河工模型試驗(yàn)加糙方法綜述
本文選題:模型試驗(yàn) + 加糙方法。 參考:《南水北調(diào)與水利科技》2017年04期
【摘要】:原模型阻力相似是開展河工模型試驗(yàn)的基本要求,模型試驗(yàn)的糙率復(fù)核受目標(biāo)值、波動(dòng)幅值、模型材質(zhì)及研究重點(diǎn)等多因素的影響,選用合理的加糙手段可大幅提升試驗(yàn)效率和精度。為解決現(xiàn)階段河工模型試驗(yàn)中存在的加糙方法種類繁多、技術(shù)條件復(fù)雜、難以快速選擇適宜加糙方法的問(wèn)題,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外常用的加糙方法進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié),將加糙方法劃分為點(diǎn)塊型加糙、條帶型加糙和膜片型加糙三種方法。介紹了每種方法常用的加糙體,詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了各加糙方法的實(shí)現(xiàn)手段、優(yōu)點(diǎn)、不足以及糙率值的可調(diào)整范圍。草墊為代表的膜片型加糙可實(shí)現(xiàn)的糙率峰值達(dá)0.08以上,梅花十字板加糙可實(shí)現(xiàn)的糙率峰值約0.06,條帶型加糙可實(shí)現(xiàn)的糙率峰值約為0.04,粘貼尼龍網(wǎng)、玻璃膜以及密實(shí)加糙可實(shí)現(xiàn)的糙率峰值約為0.02,刨坑加糙方法基本不能提高模型表面糙率。給出了相應(yīng)的適用條件、加糙范圍及對(duì)水流結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,以及部分糙率計(jì)算方法,以期研究者可根據(jù)試驗(yàn)?zāi)康目焖贉?zhǔn)確地選取適宜的加糙方法,提高研究效率。
[Abstract]:The resistance similarity of the original model is the basic requirement of the river engineering model test. The roughness check of the model test is affected by many factors, such as target value, fluctuation amplitude, model material and research emphasis, etc. The test efficiency and precision can be greatly improved by selecting reasonable roughening methods. In order to solve the problem that there are many kinds of roughening methods and complicated technical conditions in the current river engineering model test, it is difficult to select suitable roughening methods quickly. This paper sums up and summarizes the commonly used roughening methods at home and abroad. The roughening method is divided into three methods: point block roughness, strip roughness and membrane roughness. In this paper, the common rough body of each method is introduced, and the means, advantages, disadvantages and adjustable range of roughness value of each method are described in detail. The peak value of roughness of membrane type, plum cross plate and strip type of straw mat was above 0.08, 0.06 and 0.04, respectively, and that of strip type was about 0.04, and the maximum value of roughness was about 0.04 in cross plate of plum blossom, and the peak value of roughness in strip type was about 0.04, and the maximum value of roughness was about 0.04. The maximum roughness of glass film and dense roughness is about 0.02, and the surface roughness of the model can not be improved by shaving method. The applicable conditions, the effect of the roughness range on the flow structure and the calculation method of partial roughness are given. It is hoped that the researchers can quickly and accurately select the appropriate roughening method according to the purpose of the experiment and improve the efficiency of the research.
【作者單位】: 中國(guó)水利水電科學(xué)研究院流域水循環(huán)模擬與調(diào)控國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國(guó)建筑股份有限公司;河南省南陽(yáng)市水文水資源勘測(cè)局;
【基金】:公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201501025) 中國(guó)水科院科研專項(xiàng)(HY0145B642017;HY0145B152015) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(51679263;51609265) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(2016YFC0401808)~~
【分類號(hào)】:TV131.61
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