【摘要】：近年來泥石流災害頻發(fā),其暴發(fā)突然、破壞大,給人民的生命和財產安全帶來巨大隱患。我國飽受泥石流災害的侵擾,尤其是甘肅舟曲8.8特大泥石流災害震驚了世界,對該地區(qū)造成了毀滅性的破壞。自上世紀60年代始,我國已展開了關于泥石流的研究工作,在泥石流監(jiān)測預警、形成過程、災害治理技術等多方面取得了顯著的成績。但由于泥石流復雜的組分以及力學機制,使對于泥石流防治結構的研究較為困難。 本文以舟曲三眼峪泥石流災害治理為背景,指出導致防治結構損毀最主要的原因是泥石流中巨石沖擊破壞,對泥石流巨石沖擊作用進行研究�？偨Y泥石流防治體系的防治特點,利用非線性有限元軟件ANSYS/LS-DYNA對現有鋼構格柵壩在泥石流巨石沖擊作用下的抗沖擊性能加以研究。此外,在現有鋼構格柵壩防治性能的基礎上提出了帶支撐鋼構格柵壩這一改進防治結構,同樣利用LS-DYNA軟件對帶支撐鋼構格柵壩的抗泥石流沖擊性能進行分析,并與現有鋼構格柵壩的分析結果做出對比。 對現有鋼構格柵壩的研究結果表明：(1)作用在鋼構格柵壩上的沖擊力大小與被沖擊構件剛度密切相關,被沖擊構件剛度越大,結構受到的沖擊力越大；(2)現有鋼構格柵壩在沖擊作用下,沖擊作用部位、結構支座部位及梁柱節(jié)點部位響應較大,設計時應予以加強；(3)鋼構格柵壩不同位置遭受沖擊作用時結構響應完全不同,與沖擊力作用在梁柱節(jié)點時相比較,沖擊力作用在構件中部時結構整體響應明顯較小。 對帶支撐鋼構格柵壩的研究結果表明：(1)帶支撐鋼構格柵壩可以有效的減小泥石流巨石沖擊下結構的位移,就本文的帶支撐鋼構格柵壩而言,其在現有鋼構格柵壩基礎上位移減小了50%之多；(2)帶支撐鋼構格柵壩的柱底支反力會有所增大,個別柱腳支反力較原反力增加了1倍,工程設計時該類邊柱柱腳應適當予以加強；(3)選取支撐布置形式合理的帶支撐鋼構格柵壩能有效減小結構各單元應力,可使支撐作為耗能構件消耗沖擊作用能量,進而保護主體結構免受沖擊破壞。 以上研究結果為泥石流攔擋工程中鋼構格柵壩的設計提供了參考,為其應用于工程實踐奠定了基礎。
[Abstract]:In recent years, debris flow disasters occur frequently, which suddenly break out, and bring great hidden danger to people's life and property safety. China suffered from debris flow disasters, especially in Zhouqu, Gansu Province, which shocked the world and caused devastating damage to the region. Since the sixties of last century, China has carried out research work on debris flow, and has made remarkable achievements in monitoring and warning of debris flow, formation process, disaster management technology and so on. However, it is difficult to study the structure of debris flow prevention because of its complex composition and mechanical mechanism. Based on the disaster control of debris flow in Sanyanyu, Zhouqu, this paper points out that the main reason of preventing and controlling structural damage is the impact damage of rock boulder in debris flow, and studies the impact of rock boulder on debris flow. The characteristics of debris flow prevention and control system are summarized and the impact resistance of existing steel grille dams under the impact of debris flow boulders is studied by using nonlinear finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. In addition, based on the existing prevention and control performance of steel grid dam, the improved structure of steel grid dam with support is put forward, and the impact resistance of steel grid dam with support is also analyzed by using LS-DYNA software. The results are compared with the analysis results of the existing steel grid dams. The research results of the existing steel grid dams show that: (1) the impact force acting on the steel grid dam is closely related to the impact member stiffness, the larger the impact member stiffness is, the greater the impact force is; (2) under the impact action of the existing steel grille dam, the impact position, the structural support part and the Liang Zhu joint part should be strengthened in the design; (3) the structural response of steel grille dam is completely different when it is subjected to impact at different positions. Compared with the impact force acting on Liang Zhu node, the overall response of the structure is obviously smaller when the impact force is applied in the middle of the member. The results show that: (1) steel grid dam with support can effectively reduce the displacement of structure under debris flow boulder impact, as far as the steel grid dam with support is concerned in this paper, The displacement is reduced by as much as 50% on the existing steel grid dam foundation. (2) the reaction force of the column bottom of the steel grid dam with support will increase, and the reaction force of individual column foot will increase by 1 times compared with the original reaction force, so the side column foot should be strengthened properly in the engineering design; (3) the stress of every element of the structure can be effectively reduced by selecting the steel grid dam with reasonable bracing arrangement, which can make the bracing consume the energy of the energy dissipation, and then protect the main structure from the impact damage. The above results provide a reference for the design of steel grille dam in debris flow blocking project and lay a foundation for its application in engineering practice.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV312;TV649;P642.23

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