【摘要】：石羊河流域綜合治理自2006年3月啟動,2015年底治理措施基本完成。本文以2006年為界限,對石羊河流域綜合治理前后的地表水資源量、地下水資源量以及地下水埋深變化進(jìn)行評價和對比分析;進(jìn)行了平原區(qū)的地下水均衡計算;建立了武威盆地和民勤盆地地表水和地下水資源的系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)化模型;在治理實施后的水資源條件下,進(jìn)一步預(yù)測了地下水位的變化情況。對石羊河流域綜合治理在水資源方面取得的成效進(jìn)行評估,得到以下主要結(jié)論:(1)通過計算得出石羊河流域地表水資源量為15.63億m_3;多年平均(1980~2015年)地下水補(bǔ)給量11.91億m_3,地下水資源量9.57億m_3,地下水可開采量10.39億m_3。(2)通過對比分析得出:石羊河綜合治理實施后,地下水總補(bǔ)給量較治理前增加1.3%,排泄量較治理前減少17.6%,地下水資源量較治理前增加10.0%,蓄變量增加118.3%;石羊河流域綜合治理前武威盆地、民勤盆地地下水實際開采量均大于可開采量,超采系數(shù)分別為0.06、0.51,治理后武威盆地、民勤盆地實際開采量小于可開采量,超采問題得到緩解,這與地下水水位下降趨勢得到遏制相一致。(3)根據(jù)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)分析,得出2007-2015年地下水埋深變化情況:武威盆地的環(huán)河灌區(qū)、金羊井泉灌區(qū)地下水埋深減小,水位上升,其余地區(qū)水位下降;民勤盆地的泉山井泉灌區(qū)、湖區(qū)水庫灌區(qū)地下水埋深減小,地下水水位上升,其余地區(qū)水位下降。(4)對降水、徑流變化趨勢采用加法模型預(yù)估,通過建立的武威盆地水資源系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)化模型、民勤盆地水資源系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)化模型對2020年、2030年地下水位動態(tài)進(jìn)行預(yù)測,結(jié)果顯示:(1)武威盆地,地表水來水量保證率為P=25%、P=50%、P=75%時,2020年地下水水位變幅分別為0.238m、0.051m、-0.125m;2030年地下水水位變幅分別為0.214m、0.041m、-0.119m;(2)民勤盆地在現(xiàn)階段制定的控制方案下,2020年、2030年地下水水位變幅分別為0.474m、0.500m。
[Abstract]:Comprehensive management of Shiyang River Basin has been completed since March 2006. Taking 2006 as the limit, the paper evaluates and compares the changes of surface water resources, groundwater resources and groundwater depth before and after comprehensive management in Shiyang River Basin, and calculates the groundwater balance in plain area. A systematic transformation model of surface water and groundwater resources in Wuwei Basin and Minqin Basin is established, and the change of groundwater level is further predicted under the condition of water resources management. To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive management of water resources in the Shiyang River Basin, The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the amount of surface water resources in Shiyang River basin is 1.563 billion m / d; the annual average (1980 ~ 2015) groundwater supply is 1.191 billion m ~ (3), groundwater resource is 957 million m ~ (3), and groundwater exploitation is 1.039 billion m ~ (3). (2) After comprehensive management of Shiyang River was carried out, The total recharge of groundwater increased by 1.3%, the amount of excretion decreased 17.6%, the quantity of groundwater resources increased 10.0 and the storage variable increased 118.3%. The actual exploitation of groundwater in Minqin basin is greater than that of mining capacity, and the overproduction coefficient is 0.06 ~ 0.51, respectively. After harnessing the Wuwei basin, the actual exploitation amount of Minqin basin is less than the recoverable amount, and the overmining problem is alleviated. According to the analysis of monitoring data, the variation of groundwater depth from 2007 to 2015 is obtained. The groundwater depth in Huanhe Irrigation area and Jinyang Jingquan Irrigation area in Wuwei Basin decreases, and the water level rises. In Quanshan Jingquan Irrigation area of Minqin Basin, groundwater buried depth decreases, groundwater level rises in Lake Reservoir Irrigation area, and Water level in other areas decreases. (4) the trend of precipitation and runoff change is predicted by additive model. Based on the model of water resources system transformation in Wuwei Basin and the water resources system transformation model of Minqin Basin, the groundwater table dynamics in 2020 and 2030 are predicted. The results show that: (1) Wuwei Basin, When the guarantee rate of surface water inflow is P ~ (25) / P ~ (50) and P = 75m, the variation range of groundwater level in 2020 is 0.238 mU 0.051 m ~ (-1) -0.125 m; in 2030, the range of groundwater level is 0.214 m ~ 0.041 m ~ (-1) -0.119 m; (2) in the Minqin Basin, the range of groundwater level in 2020 is 0.474 m ~ (-1) 0.500 m under the current control scheme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV213.4;TV882.8

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