本文關(guān)鍵詞： 無源定位 多維標(biāo)度方法 觀測(cè)站位置誤差 觀測(cè)站時(shí)鐘偏差 混合定位　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：無源定位因具有探測(cè)距離遠(yuǎn)和隱蔽性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而在國(guó)家安全與現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。無源定位在廣泛應(yīng)用的同時(shí),也面臨著越來越多的挑戰(zhàn)。本論文圍繞觀測(cè)站位置和時(shí)鐘有誤差的定位問題以及基于測(cè)距和測(cè)角的混合定位問題,對(duì)多維標(biāo)度(MDS:Multidimensional Scaling)無源定位算法開展了研究。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和取得的成果有:1.研究了觀測(cè)站位置有誤差的測(cè)距MDS定位算法。在測(cè)距MDS統(tǒng)一框架上提出了一種觀測(cè)站位置有誤差的測(cè)距MDS算法,這是一種閉式解法。理論分析表明,當(dāng)測(cè)距誤差與觀測(cè)站位置誤差服從零均值高斯分布時(shí),該算法是一種無偏估計(jì),當(dāng)誤差很小時(shí)能夠達(dá)到定位的克拉美勞下界(CRLB:Cramer-Rao lower bound)。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了理論推導(dǎo),并且表明當(dāng)測(cè)距誤差和觀測(cè)站位置誤差較大時(shí),定位精度比兩步加權(quán)最小二乘測(cè)距定位算法和加權(quán)MDS測(cè)距定位算法高。并且這三種算法的計(jì)算復(fù)雜度相當(dāng)。2.研究了觀測(cè)站有位置誤差的時(shí)差MDS定位算法。提出了一種觀測(cè)站位置有誤差的時(shí)差MDS定位算法,這是一種閉式解法。理論分析表明,當(dāng)時(shí)差測(cè)量誤差與觀測(cè)站位置誤差服從零均值高斯分布時(shí),該算法是一種無偏估計(jì),在誤差很小時(shí)能夠達(dá)到CRLB。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了理論推導(dǎo),同時(shí)也表明當(dāng)測(cè)量誤差和觀測(cè)站位置誤差較大時(shí),算法的定位精度比兩步加權(quán)最小二乘時(shí)差定位算法和加權(quán)MDS時(shí)差定位算法高。并且這三種算法的計(jì)算復(fù)雜度相當(dāng)。3.研究了觀測(cè)站位置有誤差的時(shí)頻差MDS定位算法。提出了一種觀測(cè)站有位置誤差的時(shí)頻差MDS算法,這是一種閉式解。理論分析表明,當(dāng)時(shí)頻差測(cè)量誤差與觀測(cè)站位置誤差服從零均值高斯分布時(shí),算法對(duì)輻射源的位置和速度估計(jì)是無偏的,在誤差很小時(shí)能夠達(dá)到CRLB。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了理論推導(dǎo),同時(shí)也表明當(dāng)測(cè)量誤差和位置誤差較大時(shí),算法定位精度比兩步加權(quán)最小二乘時(shí)頻差定位算法、約束總體最小二乘時(shí)頻差定位算法和加權(quán)MDS時(shí)頻差定位算法更高。并且提出的算法計(jì)算復(fù)雜度比約束總體最小二乘算法低,與其它兩種算法相當(dāng)。4.開展了觀測(cè)站位置和時(shí)鐘有誤差的測(cè)距MDS多目標(biāo)定位算法研究。推導(dǎo)了觀測(cè)站位置和時(shí)鐘有誤差的測(cè)距定位的CRLB,通過CRLB分析了測(cè)距誤差,觀測(cè)站位置誤差,觀測(cè)站時(shí)鐘誤差對(duì)定位精度的影響,結(jié)果表明,通過觀測(cè)站之間的距離測(cè)量可以降低觀測(cè)站位置和時(shí)鐘誤差對(duì)定位精度的影響。提出一種觀測(cè)站位置和時(shí)鐘有誤差的測(cè)距MDS多目標(biāo)定位閉式解,通過仿真驗(yàn)證了算法的有效性。5.揭示了測(cè)距與測(cè)角混合MDS定位算法與子空間MDS算法的聯(lián)系,它們是同一MDS內(nèi)積矩陣的不同表達(dá)方式。提出了另外一種測(cè)距與測(cè)角混合MDS定位方法,這種方法只需一個(gè)觀測(cè)站測(cè)角,降低了系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜度。通過仿真驗(yàn)證了當(dāng)測(cè)角精度較高時(shí),這種混合MDS定位算法比純測(cè)距定位算法和只有一個(gè)站測(cè)角的Chan定位算法精度高。
[Abstract]:Passive location has long detection distance and strong concealment and other advantages in the national security and the modern war is playing an increasingly important role in the wide application of passive location. At the same time, is also facing more and more challenges. This paper focuses on the problem of positioning stations and the clock observation error and hybrid positioning and ranging angle based on multidimensional scaling (MDS:Multidimensional Scaling) passive location algorithm has been studied. The main research contents and achievements are: ranging MDS positioning algorithm 1. research station location error in the measured distance. The MDS unified framework proposes a MDS algorithm based on ranging station location error, this is a closed form solution. Theoretical analysis shows that, when the distance error and station location error obeys zero mean Gauss distribution, the algorithm is an unbiased estimator when the error is small enough to reach To lower positioning of the Cramer Rao lower (CRLB:Cramer-Rao lower bound). The simulation results verify the theoretical derivation, and show that when the distance error and station location error is large, the positioning accuracy of the two step weighted least square localization algorithm and weighted MDS location algorithm. And the calculation of the three algorithms in time MDS localization algorithm is quite complex.2. on the observation station with position error. The time difference MDS positioning algorithm for station location error, which is a closed form solution. Theoretical analysis shows that the time difference measurement error and observation position error obeys zero mean Gauss distribution, the algorithm is an unbiased estimator can achieve CRLB. simulation results verify the theoretical derivation in the error is very small, it also suggests that the position error of the measurement error and the observation station is larger than two, the positioning accuracy of the algorithm by weighted least step two TDOA location algorithm and weighted MDS algorithm and calculate the TDOA location. These three algorithms are complex frequency difference MDS positioning algorithm is quite.3. to study the station location error. The paper proposed a MDS algorithm with position error of observation station when the frequency difference, this is a closed solution of theoretical analysis. That was the frequency difference measurement error and station location error obeys zero mean Gauss distribution algorithm, the position and velocity of the radiation source estimation is unbiased, can achieve the CRLB. simulation results verify the theoretical derivation in the error is very small, but also shows that when the measurement error and the position error is large, the localization accuracy is more than two when the frequency difference step weighted least squares algorithm, difference frequency localization algorithm of differential frequency localization algorithm and weighted MDS constrained total least squares when higher. And the proposed algorithm computational complexity than the constrained total least squares algorithm is low, and The other two algorithms is carried out.4. location MDS stations and the clock observation error algorithm for multi target localization was deduced. The location of station position and clock observation error of CRLB, through the CRLB analysis of ranging error and position error of observation station, station clock errors, the accuracy of the results showed that the distance measurement can reduce the impact of the station location and clock error on the positioning accuracy of observation stations in between. Put forward a MDS ranging location of station and clock error location closed solution, through the simulation of.5. the effectiveness of the algorithm reveals the location and angle of hybrid MDS location algorithm and subspace MDS the algorithm, they are different expressions of the same MDS inner product matrix. It provides another angle ranging and hybrid MDS positioning method, this method only needs a low angle observation station, The complexity of the system is verified by simulation. When the angle measurement accuracy is high, the hybrid MDS localization algorithm has higher accuracy than the pure ranging location algorithm and the Chan location algorithm with only one station angle measurement.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN95

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本文編號(hào)：1500925