本文關(guān)鍵詞：寬帶流星雷達硬件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)　出處：《武漢大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 寬帶流星雷達 發(fā)射系統(tǒng) 直接數(shù)字頻率合成 接收系統(tǒng)

【摘要】：流星雷達技術(shù)用于流星觀測始于上世紀30年代,當時流星雷達主要用于研究流星天文學。隨著科學技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,流星雷達系統(tǒng)也在不斷更新?lián)Q代,應(yīng)用方面也逐漸由最初的流星觀測拓展至流星雨的觀測、流星速度的觀測和流星區(qū)大氣動力學的研究。到上世紀90年代末,國外的流星雷達研制已經(jīng)日臻完善,其中澳大利亞研制的流星雷達尤為突出,它采用最新的全天空流星雷達技術(shù),可獲得流星區(qū)大氣動力學的各種參量。2000年以后,我國一些地區(qū)雖然引進了流星雷達,如武漢、昆明、三亞等,并且利用觀測數(shù)據(jù)取得了流星天文學、大氣動力學等方面的研究成果。然而,目前國內(nèi)仍沒有自主研發(fā)的流星雷達設(shè)備。因而本文首次開展了國內(nèi)流星雷達研制的工作,完成了寬帶流星雷達硬件系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計和實現(xiàn),并使用該雷達做了初步的實驗和數(shù)據(jù)分析。首先,介紹了激勵源中常用幾種頻率合成方法,使用直接數(shù)字頻率合成(DDS)技術(shù)作為發(fā)射系統(tǒng)的激勵源。發(fā)射系統(tǒng)以DDS芯片AD9958為核心,設(shè)計工作頻段為30MHz-100MHz,結(jié)合雷達系統(tǒng)的探測指標,選用了二相編碼調(diào)制信號作為發(fā)射波形設(shè)計,給出了軟硬件實現(xiàn)的方法,并對DDS輸出信號進行了調(diào)整,使得其輸出能滿足功放單元的需求且抑制了信號的失真以及諧波干擾。其次,完成了寬帶流星雷達接收系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。在分析了接收系統(tǒng)的幾個重要指標后,接收系統(tǒng)采用數(shù)字中頻結(jié)構(gòu),并對該結(jié)構(gòu)展開了整體設(shè)計和實現(xiàn),包括了模擬接收前端電路、模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化器、數(shù)字下變頻、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸以及通道校準的設(shè)計和實現(xiàn),并對靈敏度、動態(tài)范圍、增益等指標進行了測試,測試結(jié)果表明該接收系統(tǒng)滿足設(shè)計指標。最后,利用發(fā)射系統(tǒng)和接收系統(tǒng)進行了閉環(huán)實驗和開環(huán)實驗。其中,開環(huán)實驗分別使用互補碼和巴克碼進行了探測,并對探測的流星回波進行了初步分析,獲取了流星的速度大小、位置以及空間分布情況。實驗結(jié)果驗證了流星雷達的正確性和可行性。綜上所述,本文首次開展了國內(nèi)的流星雷達硬件系統(tǒng)的研制,實現(xiàn)的雷達具有工作頻帶寬(可覆蓋目前國外流星雷達的所有工作頻段)、控制參數(shù)可靈活配置等特點。盡管初步實驗結(jié)果驗證了流星雷達設(shè)計的可行性和正確性,但該系統(tǒng)仍需根據(jù)未來長期觀測中的問題進行參數(shù)的調(diào)整和進一步完善。
[Abstract]:Meteor Radar Technology for meteor observations began in the last century in 30s, when the meteor radar is mainly used to study the meteor astronomy. With the development of science and technology, the meteor radar system is also constantly upgrading, the application has gradually expanded to the meteor meteor rain observation first, observation and research area of atmospheric dynamics meteor meteor speeds. To the end of 90s, Meteor Radar foreign development has been more and more perfect, which developed in Australia meteor radar is particularly prominent, it uses all sky meteor radar technology, the meteor District atmospheric dynamics parameters.2000 years later, some areas in our country although the introduction of meteor radar, such as Wuhan, Kunming. Sanya, and the use of observational data obtained meteor astronomy, atmospheric dynamics and other aspects of the research results. However, the current domestic is still not independent Meteor radar equipment research and development. So this paper is carried out for the first time the meteor radar research work, completed the design and implementation of broadband meteor radar hardware system, and use the radar made a preliminary analysis of the experiment and data. First, introduces several common frequency synthesis method of excitation source, the use of direct digital frequency synthesis (DDS) technology as the excitation source transmitting system. Transmission system using DDS chip AD9958 as the core, the design of working frequency is 30MHz-100MHz, with the detection index of the radar system, the phase encoding modulation signal as the transmitting waveform design, gives a method of realization of hardware and software, and the output signal of DDS is adjusted, so that the output can to meet the demand of power amplifier unit and suppress the signal distortion and harmonic interference. Secondly, completed the design of broadband meteor radar system. In the analysis of the receiving system Several important indexes, the receiving system adopts digital intermediate frequency structure, and the structure of the overall design and implementation, including the analog front-end circuit, analog-to-digital converter, digital down conversion, data transmission and the design and implementation of channel calibration, and the dynamic range of gain, sensitivity, and other indicators to test the test results. That meet the design index of the receiving system. Finally, the closed loop experiment and open loop experiment using the transmitter and the receiver system. The open-loop experiments were made using complementary code and Barker code were detected, and the detection of meteor echoes are analyzed, the meteor speed, location and spatial distribution.. the experimental results verify the correctness and feasibility of the meteor radar. To sum up, this paper first developed the hardware system of domestic meteor radar, the radar has Wide frequency band (which can cover all the foreign meteor radar working frequency), the control parameters can be configured flexibly. Although preliminary experimental results verify the feasibility and correctness of the design of the meteor radar, but the system is still need long-term observation parameters according to the problems in the future in the adjustment and perfection.

【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P185.82;TN959

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