【摘要】：系統(tǒng)梳理了20世紀中期以來國內外河流生態(tài)需水與生態(tài)調度的概念、方法、應用效果等,并針對黃河下游的現(xiàn)狀對這些研究的適用性和應用前景做了述評。通過分析指出,黃河下游的生態(tài)需水與生態(tài)調度研究已取得了一定進展,既界定了總體量值范圍,也考慮了不同水平年對應不同保證率下的流量過程。提出黃河下游生態(tài)需水與生態(tài)調度仍存在水文過程與生態(tài)系統(tǒng)作用關系尚未厘清、生態(tài)流量與水庫調度尺度存在差異、黃河下游水庫綜合利用任務較難協(xié)調、未來水沙變化等因素具有不確定性等問題。
[Abstract]:This paper systematically combs the concepts, methods and application effects of river ecological water demand and ecological dispatching at home and abroad since the middle of the 20th century, and reviews the applicability and application prospect of these studies in the light of the present situation in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Through the analysis, it is pointed out that some progress has been made in the study of ecological water demand and ecological dispatching in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which not only defines the overall value range, but also takes into account the flow process corresponding to different guarantee rates in different levels and years. It is pointed out that there are still some problems in the ecological water demand and ecological operation in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, such as the relationship between hydrological process and ecosystem, the difference between ecological flow and reservoir operation scale, the difficulty of coordinating the task of comprehensive utilization of reservoirs in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the uncertainty of water and sediment changes in the future.
【作者單位】： 清華大學水利水電工程系;黃河水利科學研究院水利部黃河泥沙重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金青年基金資助項目(51509102,51509103);國家自然科學基金重點基金資助項目(51539004) 水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(201501033);水利部“948”計劃項目(201505)
【分類號】：TV213.2

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