in antenna structure, In order to change the pitch angle of the plane with optimal omnidirectional circular polarization, the performance of the antenna is compared with that of the second antenna. The reason why the antenna has better omnidirectional radiation characteristic than the second antenna is explained in theory. Finally, the material object is made and tested. The comparison and analysis between the simulation results and the physical test results show that the antenna has the characteristics of reflection coefficient -10 dB, axial ratio 3 dB, gain 3 dB in the frequency range of 2.20 GHz ~ 2.62 GHz. Basically has satisfied the technical target request which we proposed.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN821.1
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本文編號：1608519