流域水文模型在山東省設計洪水計算中的適用性研究
[Abstract]:Flood forecasting is a series of processes that construct hydrological model according to the principle of runoff yield and confluence mechanism and simulate and forecast each characteristic element of flood in river basin. The reliability of flood forecasting is mainly based on the following two points: whether the simulated structure can reflect the physical process of runoff formation in the basin, and whether the parameter rate can be determined, tested and applied to meet the required precision standard. At present, the real-time flood forecast can only play a certain role in the short-term flood control, but for the middle and small river basins, the effective forecasting time is reduced because of the rapid confluence time. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the design flood control standards of key hydraulic structures in the basin, to estimate the scale of disasters, to reduce losses, and to carry out further design flood calculation. Applying the results of hydrological model forecast to the design flood calculation of river basin provides a new method for the calculation of design flood, and it should also become a big trend of hydrological forecast in the future. According to the condition of underlying surface, the main landforms of Shandong Province can be divided into three types: general hilly area, karst hilly area and general plain area. The typical watershed of Taihe river, Tianzhuang basin and Liuzhuang sluice basin are selected respectively. In this paper, according to the three kinds of river basins with different geomorphological forms, we carry out different models of runoff generation and confluence calculation, and do further research on the prediction of historical flood and design flood. Thus, a new idea of model generalization and design flood calculation is discussed. After analyzing the geographical conditions and climatic and hydrological data of the three basins mentioned above, three models, Xinanjiang model, water tank model and SCS model, are selected and the corresponding model structure is determined, and then relevant data are added to the basin to adjust the model parameters. The simulation and application of production and confluence were compared. On this basis, the feasibility of the three models in designing flood forecast is analyzed. The results show that: 1, the accuracy of flood forecasting is limited by the short duration of flood data and uneven rainfall intensity. The simulation of three models for Taihe reservoir basin and Tianzhuang reservoir basin can only barely meet the relevant forecast standard, but for the Liuzhuang sluice basin in general plain, it can not meet the flood forecast requirements. 2. In the design flood calculation, In this paper, three kinds of models for determining the input rate of the designed rainfall data in different periods are compared with the design flood calculation results in Shandong Hydrological Atlas and the original design flood standards in the basin. The design flood results of Xin'anjiang model and SCS model are reliable, and the simulation results of water tank model are not good for Hong Feng's sudden change process.
【學位授予單位】:山東農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TV122;TV124
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