【摘要】：隨著中國(guó)水電資源開(kāi)發(fā)的推進(jìn),越來(lái)越多水電站修建于高山峽谷之中,受地形地貌的影響,大量水電站廠房布置于層狀巖體之中,定量分析層狀節(jié)理巖體地下廠房變形并評(píng)價(jià)其穩(wěn)定性成為亟需解決的重要課題。本文結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)及數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,分析不同密度層狀巖體對(duì)于地下廠房變形的影響。對(duì)多點(diǎn)位移計(jì)、聲波測(cè)試、微震監(jiān)測(cè)等多種監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行整理和歸納,從多角度揭示圍巖變形規(guī)律及內(nèi)部損傷情況。另外基于廠區(qū)工程地質(zhì)特性、地應(yīng)力實(shí)測(cè)資料,利用通用離散元程序UDEC對(duì)7~#機(jī)組典型剖面進(jìn)行數(shù)值分析,得到地下廠房開(kāi)挖后的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、塑性區(qū)、位移場(chǎng)分布規(guī)律,揭示圍巖潛在破壞區(qū)域。數(shù)值模擬與微震監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果共同表明:圍巖第Ⅵ層(高程815.40~809.00 m)開(kāi)挖時(shí),上游邊墻812 m高程位移增加最快,微震事件數(shù)量大幅增長(zhǎng)。水平向應(yīng)力卸荷程度大于豎向應(yīng)力卸荷程度;整體上主廠房上游側(cè)位移大于下游側(cè),最大變形出現(xiàn)在上游邊墻812 m高程附近,此處圍巖屈服深度最大,圍巖屈服集中區(qū)域與變形場(chǎng)分布基本一致,上游層狀節(jié)理比下游密集是造成上下游變形差異的主要原因。圍巖變形與層狀節(jié)理分布關(guān)系密切,開(kāi)挖活動(dòng)將引起圍巖層狀節(jié)理活化、巖體損傷、圍巖整體強(qiáng)度降低。開(kāi)挖強(qiáng)度越大,微震事件增加越快,變形越大。烏東德地下廠房變形機(jī)制的研究對(duì)其后續(xù)施工及其安全運(yùn)營(yíng)具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of hydropower resources in China, more and more hydropower stations are built in high mountains and canyons. Due to the influence of topography and landform, a large number of hydropower plants are arranged in layered rock mass. It is an important task to analyze quantitatively the deformation of layered jointed rock underground powerhouse and to evaluate its stability. Combined with field monitoring and numerical simulation results, the effect of layered rock mass with different densities on deformation of underground powerhouse is analyzed in this paper. The monitoring results of multi-point displacement meter, acoustic wave test and microseismic monitoring are summarized, and the deformation law and internal damage of surrounding rock are revealed from many angles. In addition, based on the engineering geological characteristics of the plant area and the measured data of in-situ stress, the numerical analysis of typical section of No. 7 unit is carried out by using the general discrete element program UDEC, and the distribution of stress field, plastic zone and displacement field after excavation of underground powerhouse is obtained. The potential damage area of surrounding rock is revealed. The results of numerical simulation and microseismic monitoring show that the displacement of 812 m elevation of the upstream sidewall increases fastest and the number of microseismic events increases significantly when the sixth layer of surrounding rock (815.40 ~ 809.00 m) is excavated. The horizontal stress unloading degree is greater than the vertical stress unloading degree, the upstream displacement of the main powerhouse is larger than the downstream side, and the maximum deformation occurs near the 812 m elevation of the upstream side wall, where the yield depth of the surrounding rock is the largest. The yield concentration area of surrounding rock is basically consistent with the distribution of deformation field, and the density of upstream layer joint ratio is the main reason for the deformation difference between upper and lower reaches. The deformation of surrounding rock is closely related to the distribution of layered joints. Excavation will lead to the activation of layered joints of surrounding rocks, the damage of rock mass and the decrease of the overall strength of surrounding rocks. The greater the excavation intensity, the faster the increase of microseismic events and the greater the deformation. The study of deformation mechanism of underground powerhouse in Udongde is of great significance for its subsequent construction and safe operation.
【作者單位】： 四川大學(xué)水力學(xué)與山區(qū)河流開(kāi)發(fā)保護(hù)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國(guó)長(zhǎng)江三峽集團(tuán)公司;
【基金】：國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2015CB057903) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目資助(51374149)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV731.6

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