【摘要】：根石走失一直是黃河壩岸中較為突出的工程問題,它直接影響著壩垛工程的基礎(chǔ)穩(wěn)定與整體安全,研究水流作用下的根石走失對(duì)實(shí)際工程中壩垛的設(shè)計(jì)具有重要意義。根石走失研究涉及到流固耦合與泥沙沖刷,本文基于計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件FLOW-3D,采用其中的GMO模型、泥沙模型與RNG k-?紊流模型建立了可用于計(jì)算根石走失的數(shù)值模型,對(duì)根石的沖揭走失與沖刷坍塌過程進(jìn)行了計(jì)算分析。為驗(yàn)證所選模型的正確性,分別對(duì)潰壩水流沖擊下游固定物塊和槽內(nèi)潰壩水流沖刷泥沙的模型試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算,數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算得到的水流和泥沙床面變化與物理模型試驗(yàn)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)吻合良好。然后,進(jìn)行了水流作用于立方體塊的數(shù)值試驗(yàn),將水流作用力的數(shù)值計(jì)算值與公式計(jì)算值進(jìn)行對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者基本一致。驗(yàn)證結(jié)果表明數(shù)值模型在水流、泥沙與水流作用力上計(jì)算準(zhǔn)確,可用于根石走失的數(shù)值模擬研究�；跀�(shù)值模型計(jì)算了實(shí)際壩垛工程的根石沖揭走失與沖刷坍塌過程,計(jì)算結(jié)果的分析表明,根石在走失的過程中與水流相互影響,壩垛周圍根石走失最嚴(yán)重的區(qū)域?yàn)閴吻邦^,上跨角次之,此兩處根石的主要受到水流拖曳力與上舉力的作用向下游運(yùn)動(dòng)。下跨角處根石走失程度較小,該處根石主要受到壩襠間的水流漩渦力作用脫離壩基,連壩段處部分根石受水流漩渦力作用向上游走失。沖刷坍塌的計(jì)算結(jié)果表明壩前頭處沖刷坑出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間最早,沖坑最深,隨著水流的持續(xù)淘刷沖坑向上跨角和下跨角區(qū)域發(fā)展,此兩處的沖刷坑深度相近,部分泥沙在壩襠間由于水流漩渦作用形成堆丘。本文研究結(jié)果表明,壩垛工程中容易出險(xiǎn)的部位為壩前頭和上跨角,實(shí)際工程中應(yīng)主要對(duì)該兩處進(jìn)行防沖加固。
[Abstract]:The root stone loss is always a prominent engineering problem in the Yellow River dam bank, which directly affects the foundation stability and overall safety of the dam stacking project. It is of great significance to study the root stone loss under the action of the water flow for the design of the dam stack in the actual project. The study of root rock loss involves fluid-solid coupling and sediment erosion. Based on the computational fluid dynamics software FLOW-3D, the GMO model, sediment model and RNG k-model are adopted in this paper. A numerical model for calculating the loss of root stone is established by turbulence model, and the process of flushing loss and erosion collapse of root stone is calculated and analyzed. In order to verify the correctness of the selected model, the model tests of the dam-break flow impinging on the downstream fixed block and the dam-break flow in the channel are calculated, respectively. The variation of water flow and sediment bed surface obtained by numerical simulation is in good agreement with the measured data of physical model test. Then, the numerical experiment of the flow acting on the cube block is carried out, and the numerical calculation value of the flow force is compared with the calculated value of the formula, and it is found that the two values are basically the same. The results show that the numerical model is accurate in the calculation of the flow, sediment and flow forces, and can be used in the numerical simulation of the root stone loss. Based on the numerical model, the root stone flushing and scouring collapse process of the actual dam stacking engineering is calculated. The analysis of the calculation results shows that the root stone interaction with the flow of water during the process of the root stone loss, the most serious area of the root stone loss around the dam stack is the front of the dam. The upper span angle is the second, and the two root stones are mainly moved downstream by the drag force and the upward lift force. The root stone at the bottom span angle is small, where the root stone is mainly separated from the dam foundation by the flow vortex force between the dam crotch, and some root stone at the connecting dam segment is lost upstream by the flow vortex force. The calculation results of scour collapse show that the scour pit at the front of the dam is the earliest, the scour pit is the deepest, and the depth of the scour pit is similar with the development of the upward span angle and the lower cross angle area of the water flow. Part of the sediment in the dam crotch is formed by the flow whirlpool. The results of this paper show that the dangerous parts of dam stacking project are the front of dam and the upper span angle, and the two places should be strengthened by anti-scour in actual engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV698;TV149.2

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本文編號(hào)：2338664