發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 03:13

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：無人機(jī)高頻電磁建模方法及應(yīng)用研究　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 無人機(jī) 雷達(dá)成像 射線分集技術(shù) 參數(shù)化建模

【摘要】：無人機(jī)的電磁散射特性研究在軍事領(lǐng)域具有重要意義。因無人機(jī)是由介質(zhì)材料和金屬材料混合構(gòu)成,所以在研究分析無人機(jī)的雷達(dá)目標(biāo)特性時(shí)較一般PEC(Perfect electromagnetic conductor-理想電磁導(dǎo)體)目標(biāo)復(fù)雜得多�；谟�(jì)算電磁學(xué)方法,利用計(jì)算機(jī)仿真來獲取目標(biāo)散射特性已成為國內(nèi)外雷達(dá)研究者高度關(guān)注的問題,本文仿真研究了雷達(dá)目標(biāo)高分辨率一維距離成像和聚束合成孔徑雷達(dá)(Spotlight SAR)二維成像。在電磁問題分析方法中,高頻近似方法較數(shù)值算法占用的計(jì)算資源少,計(jì)算速度快,是處理介質(zhì)-金屬混合目標(biāo)散射的有效方法。本文基于含目標(biāo)實(shí)體部件分解的高精度幾何建模方法,利用射線追蹤,提出了空間射線分集技術(shù),射線分集技術(shù)運(yùn)用混合的幾何光學(xué)-物理光學(xué)(GO-PO)法,計(jì)算各射線子集的散射貢獻(xiàn),然后將散射子集按RCS的貢獻(xiàn)大小進(jìn)行排序并選出目標(biāo)強(qiáng)散射來源,最后運(yùn)用屬性散射中心模型,提出了一種正向的介質(zhì)-金屬混合目標(biāo)散射中心參數(shù)化建模方法。機(jī)翼是無人機(jī)中最復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu),故本文首先重點(diǎn)研究無人機(jī)機(jī)翼結(jié)構(gòu)的電磁特性,然后給出無人機(jī)高頻電磁建模結(jié)果。本文的主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)發(fā)展了用于介質(zhì)-金屬混合目標(biāo)的高頻電磁散射預(yù)估的混合GO-PO方法,在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了目標(biāo)雷達(dá)仿真成像。介紹了高分辨率一維距離成像原理以及聚束SAR二維成像原理,仿真了簡化機(jī)翼1的二維成像,與目標(biāo)幾何模型對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證仿真結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性與有效性,得到了滿意的結(jié)果。(2)基于空間射線分集,發(fā)展了適用于介質(zhì)-金屬混合目標(biāo)強(qiáng)散射來源判定及分析方法。以簡化機(jī)翼目標(biāo)為研究對(duì)象,研究了簡化機(jī)翼強(qiáng)散射源在不同姿態(tài)角下的分布情況。(3)發(fā)展了適用于介質(zhì)-金屬混合目標(biāo)的正向的參數(shù)化建模方法。將簡化機(jī)翼目標(biāo)作為研究對(duì)象,在不同姿態(tài)角下,建立目標(biāo)正向的參數(shù)化模型。將簡化機(jī)翼的參數(shù)化重建SAR圖像與其仿真SAR成像進(jìn)行比較,得出簡化機(jī)翼在不同姿態(tài)角下主要的散射來源;結(jié)合無人機(jī)暗室測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù),預(yù)估得到了無人機(jī)參數(shù)化重構(gòu)SAR成像。(4)對(duì)參數(shù)化建模成像進(jìn)行了相位修正和位置修正。將修正前后的結(jié)果與仿真SAR圖像作比較,證明了經(jīng)相位修正、位置修正后的參數(shù)化建模成像更能準(zhǔn)確的反映目標(biāo)的電磁特性。
[Abstract]:The study of electromagnetic scattering characteristics of UAV is of great significance in military field, because UAV is composed of dielectric materials and metal materials. Therefore, the radar target characteristics of UAV are compared with that of PEC(Perfect electromagnetic conductor (an ideal electromagnetic conductor). The target is much more complex. Based on computational electromagnetics. Radar researchers at home and abroad have paid close attention to using computer simulation to obtain the scattering characteristics of targets. In this paper, high-resolution one-dimensional range imaging and Spotlight SAR two-dimensional imaging of radar targets are simulated. The high frequency approximation method is an effective method to deal with the scattering of dielectric and metal mixed targets because of its less computational resources and faster computation speed than the numerical method. This paper is based on the high precision geometric modeling method which includes the decomposition of the target solid parts. The space ray diversity technique and the hybrid geometric optical-physical optics (GO-POO) method are proposed to calculate the scattering contribution of each subset of rays by ray tracing. Then the scattering subset is sorted according to the contribution of RCS, and the target strong scattering source is selected. Finally, the attribute scattering center model is used. In this paper, a parameterized modeling method for the scattering center of a mixture of dielectric and metal targets is proposed. The wing is the most complex structure in UAV, so the electromagnetic characteristics of wing structure of UAV are mainly studied in this paper. The main contents of this paper include: 1) A hybrid GO-PO method is developed to predict the high frequency electromagnetic scattering of dielectric metal mixed targets. The principle of high-resolution one-dimensional range imaging and the two-dimensional imaging principle of spotlight SAR are introduced. The two-dimensional imaging of the simplified wing 1 is simulated and compared with the geometric model of the target. The accuracy and validity of the simulation results are verified and satisfactory results are obtained. A method for determining and analyzing the source of strong scattering from dielectric and metal mixed targets is developed, and the simplified wing target is taken as the object of study. In this paper, the distribution of the strong scattering sources of the simplified wing at different attitude angles is studied. The forward parameterized modeling method suitable for the dielectric metal mixed target is developed. The simplified wing target is taken as the object of study. At different attitude angles, the forward parametric model of the target is established, and the simplified wing parameterized reconstructed SAR image is compared with its simulated SAR image. The main scattering sources of the simplified wing at different attitude angles are obtained. Combined with UAV darkroom measurements. The parameterized reconstruction of UAV SAR imaging. 4) the phase correction and position correction of parameterized modeling imaging are carried out. The results before and after the correction are compared with the simulated SAR images. It is proved that the parameterized modeling imaging with phase correction and position correction can reflect the electromagnetic characteristics of the target more accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN957.52

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