【摘要】：開孔沉箱作為一種新型港口和海岸防護結構物自上世紀中葉被提出以來,因其具有消浪效果好且工程成本低等優(yōu)點,已得到廣泛的科學研究和工程應用。就目前的研究成果來看,對于波浪與開孔沉箱相互作用的物模試驗成果較為豐富,但是數值模擬研究特別是波浪與雙層開孔沉箱相互作用的數值模擬成果相對較少且數值方法較為單一,其中時域內準確地完成對自由水面的追蹤,是建立波浪與開孔沉箱相互作用數值模式過程中的難點問題之一。CLEAR-VOF方法的問世對于解決該問題提供了新的思路,這是本文進行數值計算依賴的關鍵手段。 本文首先利用三步有限元方法離散Navier-Stokes方程,并借助CLEAR-VOF方法、大渦模擬方法追蹤水體自由表面和模擬湍流效應,建立了二維數值波浪水槽,成功模擬了規(guī)則波的傳播。籍此研究了規(guī)則波作用下單層開孔沉箱的反射率和波浪總水平力,并與其他學者的物模試驗結果和數模結果進行了對比,吻合良好且規(guī)律性明顯,為波浪與開孔沉箱相互作用問題的研究探索了一種新的數值模式。 在此基礎上,本文進行了波浪與雙層開孔沉箱相互作用的數值試驗,分析了反射率和波峰總水平力比等指標,并與其他學者的物模試驗結果進行對比,吻合良好,進一步驗證了本文數值模式的可靠性。分析了總消浪室相對寬度、后消浪室相對寬度、波陡、相對水深和前開孔墻開孔率等無量綱量對波谷總水平力比的影響關系并成功擬合經驗關系式,指出雙層開孔沉箱波谷總水平力比主要受總消浪室相對寬度和相對水深的影響且大致呈現線性遞減關系。 最后以某工程為例,進行了實際尺度單層和雙層開孔沉箱結構物的驗證分析,表明本文所建數值模式在開孔沉箱工程設計和研究領域的適用性。
[Abstract]:As a new type of port and coastal protection structure, caisson has been widely studied and applied in engineering because of its good wave attenuation effect and low engineering cost since it was put forward in the middle of last century. According to the current research results, the results of the physical model tests on the interaction between waves and open-hole caisson are relatively rich. But the numerical simulation, especially the numerical simulation of the interaction between waves and double-layer caisson, is relatively few and the numerical method is relatively simple, in which the tracking of free water surface is completed accurately in time domain. It is one of the difficult problems in the process of establishing a numerical model of wave-open caisson interaction. The advent of CLEAR-VOF method provides a new way to solve this problem, which is the key means of numerical calculation in this paper. In this paper, the three-step finite element method is first used to discretize the Navier-Stokes equation. With the help of CLEAR-VOF method, the large eddy simulation method is used to track the free surface of the water body and to simulate the turbulent effect. The two-dimensional numerical wave flume is established and the regular wave propagation is successfully simulated. In this paper, the reflectivity and the total wave horizontal force of a single-layer open-hole caisson under the action of regular waves are studied, and the results are compared with those obtained by other scholars, and the results are in good agreement with those of the numerical models. A new numerical model is proposed for the study of the interaction between waves and open caisson. On this basis, the numerical experiments on the interaction between waves and double-layer caisson are carried out, and the reflectivity and the ratio of wave peak to total horizontal force are analyzed. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by other scholars. The reliability of the numerical model is further verified. The effects of dimensionless measures such as the relative width of the total wave suppression chamber, the relative width of the rear wave suppression chamber, the steep wave, the relative water depth and the opening ratio of the front hole wall on the total horizontal force ratio of the trough are analyzed and the empirical relations are fitted successfully. It is pointed out that the total horizontal force ratio of the double deck caisson is mainly affected by the relative width and the relative water depth of the total wave dissipating chamber and shows a linear decreasing relation. Finally, taking a project as an example, the verification and analysis of single-layer and double-layer open-hole caisson structures are carried out on a practical scale, which shows the applicability of the numerical model established in this paper in the field of engineering design and research of open-hole caissons.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U656.3;U652.3

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