【摘要】：隨著國(guó)家對(duì)于水利工程除險(xiǎn)加固及病害整治的重視，堤壩隱患的診斷已經(jīng)越來(lái)越迫切的需要出現(xiàn)更好的技術(shù)。在此背景之下，本文依托國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目“基于三維波電場(chǎng)耦合全息成像的堤壩隱患診斷技術(shù)研究”，試圖利用反射波這一特定波形對(duì)于堤壩隱患進(jìn)行成像分析。分別就各向同性及橫觀各向同性兩種介質(zhì)類型對(duì)于堤壩隱患診斷技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究：在各向同性的情況下，基于波速成像的原理開發(fā)出波速成像程序，通過(guò)建立數(shù)值計(jì)算模型來(lái)驗(yàn)證成像程序的準(zhǔn)確性，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行誤差分析；在橫觀各向同性情況下，利用反射波程序?qū)τ诘虊坞[患進(jìn)行正演模擬研究。 本文的主要工作如下： （1）對(duì)于堤壩的隱患進(jìn)行類型和成因分析，主要包括壩基隱患及壩體隱患，分析了含滲漏通道、含不密實(shí)區(qū)域兩種類型。通過(guò)對(duì)于土介質(zhì)和土石復(fù)合介質(zhì)兩種堤壩介質(zhì)類型來(lái)對(duì)于堤壩的波動(dòng)傳播特性進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)合工程實(shí)際，基于均質(zhì)和心墻兩種壩型提出了堤壩隱患的概化模型； （2）根據(jù)惠更斯原理、斯奈爾定律、費(fèi)馬原理、互易原理及Radon變換，改進(jìn)后的最短路徑射線追蹤算法等正演理論，結(jié)合最小二乘正交分解法求解線性方程組的反演理論，利用反射波建立了各向同性介質(zhì)堤壩隱患診斷的正、反演理論計(jì)算模型，并給出了程序編制及實(shí)現(xiàn)的具體過(guò)程； （3）利用所編程序?qū)τ诰|(zhì)和心墻兩種壩型在（不含隱患、含滲漏通道、含不密實(shí)區(qū)域）三種條件下進(jìn)行數(shù)值模型計(jì)算，分析反演圖像與理論模型的差異，通過(guò)均質(zhì)壩與心墻壩的對(duì)比、同種壩型內(nèi)部不同隱患的對(duì)比、剖面與立面之間的對(duì)比、走時(shí)差異的對(duì)比，來(lái)對(duì)正、反演模型的可行性及可靠性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證； （4）利用反射波基于射線追蹤原理及各向異性的波動(dòng)理論對(duì)于橫觀各向同性介質(zhì)堤壩隱患進(jìn)行正演分析，對(duì)于各向異性介質(zhì)的彈性波動(dòng)方程，橫觀各向同性介質(zhì)的Thomsen參數(shù)表征進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)合各向異性特征，利用非線性反演和聯(lián)合反演兩種方法對(duì)于橫觀各向同性介質(zhì)下的反演進(jìn)行分析； （5）利用基于橫觀各向同性介質(zhì)下的反射波成像技術(shù)建立理論模型進(jìn)行計(jì)算，，分別從同種波形在不同入射角度情況下、不同波形在同種入射角對(duì)于堤壩（均質(zhì)壩、心墻壩）隱患進(jìn)行了正演分析。
[Abstract]:With the national attention to the reinforcement of water conservancy projects and the treatment of diseases, it is more and more urgent to have better technology for the diagnosis of hidden troubles of dykes and dams. Under this background, based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, the paper attempts to analyze the hidden trouble of dyke with reflection wave, which is a specific wave, on the basis of the project of "three-dimensional wave electric field coupled holography diagnosis technology of dyke and dam hidden trouble". On the basis of isotropic and transversely isotropic media, the technology of dam hidden trouble diagnosis is studied. Under isotropic condition, a wave velocity imaging program based on the principle of wave velocity imaging is developed, which is based on the principle of wave velocity imaging, and the wave velocity imaging program is developed based on the principle of wave velocity imaging. The accuracy of the imaging program is verified by establishing the numerical calculation model, and the error analysis is carried out. Under the condition of transversely isotropic, the reflection wave program is used to simulate the hidden troubles of dykes and dams. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the types and causes of hidden troubles of dykes are analyzed, mainly including hidden dangers of dam foundation and dam body, and two types of seepage channels and uncompacted areas are analyzed. The wave propagation characteristics of dikes are studied by means of two types of dike media: soil medium and earth-rock composite medium. Combined with the engineering practice, a generalized model of dam hidden danger is put forward based on two types of dam types, namely homogeneous dam type and core wall dam type. (2) according to Huygens' principle, Snell's law, Fermat's principle, reciprocity principle and Radon transform, the improved shortest path ray tracing algorithm, etc. Combined with the inversion theory of solving linear equations by the least square orthogonal decomposition method, the positive and inverse theoretical calculation models for the diagnosis of hidden troubles in isotropic dikes are established by using the reflected wave, and the concrete process of programming and realization is given. (3) using the program to calculate the numerical model of the two dam types (without hidden danger, seepage channel and undense area), and analyze the difference between the inversion image and the theoretical model, and analyze the difference between the inversion image and the theoretical model in the condition of three kinds of conditions (no hidden danger, leakage channel and undense area). Through the comparison between homogeneous dam and core-wall dam, the comparison of different hidden dangers inside the same dam type, the comparison between section and facade, and the contrast of walk-time difference, the feasibility and reliability of the model are verified. (4) the reflection wave theory based on ray tracing and anisotropic wave theory is used to analyze the hidden trouble of dyke in transversely isotropic medium, and the elastic wave equation of anisotropic medium is analyzed. The characterization of Thomsen parameters for transversely isotropic media is analyzed. Combined with anisotropic characteristics, two methods of nonlinear inversion and joint inversion are used to analyze the inversion in transversely isotropic medium. (5) the reflection wave imaging technique based on transversely isotropic medium is used to establish the theoretical model to calculate the dike (homogeneous dam) at the same incident angle from the same waveform at different incident angles. The hidden trouble of core-wall dam is analyzed by forward modeling.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV698.1;P631.4

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