【摘要】：低揚程泵站的泵裝置效率問題一直是研究泵系統(tǒng)的重點和難點,本文從低揚程泵站的進、出水流道及斷流裝置入手,采用蝸殼形進、出水流道,并結合活動導流蓋斷流結構。通過理論分析與現(xiàn)場實施,證明在低揚程泵站中采用此設計是可行的,值得推廣和應用。 在低揚程泵站中采用新型蝸殼形進、出水流道,其原理在于：新型蝸殼形進水流道在保持流道寬度不變的條件下,將蝸殼段弧線曲率半徑適當加大,可加大吸水喇叭管直徑,減小蝸殼斷面及喇叭管下柱形斷面流速,改善水泵進口水流流態(tài),減少水力損失；新型蝸殼形出水流道在保持流道寬度不變的條件下,將蝸殼段弧線曲率半徑適當加大,可加大擴散管直徑,減小擴散管出口及蝸殼斷面流速,減少水力損失。嚴登豐教授通過模型試驗,得出在相同揚程條件下,采用優(yōu)秀水力模型、正常流道寬度、凈揚程5m左右時,D=0.3m模型泵裝置效率可提高3～5%,最高可達到79～80%,接近或達到平直流動的貫流泵裝置理想的效率指標。 相對于傳統(tǒng)斷流裝置中存在的開啟時水頭損失大、閉合時撞擊力大及開啟速度慢等問題,結合低揚程及特低揚程泵站采用新型蝸殼形進、出水流道,加上出水流道可配套采用新型斷流裝置——活動導流蓋,具有重要創(chuàng)新意義。活動導流蓋斷流結構具體結構為：于泵出口“倒置喇叭管”與泵站密封蓋板之間設置容重接近水容重的活動導流蓋,水泵正常運行時,導流蓋因動水壓力作用向上浮起,不產(chǎn)生附加水力損失；停泵后因自重力及喇叭管口水體吸力而下落并密閉止水。與現(xiàn)行常用斷流裝置相比,既具有節(jié)能意義,并可進一步減少、簡化泵站附屬設備,節(jié)約工程投資。 通過對新型活動導流蓋開啟及關閉的一系列力學分析,結合句容市發(fā)區(qū)焦家排澇泵站,通過現(xiàn)場實施,驗證蝸殼形進、出水流道配套活動導流蓋斷流裝置的新型結構在低揚程泵站中可安全、穩(wěn)定運行。
[Abstract]:The efficiency of pump device in low head pump station is always the key and difficult point in the research of pump system. This paper starts with the inlet, outlet passage and cut-off device of low head pump station, adopts the volute inlet and outlet passage, and combines with the disconnection structure of the movable diversion cover. Through theoretical analysis and field implementation, it is proved that it is feasible to adopt this design in low head pumping station, and it is worth popularizing and applying. A new type of volute inlet and outlet passage is adopted in the low lift pump station. The principle lies in that the diameter of the water absorption horn pipe can be increased by increasing the curvature radius of the spiral section of the volute section properly under the condition of keeping the width of the flow passage constant. Reducing the flow velocity of the volute section and the cylindrical section under the horn tube, improving the inlet water flow state of the pump and reducing the hydraulic loss; while keeping the width of the flow passage constant, the curvature radius of the spiral section of the volute can be appropriately increased. It can increase the diameter of the diffuser tube, reduce the velocity of the outlet of the diffuser tube and the cross section of the volute, and reduce the hydraulic loss. Professor Yan Dengfeng through the model test, under the same lift condition, adopts the excellent hydraulic model, the normal flow channel width, When the net lift is about 5 m, the efficiency of the DX 0.3m model pump device can be increased by 3 / 5, and the maximum can reach 79 / 80, which is close to or up to the ideal efficiency index of the straight flow tubular pump device. Compared with the problems such as large head loss in opening, large impact force and slow opening speed in closing, the new type of volute inlet and outlet passage are adopted in combination with low head and ultra-low head pumping station. It is of great significance to adopt a new type of cutoff device, the movable guided-cap, in the outlet channel. The concrete structure of the cutoff structure of the movable diversion cover is as follows: between the pump outlet "inverted horn pipe" and the sealing cover plate of the pump station, a movable diversion cover with a bulk density close to the water bulk density is arranged. When the pump is in normal operation, the diversion cover will float upward due to the action of dynamic water pressure. No additional hydraulic loss; after pump shutdown due to gravity and the water suction of the horn nozzle fall and seal the water. Compared with the commonly used cutoff device, it has the significance of saving energy, further reducing the auxiliary equipment of pump station and saving the project investment. Through a series of mechanical analysis of the opening and closing of the new type of movable diversion cover, combined with the Jiaojia drainage pump station in the development area of Jurong City, through the on-site implementation, the volute shape is verified. The new structure of the disconnection device of the outlet channel is safe and stable in the low head pump station.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV675;TV136.2

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本文編號：2272295