【摘要】：黃河按地理位置及河流特征分為上、中、下游三段,河道長786km,落差94m,流域面積2.3萬km2。黃河下游河道是在長期排洪輸沙的過程中淤積塑造形成的,河床普遍高出兩岸地面,是海河和淮河流域的分水嶺。兩岸引黃區(qū)面積約3000萬畝,是我國目前最大的自流灌區(qū)。黃河下游洪水、沙量沿程減少,河道堤距及河槽形態(tài)具有上寬下窄的特點。 在黃河下游37+089-39+789和40+490-44+590兩段彎道處,主河槽順直,只是大堤彎曲,多年河勢順直且比較平穩(wěn),裁彎后有利于維持這種穩(wěn)定的河勢,避免發(fā)生漫灘洪水后因局部(此處兩個彎道的主河道長度僅為1900m和2400m左右)河道寬度突變(由突然變寬、再突然變窄,連續(xù)兩次交替變化)而誘發(fā)河勢異常變化,甚至引起下游河勢的不利變化。 堤防裁彎后,兩處彎道的堤防長度分別由原來的2700m和4100m’大約減短為1868m和2340m,大洪水時可將新堤作為防守重點,這就大大縮短了防守長度,并將原有堤防作為第二道屏障,必將大大提高防洪保安全的程度。 根據(jù)濟南市社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、創(chuàng)建全國水生態(tài)文明城市等需要以及歷城區(qū)社會經(jīng)濟狀況,利用張褚窩堤段盲腸堤段裁彎新修堤防與原大堤之間的空間修建沉沙條渠,利用埝頭堤段盲腸堤段裁彎新修堤防與原大堤之間的空間修建調(diào)蓄水庫。本文主要研究其的必要性以及技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟上的可行性。 通過濟南市及歷城區(qū)社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展情況、創(chuàng)建生態(tài)城市示范區(qū)對水的需求以及穩(wěn)定河勢等方面的分析,論述該堤段裁彎修建水庫的必要性；通過該堤段河道寬度、工程管理、發(fā)生大洪水的幾率以及地方政府對開發(fā)應用黃河水資源的態(tài)度,論述該堤段裁彎修建水庫的技術(shù)上的可行性；根據(jù)濟南市水資源及缺水情況分析及對用水戶的調(diào)查分析,進行供水量分析；通過對該河段河道情況、水源情況、引水條件分析,確定可引水天數(shù),并對黃河水質(zhì)進行分析；根據(jù)地形情況、引水條件確定裁彎新堤、沉沙池、調(diào)蓄水庫的布置及泵站、輸水涵管等配套建筑物規(guī)模和布置；進行工程占壓處理及移民安置規(guī)劃,對工程占壓處理進行投資估算；通過多年不同流量級洪水的河勢溜向分析,分別分析裁彎工程對黃河不漫灘水流、漫灘水流、河道過流量、灘區(qū)行洪及洪水位的影響,并確定消除其不利影響需要采取的工程措施；根據(jù)工程布置及建筑物進行投資估算,并通過分析其效益進行經(jīng)濟評價,論證經(jīng)濟上的可行性。 通過分析研究,為該堤段是否實施裁彎取直修建水庫工程提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The Yellow River is divided into upper and lower reaches according to its geographical location and river characteristics, with a length of 786 km, a drop of 94 m and a basin area of 23000 km 2. The lower reaches of the Yellow River are formed by silting in the process of discharging flood and sediment for a long time. The riverbed is generally high above the surface of both banks and is the watershed between the Haihe River and the Huaihe River Basin. The area of the Yellow River diversion area is about 30 million mu, is the largest self-flow irrigation area. In the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the amount of sediment is reduced, and the channel dike distance and channel shape have the characteristics of upper width and narrowness. At the bends of sections 37 089-39 789 and 40 490-44 590 in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the main channel is straight, but the embankment is bent, and the river regime is straight and steady for many years. To avoid causing abnormal changes in river regime due to abrupt changes in channel width (sudden widening, then suddenly narrowing, two consecutive alternations) due to local (the length of the main channel of the two bends is only about 1900 m and 2400 m) after flood flooding, It even causes adverse changes in the river regime downstream. After cutting and bending, the dike length of the two bends was reduced from 2700m and 4100m'to about 1868m and 2340mrespectively. The new embankment can be used as the defense focal point during the flood, which greatly shortens the defensive length and takes the original embankment as the second barrier. It will greatly improve the degree of flood control and safety. According to the social and economic development of Jinan City, the need of establishing a national water ecological civilization city and the social and economic situation of Liicheng District, a sand sinking canal is built by using the space between the new section of the caecum section of Zhangchuwo dike and the original dike. The storage reservoir is constructed by using the space between the newly repaired dike and the original embankment in the cecal section of the head dyke. This article mainly studies its necessity as well as the technical, the economical feasibility. Based on the social and economic development of Jinan City and Liicheng District, this paper analyzes the demand for water and the stabilization of river regime in the demonstration area of ecological city, and discusses the necessity of constructing reservoir in this section, the river channel width of this section, the engineering management, etc. The probability of flood and the attitude of the local government to the development and application of the Yellow River water resources are discussed in this paper, the technical feasibility of constructing the reservoir in this section is discussed, according to the analysis of the water resources and water shortage in Jinan and the investigation and analysis of the water users, Through the analysis of the river channel, the water source and the water diversion condition, the days of diversion are determined, and the water quality of the Yellow River is analyzed. According to the topographic conditions, the diversion conditions are determined to cut the new dike, sand sink, Layout and layout of the reservoir, pumping station, culvert pipe and other supporting buildings; construction pressure treatment and resettlement planning; investment estimation of project pressure treatment; analysis of river regime of flood with different discharge levels for many years, This paper analyzes the influence of the cutting and bending project on the flow of the Yellow River unfloodplain, the flow over the channel, the flood discharge and the flood level in the beach area, and determines the engineering measures to be taken to eliminate the adverse effects, and estimates the investment according to the project layout and the buildings. And through analyzing its benefit carries on the economic appraisal, proves the economic feasibility. Through the analysis and research, it provides the theoretical basis for whether the embankment should be constructed directly by cutting and bending.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV62

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本文編號：2163355