一庫多級式梯級庫群短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度及并行計算研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-28 16:23
【摘要】：作為優(yōu)質(zhì)清潔能源,水電具有顯著的調(diào)峰調(diào)頻優(yōu)勢,在我國近十年來得到了空前發(fā)展。為了最大限度地利用水頭優(yōu)勢,增發(fā)水電電量,我國梯級流域特別是中小流域大多采用一庫多級式開發(fā)方式,這些梯級電站群的特點是以調(diào)節(jié)性能較好(如多年、年、季調(diào)節(jié))、庫容較大的大型水電站做為龍頭水電站,下游往往具有一級或多級高水頭小庫容、調(diào)節(jié)能力較差的水電群。梯級電站優(yōu)化調(diào)度過程中,依靠龍頭電站的補償調(diào)節(jié)作用,一庫多級式梯級可以在不增加工程規(guī)模的條件下顯著增加整個梯級的保證出力和發(fā)電量,同時合理的調(diào)度方式可以使梯級電站具有更好的調(diào)峰調(diào)頻效果,顯著改善電源質(zhì)量。研究一庫多級式梯級電站群優(yōu)化調(diào)度方式對電網(wǎng)安全、穩(wěn)定、高效運行具有重要的意義。然而一庫多級梯級短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度面臨計算電站數(shù)目較多、上下游電站間存在嚴(yán)格的水力電力聯(lián)系及復(fù)雜的流量滯時關(guān)系等問題,使得計算求解異常復(fù)雜。結(jié)合實際工程,本文從梯級滯時關(guān)系推求、給定復(fù)雜約束的優(yōu)化調(diào)度及通過并行提高求解效率等方面進行深入研究,主要內(nèi)容包括：(1)上下游電站間流量滯時是影響梯級電站群短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度中水量計算及調(diào)度結(jié)果合理性的重要因素。闡述了上下游電站滯時關(guān)系的常規(guī)推求方法,以馬斯京根法為基礎(chǔ),以流量動態(tài)滯時為目標(biāo),構(gòu)建了三段流量滯時關(guān)系曲線模擬模型,同時采用最小二乘法對模型參數(shù)進行求解,以沙溪流域安砂與貢川電站梯級的豐平枯實際資料進行計算、分析和驗證,計算結(jié)果表明該方法的合理性和實用性。(2)一庫多級式水電站群短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度是研究調(diào)度期較短時間內(nèi)逐時段各水電站最優(yōu)蓄放水策略與負(fù)荷分配方案,以達到梯級總效益最大的目標(biāo)。該方案有利于協(xié)調(diào)電網(wǎng)和梯級電站之間的關(guān)系,維持電網(wǎng)的安全、穩(wěn)定運行。在充分分析一庫多級式梯級電站之間水力電力聯(lián)系的基礎(chǔ)上,通過考慮峰谷電價因素,分別建立了給定負(fù)荷過程的梯級蓄能最大模型和基于分時電價的梯級發(fā)電效益最大模型,利用POA對模型進行求解。以沙溪流域梯級電站群為例進行了仿真計算,結(jié)果表明了模型的合理性及方法的有效性。(3)粒子群優(yōu)化算法是求解梯級電站群優(yōu)化調(diào)度問題的經(jīng)典優(yōu)化方法,但是在求解大規(guī)模電站群短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度時,計算量較大導(dǎo)致計算耗時過長,無法滿足實際需求。利用Fork/Join多核并行框架設(shè)計實現(xiàn)了一種基于粒子群算法的并行計算方法對一庫多級式梯級電站群短期發(fā)電量最大模型進行優(yōu)化求解。以沙溪梯級電站群為例進行了仿真計算,結(jié)果表明了多核并行粒子群算法可以顯著提高計算效率,大幅度縮減計算耗時,為一庫多級式梯級庫群短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度的求解提供了技術(shù)參考。最后對一庫多級式梯級電站群短期優(yōu)化調(diào)度并行算法研究進行了總結(jié)和展望。
[Abstract]:As a high quality clean energy, hydropower has the advantage of peak shaving and frequency modulation, and has been developed unprecedented in recent ten years. In order to maximize the advantages of water head and increase the power supply of hydropower, most of the cascade watersheds in China, especially in the middle and small watersheds, adopt the multi-stage development mode of one reservoir. The characteristics of these cascade power stations are that they have better regulating performance (for example, for many years). The large hydropower stations with larger reservoir capacity are the leading hydropower stations, and the lower reaches often have a small reservoir with one or more high water heads and a poor regulating capacity. In the process of optimal dispatching of cascade power stations, depending on the compensation and regulation function of the leading power stations, the multi-stage cascade of a reservoir can significantly increase the guaranteed output and power generation of the whole cascade without increasing the scale of the project. At the same time, the reasonable dispatching mode can make the cascade power station have better peak-modulation effect and improve the quality of power supply. It is of great significance to study the optimal dispatching mode of a multistage cascade power station group for the safe, stable and efficient operation of the power network. However, the number of power stations is large, the relationship between upstream and downstream power stations is strict and the time delay of flow is complex, which makes the calculation and solution very complicated. Combined with the actual engineering, this paper makes a deep research on the relationship between the cascade delay and time delay, the optimal scheduling of given complex constraints, and the parallel improvement of the efficiency of the solution, and so on. The main contents are as follows: (1) the lag time of flow between upstream and downstream power stations is an important factor that affects the calculation of water quantity and the rationality of dispatching results in the short-term optimal operation of cascade power stations. In this paper, the conventional calculation method of time-lag relationship of upstream and downstream power stations is described. Based on Muskinggen method and the target of flow dynamic time-lag, a simulation model of three-stage flow time-lag curve is established. At the same time, the model parameters are solved by the least square method, and the actual data of sand in Shaxi basin and Fengping and withered in Gongchuan Hydropower Station are calculated, analyzed and verified. The calculation results show that the method is reasonable and practical. (2) Short-term optimal dispatching of multi-stage hydropower station group in a reservoir is to study the optimal water storage and discharge strategy and load distribution scheme for each hydropower station in a short period of time in a relatively short period of time. In order to achieve the maximum overall benefit of the step goal. This scheme is helpful to coordinate the relationship between grid and cascade power station, and to maintain the safety and stability of power grid. On the basis of fully analyzing the relationship between hydraulic and electric power of a multistage cascade power station, the maximum model of cascade energy storage for a given load process and the maximum benefit model of cascade generation based on time-sharing price are established by considering the factors of peak and valley electricity price. The model is solved by POA. The simulation results show that the model is reasonable and the method is effective. (3) PSO is a classical optimization method to solve the optimal scheduling problem of cascade hydropower stations. However, in solving the short-term optimal dispatching of large scale power station group, the large amount of calculation results in the time-consuming calculation, which can not meet the actual demand. A parallel computing method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is designed and implemented by using Fork/Join multi-core parallel framework to solve the short-term maximum power generation model of a multistage cascade power station group. Taking Shaxi cascade hydropower station as an example, the simulation results show that the multi-core parallel particle swarm optimization algorithm can significantly improve the computational efficiency and greatly reduce the computation time. It provides a technical reference for solving the short-term optimal scheduling of a multi-level cascade library group. In the end, the parallel algorithm for short-term optimal dispatching of a multi-stage cascade hydropower station group is summarized and prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TV697.12;TV737
本文編號：2150869
[Abstract]:As a high quality clean energy, hydropower has the advantage of peak shaving and frequency modulation, and has been developed unprecedented in recent ten years. In order to maximize the advantages of water head and increase the power supply of hydropower, most of the cascade watersheds in China, especially in the middle and small watersheds, adopt the multi-stage development mode of one reservoir. The characteristics of these cascade power stations are that they have better regulating performance (for example, for many years). The large hydropower stations with larger reservoir capacity are the leading hydropower stations, and the lower reaches often have a small reservoir with one or more high water heads and a poor regulating capacity. In the process of optimal dispatching of cascade power stations, depending on the compensation and regulation function of the leading power stations, the multi-stage cascade of a reservoir can significantly increase the guaranteed output and power generation of the whole cascade without increasing the scale of the project. At the same time, the reasonable dispatching mode can make the cascade power station have better peak-modulation effect and improve the quality of power supply. It is of great significance to study the optimal dispatching mode of a multistage cascade power station group for the safe, stable and efficient operation of the power network. However, the number of power stations is large, the relationship between upstream and downstream power stations is strict and the time delay of flow is complex, which makes the calculation and solution very complicated. Combined with the actual engineering, this paper makes a deep research on the relationship between the cascade delay and time delay, the optimal scheduling of given complex constraints, and the parallel improvement of the efficiency of the solution, and so on. The main contents are as follows: (1) the lag time of flow between upstream and downstream power stations is an important factor that affects the calculation of water quantity and the rationality of dispatching results in the short-term optimal operation of cascade power stations. In this paper, the conventional calculation method of time-lag relationship of upstream and downstream power stations is described. Based on Muskinggen method and the target of flow dynamic time-lag, a simulation model of three-stage flow time-lag curve is established. At the same time, the model parameters are solved by the least square method, and the actual data of sand in Shaxi basin and Fengping and withered in Gongchuan Hydropower Station are calculated, analyzed and verified. The calculation results show that the method is reasonable and practical. (2) Short-term optimal dispatching of multi-stage hydropower station group in a reservoir is to study the optimal water storage and discharge strategy and load distribution scheme for each hydropower station in a short period of time in a relatively short period of time. In order to achieve the maximum overall benefit of the step goal. This scheme is helpful to coordinate the relationship between grid and cascade power station, and to maintain the safety and stability of power grid. On the basis of fully analyzing the relationship between hydraulic and electric power of a multistage cascade power station, the maximum model of cascade energy storage for a given load process and the maximum benefit model of cascade generation based on time-sharing price are established by considering the factors of peak and valley electricity price. The model is solved by POA. The simulation results show that the model is reasonable and the method is effective. (3) PSO is a classical optimization method to solve the optimal scheduling problem of cascade hydropower stations. However, in solving the short-term optimal dispatching of large scale power station group, the large amount of calculation results in the time-consuming calculation, which can not meet the actual demand. A parallel computing method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is designed and implemented by using Fork/Join multi-core parallel framework to solve the short-term maximum power generation model of a multistage cascade power station group. Taking Shaxi cascade hydropower station as an example, the simulation results show that the multi-core parallel particle swarm optimization algorithm can significantly improve the computational efficiency and greatly reduce the computation time. It provides a technical reference for solving the short-term optimal scheduling of a multi-level cascade library group. In the end, the parallel algorithm for short-term optimal dispatching of a multi-stage cascade hydropower station group is summarized and prospected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TV697.12;TV737
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 葉其革;張嵐;樊冬梅;;智能變電站多層數(shù)據(jù)交換調(diào)度優(yōu)化方法研究[J];自動化與儀器儀表;2017年08期
，本文編號：2150869
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