本文選題：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)　切入點(diǎn)：無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)　出處：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)是繼計(jì)算機(jī)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)之后世界信息產(chǎn)業(yè)又一次革命性發(fā)展,近年來(lái)發(fā)展迅速,并被廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)監(jiān)控、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和智能交通等領(lǐng)域。相關(guān)研究日益受到世界各國(guó)政府、學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界的重視。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)匯聚了眾多新技術(shù),其中,傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)和射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)作為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)感知層的兩大關(guān)鍵技術(shù),在整個(gè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)體系中發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。 本論文主要針對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)感知層的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),即無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由協(xié)議和射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)多標(biāo)簽防碰撞技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究和算法改進(jìn)。主要工作內(nèi)容及成果如下： (1)分析了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)感知層在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)體系中的地位和作用,詳細(xì)介紹了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)和射頻識(shí)別技術(shù),重點(diǎn)研究了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的路由算法和射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的多標(biāo)簽防碰撞技術(shù),并分別建立仿真模型,進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。 (2)在全面分析EEUC協(xié)議優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種能量均衡的非均勻分簇路由協(xié)議EBUC。新協(xié)議從三個(gè)方面對(duì)EEUC協(xié)議進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),一是借鑒LEACH協(xié)議的簇首產(chǎn)生機(jī)制,并加入剩余能量因子對(duì)候選簇首產(chǎn)生策略進(jìn)行改進(jìn)；二是引入獨(dú)立節(jié)點(diǎn)概念對(duì)簇的建立過(guò)程作了進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化,使網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)更加合理；三是在多跳路由建立階段,新算法根據(jù)距離的不同將候選中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)劃分為不同的優(yōu)先級(jí),從而改進(jìn)了中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)的選取過(guò)程。仿真結(jié)果顯示,EBUC算法有效降低了簇首能耗,使節(jié)點(diǎn)能量更加均衡,網(wǎng)絡(luò)存活時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。 (3)在深入研究IPA算法的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種新穎的基于ID預(yù)測(cè)的二進(jìn)制防碰撞算法NIPA。新算法從兩個(gè)方面對(duì)IPA算法作了改進(jìn),一是通過(guò)對(duì)計(jì)數(shù)域值確定情況下IPA中采用的JDS算法進(jìn)行改進(jìn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了當(dāng)檢測(cè)到有兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)位發(fā)生碰撞時(shí)閱讀器對(duì)標(biāo)簽的直接識(shí)別；二是通過(guò)使閱讀器記憶部分標(biāo)簽反饋信息作為下一次查詢時(shí)的已知信息,減少了閱讀器與標(biāo)簽之間的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸量。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)表明,NIPA算法可以有效提高系統(tǒng)的識(shí)別效率,降低數(shù)據(jù)傳輸冗余。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things is another revolutionary development of the world's information industry after computers, the Internet of Internet and the mobile communication network. In recent years, the Internet of things has developed rapidly and has been widely used in industrial monitoring and control. In the fields of health and intelligent transportation, the related research has been paid more and more attention by governments, academia and industry around the world. The Internet of things has brought together many new technologies, among which, Sensor networks and radio frequency identification (RFID), as two key technologies of the Internet of things perception layer, play an irreplaceable role in the whole IoT system. This thesis mainly focuses on the key technologies of the perception layer of the Internet of things, that is, the routing protocol of wireless sensor network and the anti-collision technology of RFID system. The main contents and results are as follows:. In this paper, the position and function of IOT perception layer in Internet of things system are analyzed, and the wireless sensor network and radio frequency identification technology are introduced in detail. The routing algorithm of wireless sensor network and the multi-label anti-collision technology of radio frequency identification system are studied, and the simulation models are established and compared with each other. Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of EEUC protocol, an energy balanced non-uniform clustering routing protocol EBUC is proposed. The new protocol improves the EEUC protocol from three aspects. The first is to learn from the cluster head generation mechanism of LEACH protocol. And the residual energy factor is added to improve the candidate cluster head generation strategy. Second, the independent node concept is introduced to further optimize the cluster building process to make the network topology more reasonable; third, in the multi-hop routing stage, The new algorithm divides the candidate relay nodes into different priorities according to the distance, and improves the selection process of the relay nodes. The simulation results show that the cluster head energy consumption is reduced effectively and the node energy is more balanced by the proposed algorithm. The network lives longer. Based on the research of IPA algorithm, a novel binary anti-collision algorithm based on ID prediction is proposed. The new algorithm improves the IPA algorithm from two aspects. The first is to improve the JDS algorithm used in IPA in the case of determining the value of the counting domain, and realize the direct recognition of tags when two bits of data are detected to collide. Second, the reader can memorize partial tag feedback information as the known information in the next query, which reduces the amount of data transmission between the reader and the tag. The simulation results show that the NIPA algorithm can effectively improve the recognition efficiency of the system. Reduce data transmission redundancy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.44;TN929.5

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