【摘要】：為了保持電站“門前清”、減少粗沙過機以及防止壩前閘門淤堵，應對電站進水口前的沖沙漏斗形態(tài)進行研究。本文以阿爾塔什水庫為對象，針對不同水庫運行工況，研究了排沙洞的拉沙效果，研究了沖刷漏斗形態(tài)和沖沙歷時等。 首先，建立了阿爾塔什水庫壩前試驗模型，滿足幾何相似、水流運動相似和泥沙沖刷變形相似的原則，模型比尺1:150，正態(tài)模型。第二，在汛期，水庫保持排沙水位1770m運行，研究發(fā)電排沙分流比分別為1:0.73、1:1.13、1:1.56、1:3.13、0:695.8時的沖刷漏斗形態(tài)，并提出排沙水位下保持發(fā)電洞“門前清”的泄流流量與沖沙歷時，研究表明，關閉發(fā)電洞、開啟1#深孔排沙洞最大流量695.8m3/s，沖沙歷時16h，形成的沖沙漏斗能夠滿足發(fā)電洞“門前清”的要求。第三，在非汛期，水庫保持正常蓄水位1820m運行，研究發(fā)電排沙分流比分別為1:0.70、1:1.39、1:2.09時的沖刷漏斗形態(tài)，并提出正常蓄水位下保持發(fā)電洞“門前清”的泄流流量與沖沙歷時，研究表明，開啟兩個發(fā)電洞，每個發(fā)電洞流量為222.4m3/s，開啟1#深孔排沙洞最大流量928.6m3/s，沖沙歷時14h，形成的沖沙漏斗能夠滿足發(fā)電洞“門前清”的要求。第四，研究成果與類似工程試驗結果進行了對比分析，，表明本文試驗結果是合理的。
[Abstract]:In order to keep the "clear in front of the gate" of the power station, reduce the coarse sand passing through the machine and prevent the blockage of the gate in front of the dam, it is necessary to study the shape of the scour funnel in front of the inlet of the power station. Taking the Altash reservoir as the object, the sand pulling effect of the sand drainage tunnel, the shape of the scour funnel and the scouring duration are studied according to the different operation conditions of the reservoir. Firstly, the experimental model of Altash reservoir dam is established, which satisfies the principle of geometric similarity, similarity of flow movement and similarity of sediment scour deformation. The model is 1: 150, normal model. Secondly, during the flood season, the reservoir maintains the discharge water level at 1770 m, studies the scour funnel shape of the distribution ratio of power generation and sediment discharge is 1: 0.73: 11.13: 1: 1.5 6: 1: 3.131,0: 695.8, and puts forward that the discharge rate and sediment flushing duration of the power generation tunnel should be kept "clear in front of the gate" under the sand discharge water level. By closing the power generation tunnel and opening the maximum discharge of 695.8 m3 / s of the sand discharge tunnel in the deep hole of 1#, the sand washing lasted 16 hours, and the sand funnel formed could meet the requirement of "clear in front of the gate" of the power generation tunnel. Third, during the non-flood season, the reservoir maintains a normal water level of 1820m, studies the scour funnel pattern when the distribution ratio of power generation and sediment discharge is 1: 0.70 / 1: 1.39 / 1: 2.09, and puts forward the discharge flow and the duration of sand flushing at the gate of the power generation tunnel under the normal water level. The results show that the flow rate of each generation tunnel is 222.4 m3 / s, and the maximum discharge of 928.6 m3 / s is opened in the deep hole of 1#, and the scouring time is 14 h. The sand funnel formed can meet the requirement of "clear in front of the gate" of power generation tunnel. Fourthly, the research results are compared with the similar engineering test results, which show that the experimental results in this paper are reasonable.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV145;TV149.2

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