協(xié)同化移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)中QoS感知的優(yōu)化調(diào)度技術(shù)研究
本文選題:混合網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 移動(dòng)自組網(wǎng); 參考:《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:近年來(lái),智能手機(jī)行業(yè)的高速發(fā)展見(jiàn)證了移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的蓬勃繁榮。手機(jī)作為第一大上網(wǎng)終端,已成為中國(guó)網(wǎng)民增長(zhǎng)的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力,并促成移動(dòng)流媒體服務(wù)躍升為移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第五大應(yīng)用。然而傳統(tǒng)基于基站接入的流媒體構(gòu)建方案因蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)容量有限、下行速度抖動(dòng)和資費(fèi)昂貴等原因限制了移動(dòng)流媒體的應(yīng)用普及。為此近年來(lái)學(xué)術(shù)界提出基于蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)及WiFi網(wǎng)絡(luò)混成融合架構(gòu)的移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建方案,即移動(dòng)用戶一方面通過(guò)B2D連接(蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口)與視頻服務(wù)器連接,一方面通過(guò)D2D連接(WiFi)與鄰近用戶組成移動(dòng)自組網(wǎng)(MANET)以共享數(shù)據(jù)。混合網(wǎng)絡(luò)的P2P移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)主要分為兩類:第一類為基于單跳廣播的P2P移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)用戶基于P2P協(xié)同技術(shù)分別下載視頻數(shù)據(jù)的不同部分,然后通過(guò)無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)MAC廣播進(jìn)行節(jié)點(diǎn)間數(shù)據(jù)的分享。系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)為數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速度快,傳輸效率高,缺點(diǎn)為用戶必須都處于彼此的通信覆蓋范圍,限制了系統(tǒng)的規(guī)模。第二類為基于多跳路由的P2P移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)中用戶首先嘗試通過(guò)D2D連接利用Ad-Hoc多跳路由機(jī)制從周邊節(jié)點(diǎn)獲取數(shù)據(jù),失效時(shí)通過(guò)B2D連接從遠(yuǎn)程流媒體服務(wù)器獲取數(shù)據(jù)。系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)為可以覆蓋更多的用戶和資源,缺點(diǎn)為數(shù)據(jù)傳輸會(huì)出現(xiàn)帶寬瓶頸,且系統(tǒng)的蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載存在優(yōu)化空間。在基于多跳路由的P2P移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)中數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度鏈路的實(shí)際拓?fù)?包括鏈路長(zhǎng)度,轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)節(jié)點(diǎn)的負(fù)載決定了調(diào)度的性能,當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)需要經(jīng)過(guò)多個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)時(shí)或轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)節(jié)點(diǎn)負(fù)載很大時(shí),數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度會(huì)出現(xiàn)帶寬瓶頸,影響系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量;其次蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載仍存在優(yōu)化空間,用戶存在重復(fù)下載同一數(shù)據(jù)的現(xiàn)象,且用戶的蜂窩數(shù)據(jù)流量不平衡,影響系統(tǒng)的可擴(kuò)展性和實(shí)際應(yīng)用。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題論文對(duì)基于旁助節(jié)點(diǎn)’協(xié)同的流調(diào)度優(yōu)化機(jī)制和QoS保障的蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載優(yōu)化策略開展了研究。本文的主要工作如下:1.本文針對(duì)基于智能手機(jī)自組網(wǎng)的P2P移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)中的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度出現(xiàn)的帶寬瓶頸問(wèn)題,提出了基于旁助節(jié)點(diǎn)協(xié)同的流調(diào)度優(yōu)化機(jī)制,通過(guò)將系統(tǒng)中的用戶和D2D連接建模為加權(quán)有向圖,將數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度優(yōu)化問(wèn)題規(guī)約為最短路徑問(wèn)題,提出了基于Dijkstra算法的最短路徑算法,最后通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了算法隨著節(jié)點(diǎn)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大性能穩(wěn)定優(yōu)良,具有移動(dòng)的可擴(kuò)展性,且算法在不同節(jié)點(diǎn)密度,不同旁助節(jié)點(diǎn)比例和不同旁助節(jié)點(diǎn)緩存上限情況下都能有穩(wěn)定且優(yōu)良的性能。2.針對(duì)基于多跳路由的P2P移動(dòng)流媒體系統(tǒng)中蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載優(yōu)化的問(wèn)題,在保證QoS的前提下,將此問(wèn)題建模為求最小下載節(jié)點(diǎn)集合的問(wèn)題,并證明了該問(wèn)題是一個(gè)NP-Hard問(wèn)題。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了優(yōu)化蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載和平衡節(jié)點(diǎn)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)下載數(shù)據(jù)量的啟發(fā)式貪心算法。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)的驗(yàn)證,算法可以有效的降低系統(tǒng)整體的蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量和平衡用戶節(jié)點(diǎn)的蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)下載數(shù)據(jù)量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of the smartphone industry witnessed the flourishing of mobile Internet. As the largest Internet terminal, mobile phone has become the main driving force for the growth of Internet users in China, and has promoted mobile streaming media services to become the fifth largest mobile Internet application. However, the traditional streaming media construction scheme based on base station access limits the popularity of mobile streaming media applications due to the limited capacity of cellular networks, downlink speed jitter and high tariff. In recent years, the academic community has proposed a mobile streaming media system based on the hybrid architecture of cellular network and WiFi network, that is, mobile users connect to video server through B2D connection (cellular network interface). On the one hand, a mobile ad hoc network (Manet) is formed with neighboring users via D2D connection WiFi. to share data. P2P mobile streaming media systems in hybrid networks are divided into two categories: the first is a P2P mobile streaming media system based on single hop broadcasting. The users of the system download different parts of video data based on P2P collaboration technology, and then share the data between nodes through wireless network MAC broadcast. The advantages of the system are high data transmission speed, high transmission efficiency, and the disadvantage is that the users must be in the communication coverage range of each other, which limits the scale of the system. The second is P2P mobile streaming media system based on multi-hop routing. In the system, users first try to obtain data from peripheral nodes by using Ad-Hoc multi-hop routing mechanism through D2D connection, and obtain data from remote streaming media server by B2D connection when failure occurs. The advantage of the system is that it can cover more users and resources, but the disadvantage is that the bandwidth bottleneck will occur in the data transmission, and there is optimization space for the system's cellular network load. In P2P mobile streaming media system based on multi-hop routing, the actual topology of the data scheduling link, including the link length and the load of the forwarding node, determines the scheduling performance. When the data needs to be forwarded through multiple nodes or when the load of the forwarding node is very heavy, the bandwidth bottleneck will appear in the data scheduling, which will affect the quality of service of the system. Secondly, there is still optimization space for the cellular network load. The phenomenon that users repeatedly download the same data, and the user's cellular data flow is unbalanced, which affects the scalability and practical application of the system. In order to solve the above problems, this paper studies the flow scheduling optimization mechanism based on the side help node 'cooperation and the load optimization strategy of the cellular network supported by QoS. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. Aiming at the bandwidth bottleneck of data scheduling in P2P mobile streaming media system based on smart phone ad hoc network, this paper proposes a flow scheduling optimization mechanism based on side-help node collaboration. By modeling the user and D2D connection in the system as weighted directed graph, the data scheduling optimization problem is reduced to the shortest path problem, and the shortest path algorithm based on Dijkstra algorithm is proposed. Finally, it is verified by experiments that the algorithm has good stability and scalability with the expansion of node size, and the algorithm has different node densities. Under the condition of different ratio of auxiliary nodes and upper limit of buffer of different side aid nodes, stable and excellent performance. 2. 2. Aiming at the problem of load optimization of cellular network in P2P mobile streaming media system based on multi-hop routing, this problem is modeled as the problem of finding the minimum download node set under the premise of guaranteeing QoS, and it is proved that this problem is a NP-Hard problem. On this basis, a heuristic greedy algorithm is proposed to optimize the load of cellular network and balance the download data of node cellular network. The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the overall cellular network traffic and balance the download data of the user nodes in the cellular network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:TN929.5
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