【摘要】：我國海域遼闊島嶼眾多,為了能夠較充分開發(fā)和利用我國的島嶼資源,利用跨海管道輸水來解決島嶼的淡水缺乏問題,是我們開發(fā)利用島嶼資源的必要條件之一。 跨海自適應(yīng)加壓供水管路系統(tǒng)具有適時加壓和高效節(jié)能的特點(diǎn)。本文首先較詳細(xì)的介紹了跨海供水管路自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和原理,通過與普通加壓泵站系統(tǒng)的比較,研究了自適應(yīng)加壓泵站系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能特性,對不同日用水過程線的水泵加壓的能耗過程進(jìn)行模擬計算和對比,分別繪制出了兩種加壓系統(tǒng)下水泵功率的日消耗過程線,分析了自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)在不同用水過程線情況下的節(jié)能效率,并且得到初步結(jié)果。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)用水過程波動較大、變頻恒壓壓強(qiáng)較低和低用水量時間段較長時,采用自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)可以更好地提高輸水系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能效果。 跨海自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)在瞬變切換過程中同樣面臨著水錘響應(yīng)的問題。本文運(yùn)用特征線數(shù)值模擬方法,首先對自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)在瞬變切換過程中的水錘響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了研究,包括在開泵和停泵過程中管道流量的瞬變和管內(nèi)壓力的波動情況；并且將自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)和普通泵站加壓系統(tǒng)的水錘模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,包括泵前和泵后管段流量變化的對比和管道內(nèi)壓力波動情況的對比；結(jié)果表明：在不利的工況下,自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)在開泵時可能出現(xiàn)瞬間的倒流情況,壓力波動情況與普通加壓系統(tǒng)類似；而在停泵時,自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)不管是泵前管段還是泵后管段,壓力波動幅度均低于普通加壓系統(tǒng),所以與普通加壓系統(tǒng)相比,在水錘響應(yīng)方面具有一定的優(yōu)勢。除此之外,本文通過比較在不同上下游水位差的情況下,兩種加壓系統(tǒng)的停泵水錘響應(yīng)特性,指出自適應(yīng)加壓系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢所在。最后本文還給出了水錘防護(hù)的常見措施和方法,并對調(diào)壓塔和空氣罐的水錘防護(hù)進(jìn)行了簡單的數(shù)值模擬研究,指出了空氣罐更適合跨海輸水管路的水錘防護(hù)。
[Abstract]:In order to fully exploit and utilize the island resources of our country, and to solve the problem of lack of fresh water in the islands by using cross-sea pipeline, it is one of the necessary conditions for us to develop and utilize the island resources. Cross-sea adaptive pressurized water supply pipeline system has the characteristics of timely pressurization and high efficiency and energy saving. In this paper, the basic structure and principle of the adaptive pressurization system for cross-sea water supply pipeline are introduced in detail, and the energy saving characteristics of the adaptive pressurized pumping station system are studied by comparing with the ordinary pressurized pumping station system. The energy consumption process of pump pressurized with different daily water use process lines is simulated and compared, and the daily consumption process lines of pump power under two kinds of pressurized systems are drawn respectively. The energy saving efficiency of the adaptive pressurized system under different water use process lines is analyzed, and the preliminary results are obtained. The results show that when the process of water use is fluctuating, the pressure of variable frequency constant pressure is low and the time period of low water consumption is longer, the energy saving effect of water conveyance system can be improved better by adopting adaptive pressurization system. In the transient switching process, the adaptive compression system across the sea also faces the problem of water hammer response. In this paper, the characteristic line numerical simulation method is used to study the water hammer response of the adaptive pressurized system in the transient switching process, including the transient flow of the pipeline and the fluctuation of the pressure in the pipe during the process of opening and stopping the pump. The water hammer simulation results of the adaptive pressurization system and the ordinary pump station are compared, including the comparison of the flow changes before and behind the pump and the pressure fluctuation in the pipeline. The results show that: under the unfavorable working conditions, The self-adaptive pressurization system may have a transient backflow situation when the pump is opened, and the pressure fluctuation is similar to that of the ordinary pressure system, while when the pump is stopped, the adaptive pressurization system, whether in the front section or the back section of the pump, is similar to that of the ordinary pressure system. The amplitude of pressure fluctuation is lower than that of ordinary pressure system, so it has some advantages in water hammer response compared with ordinary pressure system. In addition, by comparing the characteristics of water hammer response of two pressurized systems under different upstream and downstream water level differences, the advantages of adaptive pressurization system are pointed out. In the end, the common measures and methods of water hammer protection are given, and the simple numerical simulation of water hammer protection of air tank and surge tower is carried out. It is pointed out that air tank is more suitable for water hammer protection of water pipe across sea.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU991.3;TV67

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