【摘要】：渭河下游是典型的彎曲型河道,過去60年頻繁地發(fā)生自然裁彎,其觸發(fā)原因、形成過程和演變規(guī)律缺少深入的研究。渭河下游的裁彎是河灣橫向演變到一定階段后在汛期洪水沖刷作用下發(fā)生臨界突變,直接影響河道平面形態(tài)、上下游河床沖淤和局部河段的防洪安全�；谠陀^測、水沙數據(1960-2013)和遙感影像(1990-2015),分析了渭河下游裁彎事件的水沙條件、影響因素和裁彎時空演變過程及其原因。渭河下游發(fā)生的18次裁彎的主要原因是受三門峽建庫后渭河下游邊界條件的改變,包括潼關侵蝕基準面淤積抬高,凸岸邊灘及內側平原缺少粘性成分,抗沖性差,同時也受渭河下游來水來沙條件的變化及其高含沙洪水的影響。
[Abstract]:The lower reaches of Weihe River is a typical curved channel. Natural bending has occurred frequently in the past 60 years, and its trigger causes, formation process and evolution law are lack of in-depth study. The bending in the lower reaches of the Weihe River is a critical sudden change under the action of flood scour in flood season after the lateral evolution of the river bay to a certain stage, which directly affects the plane shape of the river, the scouring and silting of the upper and lower reaches of the river bed and the flood control safety of the local reach. Based on prototype observation, water and sediment data (1960 / 2013) and remote sensing images (1990 / 2015), the water and sediment conditions, influencing factors, temporal and spatial evolution process and causes of bending events in the lower reaches of Weihe River are analyzed. The main reason for the 18 times of bending in the lower reaches of the Weihe River is the change of the boundary conditions in the lower reaches of the Weihe River after the construction of the Sanmenxia Reservoir, including the siltation and elevation of the erosion datum of Tongguan, the lack of viscous components in the shoreline and the inner plain, and the poor scour resistance. At the same time, it is also affected by the change of the incoming water and sediment conditions in the lower reaches of the Weihe River and the flood with high sediment content.
【作者單位】： 長沙理工大學水利工程學院;水沙科學與水災害防治湖南省重點實驗室;黃河水利科學研究院;國際泥沙研究培訓中心;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(91547112,91647118) 國家國際科技合作專項(2014DFG72010) 湖南省教育廳資助科研項目(16B010) 黃河水利科學研究院院所長基金項目(HKY-JBYW-2016-03) 水沙科學與水災害防治湖南省重點實驗室基金項目(2016SS04)
【分類號】：TV147.1

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