本文選題：能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)　切入點(diǎn)：隨機(jī)圖模型　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展和成熟,無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用已經(jīng)越來越廣泛,但是傳統(tǒng)的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)通常由電池供電,電池的能量儲備極大地限制了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存周期而造成不便,因此,能量收集技術(shù)是解決無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中節(jié)點(diǎn)能量供應(yīng)問題的有效途徑。對于能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),為了提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能,網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性是值得研究的熱點(diǎn)問題。在能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,由于與環(huán)境因素直接緊密相關(guān),在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)采集到的能量是一個(gè)隨機(jī)過程,這種能量的隨機(jī)性導(dǎo)致節(jié)點(diǎn)可否工作也具有隨機(jī)性。再者,出于節(jié)約能量的考慮,傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)一般采用Duty-Cycle的調(diào)度策略,只有當(dāng)兩節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)處于激活狀態(tài)時(shí)才可能建立鏈路,因而在能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,節(jié)點(diǎn)間可否建立鏈路也具有概率性。基于以上特性和能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的通信半徑的約束,本論文采用ER隨機(jī)圖的思想建立EW隨機(jī)圖模型,然后基于該模型分析實(shí)際應(yīng)用中最普遍的以sink節(jié)點(diǎn)為中心的能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),進(jìn)而根據(jù)EW隨機(jī)圖模型建立了基于概率的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性模型,在該模型中我們以節(jié)點(diǎn)連通概率最小值、平均值和最大值以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)最大連通比例作為網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性的衡量指標(biāo),然后提出了三種方法計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)連通概率,分別是基于隨機(jī)完全圖的子圖概率法、基于隨機(jī)完全圖的路徑概率法和基于概率的仿真統(tǒng)計(jì)法。論文基于EW隨機(jī)圖模型,以仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)的手段分析了網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性與節(jié)點(diǎn)密度、節(jié)點(diǎn)可工作概率、鏈路可建立概率、節(jié)點(diǎn)通信半徑和sink節(jié)點(diǎn)位置之間的關(guān)系并針對各個(gè)因素提出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性的優(yōu)化策略。在論文最后,實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)仿真系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)分為能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)仿真平臺和基于e Z430-RF2500-SHE開發(fā)工具的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)。其中仿真平臺實(shí)現(xiàn)了能量收集無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的部署、連通性計(jì)算和仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),而數(shù)據(jù)采集子系統(tǒng)以真實(shí)的能量收集傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)電壓檢測和數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng),通過對電壓數(shù)據(jù)的分析,驗(yàn)證能量收集的概率性。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing technology and mature, the application of wireless sensor network has been widely used, but the traditional sensor nodes are usually powered by batteries, battery energy storage greatly limits the network lifetime and inconvenience, therefore, energy harvesting technology is an effective way to solve the energy supply problem for wireless sensor network. Energy collection of wireless sensor networks, in order to improve the network performance, network connectivity is a hot topic worthy of study. In the energy collection in wireless sensor networks, due to the direct and closely related to environmental factors, in a period of time the energy collected by sensors is a random process, random this energy can also lead to node is random. Furthermore, for saving energy considerations, sensor nodes generally use the Duty-Cycle scheduling strategy, only when two At the same time point to establish a link will be active, so the energy collection in wireless sensor networks, nodes can establish a link with probability. The communication radius of above characteristics and energy collection of wireless sensor network based on the constraint of ER, the idea of the establishment of the random graph EW random graph model is adopted in this paper, then the wireless sensor network to collect the most common to the sink node as the center of energy in the practical application of the model based on the analysis, and then according to the EW random graph model is established based on the network connectivity probability model, in this model we connected probability minimum to nodes, the average value and the maximum value and the maximum network connectivity ratio as network connectivity index then, put forward three methods to calculate the node connectivity probability, are randomized complete subgraphs based on path probability method, random complete graph based on probability The simulation method and the method based on statistical probability. The random graph model based on EW, a simulation experiment is analyzed by means of network connectivity and node density, node probability, link establishment probability, the relationship between the communication radius of nodes and sink node position and for each factor is proposed to optimize the strategy of network connectivity. In the end, to achieve a simulation energy collection system of wireless sensor network, the system is divided into the energy collection of wireless sensor network simulation platform and e data acquisition system based on Z430-RF2500-SHE development tools. The simulation platform of the energy collection deployment of wireless sensor networks, connectivity calculation and simulation experiment, and the data acquisition subsystem the real energy collection of sensor nodes to achieve a voltage detection and data acquisition system, through the analysis of the voltage data, verify the energy collection Probability.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5
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本文編號：1559858