巴丹吉林沙漠蘇木吉林湖區(qū)水分平衡研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-19 14:52
【摘要】：巴丹吉林沙漠位于阿拉善高原，關(guān)于湖水的來源及其水循環(huán)模式等問題是國內(nèi)外學(xué)者關(guān)注和研究的熱點(diǎn)，至今沒有達(dá)成定論。本文選取位于沙漠東南腹地被沙山環(huán)抱的蘇木吉林湖區(qū)為研究對象，以地表分水嶺為界，通過儀器的架設(shè)、實(shí)際勘察和資料分析，利用水量均衡法與數(shù)值模擬法對典型小流域進(jìn)行研究。 通過在蘇木吉林南湖岸邊建立的氣象站，測得2012年9月到2013年8月的蒸發(fā)量約為1261mm。利用Diver數(shù)據(jù)得到這期間南湖水位波動變幅為0.217m，南湖岸邊的地下水觀測孔水位波動變幅為0.179m。 利用水量均衡法，，采用阿拉善右旗多年平均降雨、蒸發(fā)量月分配比例，計(jì)算得到湖水的水位動態(tài)與水位波動變幅。結(jié)果表明，單靠分水嶺內(nèi)的降水不能支撐湖水與地下水的蒸發(fā)，深層地下水的補(bǔ)給是維持湖泊的重要原因。 把蘇木吉林湖區(qū)概化為具有三層含水層結(jié)構(gòu)的水文地質(zhì)模型，利用MDFLOW對蘇木吉林湖區(qū)進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定流的4種情景模擬。得到湖水蒸發(fā)強(qiáng)度的較合理范圍為1400～1600mm/a，深層地下水的水頭較合理范圍為1184.8～1185.3m。分析了相應(yīng)情景模型中，均衡項(xiàng)值的變化，說明湖水主要來源于潛水含水層側(cè)向補(bǔ)給，而潛水含水層的主要水量來源為第三層地下水的越流補(bǔ)給，即湖水主要來自于第三層含水層即深層地下水的越流補(bǔ)給。 在穩(wěn)定流模型基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行了非穩(wěn)定流周期模擬，設(shè)定4種周期情景模型。表明蒸發(fā)強(qiáng)度對湖水的年水位波動變幅影響最大；給水度、蒸發(fā)強(qiáng)度對地下水的年水位波動變幅影響較大。水量均衡法與數(shù)值模擬法得到的不同蒸發(fā)強(qiáng)度下的年水位波動變幅基本相等，但是關(guān)于最低、最高水位出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間，模擬法更接近實(shí)際。且模擬法可得到地下水的水位動態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The Badain Jilin Desert is located in the Alashan Plateau. The source of lake water and its water cycle model have been paid close attention to and studied by scholars at home and abroad, but no conclusion has been reached so far. In this paper, the Sumu Jilin Lake region located in the southeastern part of the desert surrounded by sand mountains is chosen as the research object, the surface watershed is taken as the boundary, the instrument is set up, the actual investigation and data analysis are carried out. The water balance method and numerical simulation method were used to study the typical small watersheds. The evaporation from September 2012 to August 2013 was estimated to be about 1 261 mm. through a weather station on the bank of South Lake in Jiangsu Province. According to Diver data, the fluctuation range of water level in Nanhu Lake is 0.217m, and the fluctuation range of groundwater observation hole is 0.179m. By using the method of water balance, adopting the annual average rainfall and the monthly distribution ratio of evaporation in Alashan right Banner, the water level dynamics and fluctuation amplitude of lake water are calculated. The results show that the precipitation in the watershed alone can not support the evaporation of lake water and groundwater, and the recharge of deep groundwater is an important reason for maintaining the lake. This paper generalizes the Jiangsu Jilin Lake region into a hydrogeological model with a three-layer aquifer structure, and uses MDFLOW to simulate four scenarios of the steady flow in the Jiangsu Jilin Lake region. The reasonable range of evaporation intensity of lake water is 1 400 ~ 1600mm / a and the reasonable range of water head of deep groundwater is 1184.8 ~ 1185.3m. The variation of equilibrium term in the corresponding scenario model is analyzed, which shows that the lake water mainly comes from the lateral recharge of the aquifer, and the main source of the water quantity of the aquifer is the overflowing recharge of the third layer of groundwater. That is, the lake water mainly comes from the third aquifer, the overflowing recharge of deep groundwater. Based on the steady flow model, the unsteady flow period simulation is carried out, and four kinds of periodic scenario models are set up. The results show that the evaporation intensity has the greatest influence on the fluctuation amplitude of the annual water level of the lake, and the water supply degree and evaporation intensity have a great influence on the fluctuation amplitude of the groundwater level. The fluctuation amplitude of annual water level under different evaporation intensity obtained by water equalization method and numerical simulation method is basically equal, but for the lowest and the highest water level, the simulation method is closer to the actual situation. The groundwater level dynamics can be obtained by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P333;P339
本文編號：2342675
[Abstract]:The Badain Jilin Desert is located in the Alashan Plateau. The source of lake water and its water cycle model have been paid close attention to and studied by scholars at home and abroad, but no conclusion has been reached so far. In this paper, the Sumu Jilin Lake region located in the southeastern part of the desert surrounded by sand mountains is chosen as the research object, the surface watershed is taken as the boundary, the instrument is set up, the actual investigation and data analysis are carried out. The water balance method and numerical simulation method were used to study the typical small watersheds. The evaporation from September 2012 to August 2013 was estimated to be about 1 261 mm. through a weather station on the bank of South Lake in Jiangsu Province. According to Diver data, the fluctuation range of water level in Nanhu Lake is 0.217m, and the fluctuation range of groundwater observation hole is 0.179m. By using the method of water balance, adopting the annual average rainfall and the monthly distribution ratio of evaporation in Alashan right Banner, the water level dynamics and fluctuation amplitude of lake water are calculated. The results show that the precipitation in the watershed alone can not support the evaporation of lake water and groundwater, and the recharge of deep groundwater is an important reason for maintaining the lake. This paper generalizes the Jiangsu Jilin Lake region into a hydrogeological model with a three-layer aquifer structure, and uses MDFLOW to simulate four scenarios of the steady flow in the Jiangsu Jilin Lake region. The reasonable range of evaporation intensity of lake water is 1 400 ~ 1600mm / a and the reasonable range of water head of deep groundwater is 1184.8 ~ 1185.3m. The variation of equilibrium term in the corresponding scenario model is analyzed, which shows that the lake water mainly comes from the lateral recharge of the aquifer, and the main source of the water quantity of the aquifer is the overflowing recharge of the third layer of groundwater. That is, the lake water mainly comes from the third aquifer, the overflowing recharge of deep groundwater. Based on the steady flow model, the unsteady flow period simulation is carried out, and four kinds of periodic scenario models are set up. The results show that the evaporation intensity has the greatest influence on the fluctuation amplitude of the annual water level of the lake, and the water supply degree and evaporation intensity have a great influence on the fluctuation amplitude of the groundwater level. The fluctuation amplitude of annual water level under different evaporation intensity obtained by water equalization method and numerical simulation method is basically equal, but for the lowest and the highest water level, the simulation method is closer to the actual situation. The groundwater level dynamics can be obtained by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P333;P339
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