天體環(huán)境下快中子俘獲過程相關的核物理
發(fā)布時間:2019-07-20 07:50
【摘要】:在人類歷史上,曾經(jīng)吸引無數(shù)哲學家、天文學家思考的一個問題是"我們從哪里來"。現(xiàn)代的科學研究揭示了一個答案:恒星。恒星產(chǎn)生了構成生命的主要元素,如碳、氧、氮、硫等,但是比鐵更重的元素,如金、鉑、鈾等,卻無法在恒星內部產(chǎn)生。由于原子核物理實驗與天文觀測技術的限制,這些重元素的起源仍有許多不確定性。文章主要探討重元素起源的一個重要合成機制——快中子俘獲過程,以及相關的原子核物理觀測量,如原子核質量、半衰期、中子俘獲截面和裂變等,并回顧最新的實驗和理論進展。
[Abstract]:In human history, one of the questions that has attracted countless philosophers and astronomers is where we come from. Modern scientific research reveals an answer: stars. Stars produce the main elements of life, such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, etc., but elements heavier than iron, such as gold, platinum, uranium, etc., cannot be produced inside the star. Due to the limitation of atomic nuclear physics experiment and astronomical observation technology, there are still many uncertainties in the origin of these heavy elements. In this paper, an important synthesis mechanism of the origin of heavy elements, fast neutron capture process, and related nuclear physical observations, such as nuclear mass, half-life, neutron capture cross section and fission, are discussed, and the latest experimental and theoretical progress is reviewed.
【作者單位】: 北京航空航天大學物理科學與核能工程學院;北京大學物理學院;
【基金】:國家自然科學基金(批準號:10975008;11035007;11105010;11128510;11235002) 新世紀優(yōu)秀人才支持計劃(批準號:NCET-09-0031) 國家重點基礎研究發(fā)展計劃(批準號:2013CB834400)資助項目
【分類號】:P14
本文編號:2516580
[Abstract]:In human history, one of the questions that has attracted countless philosophers and astronomers is where we come from. Modern scientific research reveals an answer: stars. Stars produce the main elements of life, such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, etc., but elements heavier than iron, such as gold, platinum, uranium, etc., cannot be produced inside the star. Due to the limitation of atomic nuclear physics experiment and astronomical observation technology, there are still many uncertainties in the origin of these heavy elements. In this paper, an important synthesis mechanism of the origin of heavy elements, fast neutron capture process, and related nuclear physical observations, such as nuclear mass, half-life, neutron capture cross section and fission, are discussed, and the latest experimental and theoretical progress is reviewed.
【作者單位】: 北京航空航天大學物理科學與核能工程學院;北京大學物理學院;
【基金】:國家自然科學基金(批準號:10975008;11035007;11105010;11128510;11235002) 新世紀優(yōu)秀人才支持計劃(批準號:NCET-09-0031) 國家重點基礎研究發(fā)展計劃(批準號:2013CB834400)資助項目
【分類號】:P14
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,本文編號:2516580
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