本文選題：自適應(yīng)網(wǎng)格 + 淺水方程��； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：湖泊是地球水循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,在人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響下,城市湖泊的水文過(guò)程以及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)同自然狀態(tài)相比均發(fā)生了深刻的變化。研究自然環(huán)境與人類(lèi)活動(dòng)等多重影響因素驅(qū)動(dòng)下的湖泊水循環(huán)系統(tǒng)演變過(guò)程,分析不同水-陸、水-氣、湖泊底質(zhì)等約束條件下湖泊流場(chǎng)的分布形態(tài),探索湖泊水體的時(shí)空運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,進(jìn)而為湖泊水環(huán)境治理、湖泊水生態(tài)調(diào)控與改善、大型湖泊水網(wǎng)連通工程優(yōu)化調(diào)度提供科學(xué)依據(jù),共同組成了一項(xiàng)重要且迫切的研究命題,建立湖泊流場(chǎng)水動(dòng)力數(shù)學(xué)模型、準(zhǔn)確高效地模擬湖泊水體運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程正是完成這一研究命題的重要途徑。然而,我國(guó)在湖泊水動(dòng)力水質(zhì)高效模擬方面的研究還不夠系統(tǒng)和深入,難以為湖泊水質(zhì)改善、水生態(tài)修復(fù)提供有效的決策依據(jù),無(wú)法為我國(guó)日益嚴(yán)重的城市水環(huán)境劣化問(wèn)題提供有效的技術(shù)支撐。因此,亟需在湖泊流場(chǎng)水動(dòng)力數(shù)值模擬方面開(kāi)展深入研究,建立一套高效穩(wěn)定的湖泊流場(chǎng)數(shù)值計(jì)算模型,揭示復(fù)雜邊界條件下大型湖泊群的水動(dòng)力學(xué)特性,為水資源管理機(jī)構(gòu)制定水生態(tài)修復(fù)調(diào)度決策方案提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 本文以連通湖泊群為研究對(duì)象,基于淺水動(dòng)力學(xué)理論建立了適用于不規(guī)則水陸約束條件和復(fù)雜地形條件下的湖泊水體高性能二維數(shù)學(xué)模型,分析了不同自然環(huán)境因素以及不同人工調(diào)度引水策略下的湖泊水動(dòng)力學(xué)特性,并以武漢大東湖湖泊群為實(shí)例研究區(qū)域分析了各湖泊內(nèi)的水體運(yùn)動(dòng)特征以及主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力,探討了提高滯水區(qū)水體更新速率的有效方法,相關(guān)成果應(yīng)用于水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專(zhuān)項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)項(xiàng)目“大東湖水網(wǎng)調(diào)度關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究及應(yīng)用”中。本文主要研究工作及創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)包括： (1)建立了一套結(jié)構(gòu)靈活的自適應(yīng)網(wǎng)格模型,提出了網(wǎng)格自適應(yīng)變化準(zhǔn)則,依據(jù)局部水流運(yùn)動(dòng)特征,動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整計(jì)算網(wǎng)格密度,實(shí)現(xiàn)了計(jì)算精度與計(jì)算效率的平衡,有效解決了大型湖泊計(jì)算耗時(shí)與高精度流場(chǎng)數(shù)值分析的矛盾。 (2)基于結(jié)構(gòu)網(wǎng)格模型提出了一種針對(duì)二維淺水方程的簡(jiǎn)單和諧數(shù)值格式。針對(duì)二維淺水方程求解過(guò)程中傳統(tǒng)的底坡項(xiàng)近似方法及通量計(jì)算格式在處理干濕界面時(shí)存在虛假流動(dòng)的問(wèn)題,提出了一種便捷的和諧格式,通過(guò)理論推導(dǎo)與測(cè)試算例,驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值格式的靜水和諧性,能夠穩(wěn)定高效地模擬包含動(dòng)態(tài)干濕界面的水體運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程。 (3)運(yùn)用一系列國(guó)內(nèi)外廣泛使用的經(jīng)典理論算例與室內(nèi)觀測(cè)試驗(yàn)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)地測(cè)試檢驗(yàn)。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,數(shù)值模型具有良好的靜水和諧性、水量守恒性、流態(tài)突變高分辨率捕捉、以及復(fù)雜邊界有效擬合等特點(diǎn)。 (4)分析了湖底形態(tài)、湖岸邊界形狀、表面風(fēng)應(yīng)力、湖泊初始水位、湖心島等因素對(duì)湖泊穩(wěn)定流場(chǎng)的建立時(shí)間、水深分布、流速分布等方面的影響。 (5)基于水動(dòng)力學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)模型構(gòu)建了大東湖湖流計(jì)算數(shù)值模型,對(duì)大東湖水域內(nèi)的水體運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行了模擬,分析了主要湖泊與子湖內(nèi)的水體運(yùn)動(dòng)特征以及不同環(huán)境驅(qū)動(dòng)力對(duì)湖泊流場(chǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)；結(jié)合各湖滯水區(qū)流場(chǎng)的主要?jiǎng)恿?提出了可提高湖泊滯水區(qū)內(nèi)水體流速的有效調(diào)度策略。
[Abstract]:Lake is an important part of the earth's water circulation system. Under the influence of human activity, the hydrological process and the ecosystem structure of the urban lakes have undergone profound changes compared with the natural state. The study of the evolution process of the lake poke water cycle system driven by the multiple factors such as natural environment and human activities, analyses the different water land. The distribution pattern of lake flow field under the constraints of water gas and lake bottom, explore the law of space-time movement of lake water, and then provide a scientific basis for lake water environment control, lake water ecological regulation and improvement, the optimization and scheduling of large lake water network connected engineering, together with an important and urgent research proposition, and the establishment of lake flow. The mathematical model of field hydrodynamic force is an important way to complete the study of lake water movement accurately and efficiently. However, the research on high efficiency simulation of water dynamic water quality in China is not systematic and in-depth. It is difficult to provide effective decision-making basis for the improvement of lake water quality and water ecological restoration, which can not be used for our country. Serious urban water environmental degradation provides effective technical support. Therefore, it is urgent to study the hydrodynamic numerical simulation of lake flow field, establish a set of efficient and stable numerical model of lake flow field, reveal the hydrodynamic characteristics of large lakes under complex boundary conditions, and formulate water ecology for water resource management institutions. It provides a scientific basis for the repair scheduling decision.
In this paper, based on the lake group as the research object, based on the theory of shallow water dynamics, a two-dimensional mathematical model for the high performance of lake water under the conditions of irregular water and land constraints and complex terrain is established, and the hydrodynamic characteristics of lakes under different natural environmental factors and different artificial dispatching strategies are analyzed, and the great east of Wuhan is given. The lake and lake group have analyzed the characteristics of water movement and the main driving force in the lakes for the case study. The effective methods to improve the water renewal rate in the stagnant water area are discussed. The related achievements are applied to the special fund project of the public welfare industry of the Ministry of water resources, "the research and application of the key technology of the dispatching of the water network in Dadong Lake". The work and innovation include:
(1) a set of adaptive mesh model with flexible structure is set up, and the adaptive change criterion of grid is put forward. According to the characteristics of local flow movement, the calculation grid density is dynamically adjusted. The balance of calculation precision and calculation efficiency is realized, and the contradiction between the time-consuming of large lakes calculation and the numerical analysis of high precision flow field is effectively solved.
(2) a simple and harmonious numerical scheme for two-dimensional shallow water equation is proposed based on the structural grid model. In the process of solving two-dimensional shallow water equation, the traditional bottom slope approximation method and the flux calculation format have the false flow problem in the dry and wet interface. A convenient and harmonious format is proposed, and the theoretical derivation and measurement are carried out. A trial example verifies the hydrostatic compatibility of the numerical scheme, which can simulate the movement process of water body containing dynamic dry wet interface efficiently and stably.
(3) the model is tested and tested systematically with a series of classical theoretical examples and indoor observation tests, which are widely used both at home and abroad. The results show that the numerical model has good static water harmony, water conservation, high resolution capture of flow mutation, and the effective fitting of complex boundary.
(4) the influence of the lake bottom shape, the shape of the lakeshore boundary, the surface wind stress, the initial water level of the lake, the lake Heart Island and other factors on the establishment time of the stable flow field, the distribution of water depth, the distribution of the flow velocity and so on.
(5) based on the hydrodynamic mathematical model, the numerical model of the great East Lake lake flow calculation is constructed, and the water movement in the great East Lake waters is simulated. The characteristics of the water movement in the main lakes and the lakes and the contribution of different environmental driving forces to the flow field of the Lake are analyzed. Effective scheduling strategy for water velocity in Lake stagnant area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TV131.2;P343.3

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