本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水聲傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò) 媒體接入控制 長傳播時(shí)延 空閑資源利用 按需TDMA　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水聲傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network,UWASN)在海洋環(huán)境監(jiān)測、資源開發(fā)等領(lǐng)域具有巨大的應(yīng)用前景,因而引起各界的廣泛關(guān)注。由于水聲信道的傳播速率低,誤比特率高,可用帶寬有限等特點(diǎn),UWASN具有信道傳播時(shí)延長、數(shù)據(jù)包出錯(cuò)率高、網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)延時(shí)空不確定性等特征。結(jié)合UWASN的特征,設(shè)計(jì)有效的水聲傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)組網(wǎng)協(xié)議,具有重要的意義。論文主要研究UWASN的媒體接入控制(Medium Access Control,MAC)技術(shù)。結(jié)合UWASN的大傳播時(shí)延特征,論文分析了基于握手的MAC協(xié)議存在的“效率問題”與“傳輸問題”,提出利用空閑資源的MAC(Waiting Resource Usage MAC,WRUMAC)協(xié)議。在WRUMAC協(xié)議中,節(jié)點(diǎn)收到控制包后等待一段時(shí)間再響應(yīng)該控制包,保證其所有潛在的沖突節(jié)點(diǎn)都收到控制包,從而解決長時(shí)延UWASN中數(shù)據(jù)包異步到達(dá)帶來的“傳輸問題”。鄰居節(jié)點(diǎn)利用握手成功節(jié)點(diǎn)對的空閑等待時(shí)間進(jìn)行額外數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,從而解決長時(shí)延UWASN中空閑資源浪費(fèi)帶來的“效率問題”。理論分析與仿真結(jié)果表明,WRUMAC協(xié)議能有效提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量,降低數(shù)據(jù)包的端到端時(shí)延與網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量開銷。綜合考慮UWASN傳播時(shí)延大、數(shù)據(jù)包傳輸出錯(cuò)率高與多用戶傳輸相互干擾等問題,論文介紹了點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)水聲通信中高效數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方案與差錯(cuò)控制機(jī)制,并提出了結(jié)合連續(xù)傳輸與差錯(cuò)控制的按需TDMA協(xié)議,采用按需TDMA方式協(xié)調(diào)多用戶的信道資源利用,數(shù)據(jù)包的傳輸過程采用連續(xù)ARQ方案提高信道傳輸效率,采用混合ARQ(Hybrid ARQ,HARQ)技術(shù)解決數(shù)據(jù)包傳輸差錯(cuò)問題,并根據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)的業(yè)務(wù)量、差錯(cuò)控制機(jī)制與節(jié)點(diǎn)的收發(fā)狀態(tài)為節(jié)點(diǎn)分配時(shí)隙。仿真結(jié)果表明,所提出的按需TDMA協(xié)議有更高的吞吐量,更低的數(shù)據(jù)傳播時(shí)延,且能較好適應(yīng)不同網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network (UWASN) has great application prospects in marine environment monitoring, resource development and other fields, and has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. Due to the low propagation rate of underwater acoustic channel, the bit error rate is high. With limited available bandwidth, UWASN has the characteristics of extended channel propagation time, high packet error rate, time-space uncertainty of network delay, and so on. Combined with the characteristics of UWASN, an effective underwater acoustic sensor network networking protocol is designed. This paper mainly studies the medium Access Control (MAC) technology of UWASN, and combines the characteristics of UWASN with large propagation delay. This paper analyzes the "efficiency problem" and "transmission problem" of MAC protocol based on handshake, and proposes the MAC(Waiting Resource Usage MAC protocol using free resources. In the WRUMAC protocol, the node receives the control packet and waits for a period of time to respond to the control packet. Ensure that all potential conflict nodes receive control packets to solve the "transmission problem" caused by asynchronous arrival of packets in long-delay UWASN. Neighbor nodes use the idle waiting time of successful handshake nodes to transmit additional data. In order to solve the "efficiency problem" caused by the waste of idle resources in long-delay UWASN, the theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the WRUMAC protocol can effectively improve the network throughput. In order to reduce the end-to-end delay and the energy overhead of the network, the problems such as the large propagation delay of UWASN, the high error rate of packet transmission and the interference between multi-user transmission and so on are considered. In this paper, the efficient data transmission scheme and error control mechanism in point-to-point underwater acoustic communication are introduced, and an on-demand TDMA protocol combining continuous transmission and error control is proposed to coordinate the utilization of multi-user channel resources by on-demand TDMA. In the process of data packet transmission, continuous ARQ scheme is adopted to improve the channel transmission efficiency, and hybrid ARQ(Hybrid ARQ / HARQ technology is used to solve the problem of packet transmission errors. The simulation results show that the proposed on-demand TDMA protocol has higher throughput, lower data propagation delay and better adaptability to different network environments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN929.3;TP212.9

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