本文關(guān)鍵詞： VHF通信 VTS VoIP技術(shù) 話(huà)音編解碼　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：船舶交通管理信息系統(tǒng)(VTS)作為海上交通指揮控制的中心,旨在提高海上交通運(yùn)輸效率,減少水上交通事故等。VHF通信子系統(tǒng)作為其重要組成,在VTS中心和船舶之間建立了有效的信息聯(lián)系。傳統(tǒng)VTS中的VHF通信子系統(tǒng)采用專(zhuān)用岸基VHF通信設(shè)備,其缺點(diǎn)是工程造價(jià)高,可擴(kuò)展性相對(duì)較差。目前,VoIP技術(shù)正逐步運(yùn)用在VTS的VHF通信系統(tǒng)中,其采用商業(yè)的話(huà)音網(wǎng)關(guān)處理技術(shù),未針對(duì)VHF通信特點(diǎn)做出調(diào)整和改進(jìn)。因此,VHF通信系統(tǒng)存在話(huà)音與控制信號(hào)傳輸不同步的問(wèn)題,同時(shí)話(huà)音傳輸不完整且質(zhì)量較差。本文主要研究一套基于船用VHF設(shè)備和VoIP技術(shù)的VHF通信子系統(tǒng)。首先,針對(duì)船用VHF設(shè)備,提出了基于VoIP技術(shù)的VHF通信子系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計(jì)方案,對(duì)VHF-VoIP網(wǎng)關(guān)各部分關(guān)鍵模塊進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)和分析。其次,針對(duì)VHF通信子系統(tǒng)中話(huà)音和控制信號(hào)不同步的缺點(diǎn),提出了兩種VTS中VHF通信系統(tǒng)專(zhuān)用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)封包模型。將控制和話(huà)音信號(hào)通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議封裝打包,有效解決了話(huà)音傳輸不完整和質(zhì)量差等問(wèn)題。然后對(duì)LPC、DPCM、ADPCM和CS-ACELP壓縮編解碼算法進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,采用了 CS-ACELP編解碼算法,并提出改進(jìn)的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單的多特征值VAD預(yù)編碼算法。在高壓縮比的情況下,降低了算法的復(fù)雜度,提高了 VHF通信的實(shí)時(shí)性和靈活性。最后,通過(guò)本文設(shè)計(jì)的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)話(huà)音評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證了該編解碼算法的有效性。本課題研究結(jié)果表明,VHF-VoIP網(wǎng)關(guān)不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了 VHF終端與VHF收發(fā)信機(jī)之間的實(shí)時(shí)通話(huà),而且實(shí)現(xiàn)了 VTS中VHF終端對(duì)基站VHF收發(fā)信機(jī)的遠(yuǎn)程控制和狀態(tài)回執(zhí),同時(shí)優(yōu)化了 VHF系統(tǒng)信息的數(shù)字化傳輸和話(huà)音通信的數(shù)字化控制管理,有效解決了 VTS系統(tǒng)中利用VoIP所實(shí)現(xiàn)的VHF通信子系統(tǒng)所存在的問(wèn)題,利用本課題提出的VHF-VoIP網(wǎng)關(guān),可實(shí)現(xiàn)船用VHF設(shè)備在VTS系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:As the center of maritime traffic command and control, VTS (ship Traffic Management Information system) is an important part of VHF communication subsystem, which aims to improve the efficiency of maritime traffic and reduce maritime traffic accidents. An effective information connection is established between the VTS center and the ship. The traditional VHF communication subsystem in VTS uses special shore-based VHF communication equipment, which has the disadvantage of high engineering cost. At present, the VoIP technology is gradually used in the VHF communication system of VTS, which adopts the commercial voice gateway processing technology. The communication characteristics of VHF have not been adjusted and improved. Therefore, the voice and control signal transmission is out of sync in VHF communication system. At the same time, the voice transmission is incomplete and the quality is poor. This paper mainly studies a set of VHF communication subsystem based on marine VHF equipment and VoIP technology. Firstly, the whole design scheme of VHF communication subsystem based on VoIP technology is proposed for marine VHF equipment. The key modules of VHF-VoIP gateway are designed and analyzed. Secondly, the disadvantages of voice and control signal synchronization in VHF communication subsystem are analyzed. In this paper, two kinds of network packet models for VHF communication system in VTS are proposed. The control and voice signals are packaged by network protocol. The problems such as incomplete voice transmission and poor quality are effectively solved. Then the CS-ACELP coding and decoding algorithms are compared and analyzed with CS-ACELP compression coding and decoding algorithms. An improved multi-eigenvalue VAD precoding algorithm with simple structure is proposed. In the case of high compression ratio, the complexity of the algorithm is reduced, and the real-time and flexibility of VHF communication is improved. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by the neural network voice evaluation system designed in this paper. The research results show that the VHF-VoIP gateway not only realizes the real-time communication between the VHF terminal and the VHF transceiver. Furthermore, the remote control and status receipt of the base station VHF transceiver by VHF terminal in VTS are realized. At the same time, the digital transmission of VHF system information and the digital control management of voice communication are optimized. The problem of VHF communication subsystem realized by VoIP in VTS system is solved effectively, and the application of marine VHF equipment in VTS system can be realized by using the VHF-VoIP gateway proposed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN916.5;TN914

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