用水定額管理提升企業(yè)用水效率的機制及案例研究
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life, the foundation of economic development, social progress and ecological security. However, the shortage of water resources is the most important problem in our country at present. With the increase of population, the development of economy and society and the great change of natural environment, the contradiction between man and water is becoming more and more prominent. Industrial enterprises are the main departments of water resources utilization. It is of great significance to improve the utilization ratio of water resources scientifically and reasonably for saving water resources and preventing water environment pollution. This paper analyzes the role of water quota in improving the efficiency of water use in enterprises, and points out that the formulation and implementation of water quota can not only provide an important scientific basis for rational water use, water conservation and water management, but also be mandatory. The characteristics of drive, goal, and comprehensiveness. This paper compares the water quota management with other methods to improve the efficiency of water use, and analyzes the effectiveness of Shanghai water quota management in promoting the efficiency of water use. It is put forward that water quota management is the most effective method to improve the efficiency of water use in enterprises. According to the effect of water quota management on water use efficiency, this paper supplements the hypothesis of "efficiency offset total quantity", and puts forward that water use quota limits the minimum standard of efficiency and limits the fluctuation range of water use efficiency. It also provides the scientific basis for the hypothesis to predict the future water resources quantity and the trend of economic development. Based on the research of water quota management in China and the related work of water saving management in foreign countries, the water quota of plastic products industry and sewage treatment industry in Shanghai has been revised and compiled in this paper. Through the analysis of the current situation of water use in the plastic products industry in Shanghai, the distribution of questionnaires, the analysis of the data, and the establishment of the field investigation and consultation opinions of the enterprise experts, 3.45m3/t is used as the water quota value of plastic particles in Shanghai. For the wastewater treatment industry, two kinds of water use quota standards are established, which are 10.48 脳 10-4m3/m3 and 17.01 脳 10-4m3/m3, which are used in wastewater treatment plants with or without reclaimed water reuse system. The paper applies the hypothesis of "efficiency offset Total" to the water consumption of Shaber Foundation Innovation Plastics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., which is a typical enterprise with high water use efficiency and good water saving management in plastic products industry. Product total and unit product water consumption data are verified. The results show that the water quota management of the enterprise can effectively improve the efficiency of water use and bring economic, social and environmental benefits to the enterprise. The paper is funded by the key research project of philosophy and social sciences of the Ministry of Education, "the study of water-saving society". Some of the research results have been issued by the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of quality and Technology Supervision to become the Shanghai Local Standard "Water quota for Major Industrial products and its calculation methods" part 19: plastic products (plastic particles, Plastics) > (DB31/T478.19-2014), Water use quotas for major industrial products and their calculation methods part 21: sewage treatment industry (DB31/T478.21-2014).
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:TV213.4
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