【摘要】：近些年,為提高道路交通安全,減少交通堵塞,提升乘車體驗,智能交通系統(tǒng)及車聯(lián)網(wǎng)等概念應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。車聯(lián)網(wǎng)的實現(xiàn)需要車輛之間頻繁及時可靠的信息交互,因此選定合適的無線通信技術(shù)則顯得極為重要。IEEE制定和完善的WAVE/802.11p協(xié)議族是目前支持車聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信的主要技術(shù)手段,并得到了廣泛的研究和討論。該協(xié)議能夠適應(yīng)車輛節(jié)點高速移動以及車聯(lián)網(wǎng)動態(tài)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),為車輛間的通信提供有效保證。但在車輛密度比較大的場景中,不能保證安全信息可靠及時的傳輸,有時也會引起廣播風(fēng)暴等問題。以LTE-Advanced為代表的新一代移動通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)快速演進(jìn)發(fā)展,就系統(tǒng)容量,峰值速率,傳輸時延等關(guān)鍵性能進(jìn)行了極大優(yōu)化,并引入了MTC, MBMS和D2D等新特性。本文重點探討新一代移動通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)對車聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信的支持狀況并提出改進(jìn)方案。 本文首先對WAVE/802.11p協(xié)議的實現(xiàn)機(jī)制和原理進(jìn)行簡要研究,為后續(xù)部分的仿真分析做準(zhǔn)備。并將LTE/LTE-Advanced的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及其新特性,如MTC、D2D和MBMS,加以重點分析。結(jié)合這些新特性的功能和特點,探討如何將其應(yīng)用于車聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信環(huán)境。進(jìn)一步,針對車聯(lián)網(wǎng)中的安全相關(guān)信息,分別對802.11p和LTE/LTE-Advanced進(jìn)行建模仿真,分析兩種機(jī)制的特點和對車聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信的支持狀況。考慮到移動通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不足,提出優(yōu)化方案,結(jié)合VANET和蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)兩方面的優(yōu)點,實現(xiàn)了混合網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于蟻群算法的動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)上傳機(jī)制。最后通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)仿真工具NS-3的仿真實現(xiàn),確認(rèn)了改進(jìn)機(jī)制的優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to improve road traffic safety, reduce traffic jams and enhance ride experience, the concepts of intelligent transportation system and vehicle interconnection have emerged as the times require. The realization of vehicle networking requires frequent, timely and reliable information exchange between vehicles. Therefore, it is very important to select the appropriate wireless communication technology. The WAVE/802.11p protocol family is the main technical means to support the vehicle network communication, and has been widely studied and discussed. This protocol can adapt to the high-speed movement of vehicle nodes and the dynamic topology of vehicle networking, and provide an effective guarantee for the communication between vehicles. However, when the vehicle density is high, it can not guarantee the reliable and timely transmission of safe information, and sometimes it will cause some problems such as broadcast storm. With the rapid evolution of the new generation mobile communication network represented by LTE-Advanced, the key performance such as system capacity, peak rate and transmission delay is greatly optimized, and some new characteristics such as MTC, MBMS and D2D are introduced. This paper focuses on the support of the next generation mobile communication network to the vehicle network communication, and puts forward the improvement scheme. In this paper, the implementation mechanism and principle of WAVE/802.11p protocol are studied briefly in order to prepare for the simulation analysis of the following part. The key technologies and new features of LTE/LTE-Advanced, such as MTC,D2D and MBMS, are analyzed in detail. Combined with the functions and characteristics of these new features, this paper discusses how to apply them to the communication environment of vehicle networking. Furthermore, according to the safety-related information in vehicle networking, 802.11p and LTE/LTE-Advanced are modeled and simulated respectively, and the characteristics of the two mechanisms and the status of support for vehicle networking communication are analyzed. Considering the shortage of mobile communication network, an optimization scheme is proposed, which combines the advantages of VANET and cellular network to realize the dynamic data upload mechanism based on ant colony algorithm in hybrid network. Finally, the superiority of the improved mechanism is confirmed by the simulation realization of the network simulation tool NS-3.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

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