【摘要】：河北省農(nóng)村地區(qū)的飲水安全問題歷來嚴(yán)重。依據(jù)河北省農(nóng)村飲水不安全因素，結(jié)合國家決心改善農(nóng)村飲水狀況的政策方針，河北省農(nóng)村安全飲水工程應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。目前，國內(nèi)尚缺乏系統(tǒng)的農(nóng)村飲水現(xiàn)狀評(píng)價(jià)方法和農(nóng)村飲水安全保障機(jī)制，論文以調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)探討了農(nóng)村飲水現(xiàn)狀評(píng)價(jià)方法和農(nóng)村飲水安全保障機(jī)制。 從水源、供水方式、供水水質(zhì)、污水處理回用和水價(jià)制定等五方面，詳細(xì)描述了河北省各地區(qū)農(nóng)村飲水現(xiàn)狀，并從中提取有效數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)造性地選定了水質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀指數(shù)、水量現(xiàn)狀指數(shù)、方便程度現(xiàn)狀指數(shù)和保證率現(xiàn)狀指數(shù)作為河北省農(nóng)村飲水現(xiàn)狀評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)。首先確定各評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)所屬分項(xiàng)參數(shù)的對(duì)應(yīng)權(quán)重，運(yùn)用多因子綜合指數(shù)法計(jì)算得出各評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)的數(shù)值，然后對(duì)各評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)間的相對(duì)重要關(guān)系做出判斷，運(yùn)用模糊層次分析法計(jì)算得出各評(píng)價(jià)參數(shù)的對(duì)應(yīng)權(quán)重，最后再次運(yùn)用多因子綜合指數(shù)法計(jì)算得出河北省各地區(qū)農(nóng)村飲水現(xiàn)狀綜合指數(shù)，對(duì)河北省各地區(qū)農(nóng)村飲水現(xiàn)狀做出數(shù)字化表述。 以河北省各地區(qū)農(nóng)村自來水普及率表征其基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施完善水平，分析各地區(qū)人均GDP與各地區(qū)農(nóng)村自來水普及率的關(guān)聯(lián)性，發(fā)現(xiàn)各地區(qū)人均GDP與各地區(qū)農(nóng)村自來水普及率呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系，且各地區(qū)農(nóng)村水質(zhì)、水量現(xiàn)狀的優(yōu)劣與其自來水普及率成負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。綜合考慮各地區(qū)人均GDP與各地區(qū)農(nóng)村自來水普及率間相對(duì)超前、滯后關(guān)系，確定河北省各地區(qū)農(nóng)村資金扶持和政策傾斜的優(yōu)先等級(jí)。 對(duì)河北省農(nóng)村飲水現(xiàn)狀影響因素進(jìn)行敏感性分析，確定各項(xiàng)影響因素對(duì)于飲水現(xiàn)狀的敏感程度并將其劃分為三類，分別為：自然類、人為類、自然-人為類。根據(jù)敏感性分析結(jié)果可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，自然-人為類因素對(duì)于飲水現(xiàn)狀的敏感程度最高，，自然類因素次之，人為類因素再次，從哲學(xué)和生態(tài)學(xué)層面證明人類活動(dòng)應(yīng)主動(dòng)遵循自然規(guī)律。進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行工程屬性劃分，將河北省農(nóng)村安全飲水工程中各分項(xiàng)工程屬性劃分為三種，分別為：基礎(chǔ)性、延展性、伴隨性。依據(jù)敏感性分析結(jié)果和工程屬性劃分，確定河北省農(nóng)村安全飲水工程中各分項(xiàng)工程實(shí)施的優(yōu)先等級(jí)。 從解決農(nóng)村飲水安全問題的水質(zhì)、水量、方便程度、保證率以及長效運(yùn)行機(jī)制五方面入手，介紹了針對(duì)各種飲水安全問題的解決方案，系統(tǒng)論述了河北省農(nóng)村飲水安全保障機(jī)制，為河北省農(nóng)村安全飲水工程的實(shí)施提供了理論基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:The problem of drinking water safety in rural areas of Hebei Province has always been serious. According to the unsafe factors of rural drinking water in Hebei Province and the policy and policy of the state determined to improve the situation of rural drinking water, the rural safe drinking water project in Hebei Province emerges as the times require. At present, there is still a lack of systematic evaluation method of rural drinking water situation and rural drinking water safety guarantee mechanism in China. Based on the survey data, this paper discusses the evaluation method of rural drinking water situation and the mechanism of rural drinking water safety guarantee. This paper describes in detail the present situation of rural drinking water in Hebei Province from five aspects: water source, water supply mode, water supply quality, sewage treatment and reuse and water price setting, and creatively selects the present water quality index from which the effective data are extracted. The present situation index of water quantity, the present index of convenience and the index of guarantee rate are used as the evaluation parameters of rural drinking water in Hebei Province. Firstly, the corresponding weight of the sub-parameters to which each evaluation parameter belongs is determined, and the value of each evaluation parameter is calculated by using the multi-factor comprehensive index method, and then the relative important relationship among the evaluation parameters is judged. The corresponding weights of each evaluation parameter are calculated by fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the comprehensive index of rural drinking water in Hebei Province is calculated by using the multi-factor comprehensive index method again. This paper makes a digital expression of the present situation of rural drinking water in Hebei Province. The improvement level of infrastructure was represented by the penetration rate of rural tap water in Hebei Province, and the correlation between the per capita GDP of each region and the penetration rate of rural tap water in each region was analyzed. It is found that the per capita GDP of each region is positively correlated with the penetration rate of rural tap water in each region, and the present situation of rural water quality and water quantity in each region is negatively correlated with the penetration rate of tap water. Considering the relative advance and lag relationship between the per capita GDP of each region and the penetration rate of rural tap water in each region, the priority levels of rural financial support and policy tilt in Hebei Province are determined. Based on the sensitivity analysis of the influencing factors of drinking water in rural areas of Hebei Province, the sensitivity of each influencing factor to the present situation of drinking water was determined and divided into three categories: natural category, man-made category and natural-man-made category. According to the results of sensitivity analysis, it can be found that the natural and man-made factors are the most sensitive to the present situation of drinking water, followed by the natural factors, and the human factors are again, which proves that human activities should actively follow the laws of nature from the philosophical and ecological aspects. Further classification of engineering attributes is carried out, and each sub-project attribute of rural safe drinking water project in Hebei Province is divided into three categories: basic, extensibility and companionship. According to the results of sensitivity analysis and the division of engineering attributes, the priority level of each sub-project in rural safe drinking water project in Hebei Province is determined. Starting from five aspects of water quality, quantity, convenience, guarantee rate and long-term operation mechanism to solve the problem of drinking water safety in rural areas, this paper introduces the solutions to all kinds of drinking water safety problems. This paper systematically discusses the mechanism of rural drinking water safety guarantee in Hebei Province, which provides theoretical basis and technical support for the implementation of rural safe drinking water project in Hebei Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV213.4

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