本文選題：可可西里 + 卓乃湖��； 參考：《冰川凍土》2016年02期

【摘要】：受青藏高原暖濕化趨勢(shì)的影響,近年來(lái)高原湖泊水位普遍上漲,湖泊潰堤時(shí)有發(fā)生.利用青藏高原可可西里卓乃湖、庫(kù)賽湖、海丁諾爾湖和鹽湖所在區(qū)域的TM(ETM+)等歷史文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)和環(huán)境減災(zāi)衛(wèi)星(HJ1A/B)CCD數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合五道梁氣象站氣溫、降水資料,分析了卓乃湖周邊湖泊面積變化情況.結(jié)果表明:1961-2014年近54 a來(lái),可可西里地區(qū)持續(xù)增加的降水是卓乃湖潰堤的基礎(chǔ),2011年8月22日之前的兩次強(qiáng)降水過(guò)程和之后的持續(xù)降水是導(dǎo)致卓乃湖湖水大量外泄,并最終潰堤的主要原因;潰堤前的兩次地震可能對(duì)卓乃湖的湖盆結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生了一定的影響,從而加速了潰堤過(guò)程.潰堤導(dǎo)致湖岸線退縮,并產(chǎn)生大片的沙化土地,惡化了藏羚羊的產(chǎn)仔環(huán)境,對(duì)周邊草地生態(tài)環(huán)境和重大工程設(shè)施產(chǎn)生了不利影響.
[Abstract]:Under the influence of the trend of warm and humidity in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the water level of the plateau lake has generally risen in recent years, and the lake break has occurred from time to time. Using historical literature data such as Hoh Xili Zhuonai Lake, Kusai Lake, Haidinor Lake and Salt Lake area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and environmental disaster reduction satellite (HJ1A / B) CCD data, combined with temperature and precipitation data at Wudaoliang weather station, The changes of lake area around Zhuonai Lake are analyzed. The results show that in the past 54 years from 1961 to 2014, the continuous increase of precipitation in Hoh Xili area is the basis for the breakwater break of Zhuonai Lake. The two heavy precipitation processes before August 22, 2011 and the continuous precipitation after August 22, 2011 resulted in a large amount of water release from Zhuonai Lake. Finally, the main cause of the breakage; the two earthquakes before the breakup may have a certain impact on the structure of the lake basin of Zhuonai Lake, thus speeding up the breakup process. The break of the levee caused the receding of the lake-shore line and produced a large area of desertified land which worsened the litter production environment of the Tibetan antelope and adversely affected the ecological environment of the surrounding grassland and major engineering facilities.
【作者單位】： 蘭州大學(xué)草地農(nóng)業(yè)科技學(xué)院;青海省氣象科學(xué)研究所;甘肅省科學(xué)院自然能源研究所;青海省水文水資源勘測(cè)局;
【基金】：長(zhǎng)江學(xué)者和創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(IRT13019) 國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)部科技項(xiàng)目(201203006) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41261004)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV871
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本文編號(hào)：2054355