本文選題：高原水庫(kù) + 松散壩基��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：西藏高原高山寬谷河流區(qū)是當(dāng)?shù)刂匾霓r(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)，由于其分布有深厚粗大的強(qiáng)滲透性沖洪積層，因此在這類地區(qū)興建水庫(kù)工程時(shí)，壩基滲漏問題常常存在規(guī)模大、投入高、設(shè)計(jì)施工技術(shù)復(fù)雜、防滲效果差等問題。在對(duì)以往的資料進(jìn)行查閱時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)不同地區(qū)很多水庫(kù)，在沒有增加任何附加防滲處理的情況下，經(jīng)過幾年的運(yùn)行，，壩基土體出現(xiàn)滲透性降低、滲漏問題明顯減弱等現(xiàn)象，且后期的水庫(kù)蓄水位可以達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。對(duì)此現(xiàn)象，作者所在課題組做了初步的探索、研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)壩基滲漏減弱過程中有淤堵現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生，且此現(xiàn)象對(duì)壩基土體的滲透性有重要影響。為此結(jié)合國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目“淤堵作用對(duì)高原水庫(kù)壩基松散介質(zhì)滲透性的影響及機(jī)理”（No.41072197），針對(duì)松散壩基土體的特殊性質(zhì)，結(jié)合土質(zhì)學(xué)、土力學(xué)、泥沙動(dòng)力學(xué)、水動(dòng)力學(xué)等多學(xué)科，利用自行研制的滲透-淤堵試驗(yàn)裝置開展一系列室內(nèi)滲透-淤堵模擬試驗(yàn)和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)滲透試驗(yàn)，并結(jié)合圖像分析、分形分維計(jì)算及數(shù)值模擬等方法對(duì)滲透-淤堵現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行細(xì)觀分析，系統(tǒng)地研究高原水庫(kù)壩基松散介質(zhì)滲透-淤堵的整個(gè)過程。 論文共分七章，第一章介紹了選題依據(jù)和研究意義，總結(jié)了工程中常見的淤堵現(xiàn)象、淤堵試驗(yàn)、研究方法、機(jī)理分析等方面的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及目前的研究不足，給出了論文的研究?jī)?nèi)容與技術(shù)路線，并提出了創(chuàng)新之處。第二章以卓玉水庫(kù)上壩址線為研究對(duì)象，進(jìn)行了野外實(shí)地調(diào)查取樣，并開展了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試坑雙環(huán)注水試驗(yàn)。第三章以粗粒土為研究對(duì)象，開展?jié)B透-淤堵試驗(yàn)。第四章以松散壩基土體為骨架顆粒開展了天然試樣和擊實(shí)試樣的滲透-淤堵模擬試驗(yàn)。第五章以室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)論，開展?jié)B透-淤堵現(xiàn)象的細(xì)觀分析與計(jì)算。第六章結(jié)合滲透-淤堵試驗(yàn)的宏觀分析計(jì)算和細(xì)觀分析計(jì)算，對(duì)滲透-淤堵機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析，并利用數(shù)值模擬方法，建立了三維顆粒流滲透-淤堵數(shù)值模型，模擬了滲透-淤堵的全過程。第七章對(duì)論文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，并提出今后的研究和改進(jìn)建議。 論文探討了淤堵作用對(duì)壩基松散介質(zhì)的減滲效應(yīng)，明確了淤堵作用使土體滲透性降低的機(jī)理，提出壩基防滲設(shè)計(jì)的新理念與新思路。這將為解決高山寬谷河流壩基滲漏問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)人工淤堵減滲新方法奠定理論依據(jù)。限于作者理論水平和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)有限，難免會(huì)有錯(cuò)誤和疏漏，不當(dāng)之處敬請(qǐng)各位專家批評(píng)指正。
[Abstract]:The high mountain and wide valley river area of the Tibet Plateau is an important agricultural area in the region. Because of its deep and coarse strong permeable flood accumulation layer, the seepage problem of dam foundation often exists in large scale and high investment when constructing reservoir projects in this kind of area. The design and construction technology is complex and the seepage control effect is poor. When we look up the previous data, we find that many reservoirs in different regions, without adding any additional seepage control treatment, after several years of operation, the seepage of the dam foundation soil is reduced, the seepage problem is obviously weakened, etc. And the reservoir water level in the later stage can meet the design requirements. To this phenomenon, the author has made a preliminary exploration in the research group, and found that the phenomenon of silt blockage occurred in the course of dam foundation leakage weakening, and this phenomenon has an important influence on the permeability of dam foundation soil. Therefore, in connection with the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, "the influence and Mechanism of silting on the permeability of loose medium of Dam Foundation in Plateau Reservoir" No. 41072197, in view of the special properties of soil mass of loose dam foundation, combined with soil geology, soil mechanics and sediment dynamics, In this paper, a series of indoor osmo-blockage simulation tests and field permeation tests were carried out by using the self-developed osmosis-silt test apparatus, and combined with image analysis. Fractal dimension calculation and numerical simulation are used to analyze the phenomenon of osmo-silting and the whole process of permeation and blockage in loose medium of dam foundation of plateau reservoir is systematically studied. The paper is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter introduces the basis and significance of the research, summarizes the common silting phenomenon, blockage test, research methods, mechanism analysis and other aspects of domestic and foreign research status and lack of current research. The research content and technical route of the paper are given, and the innovation is put forward. The second chapter takes Zhuoyu reservoir's upper dam line as the research object, carries on the field investigation sampling, and carries on the field test pit double loop water injection test. In the third chapter, the permeation-silt test is carried out with coarse grained soil as the research object. In chapter 4, the seepage-silt simulation tests of natural and compacted samples are carried out with loose dam foundation soil as skeleton particles. In the fifth chapter, the microscopic analysis and calculation of osmotic-silt phenomenon are carried out based on the conclusions of laboratory tests. In chapter 6, the mechanism of osmotic blockage is analyzed by combining the macroscopic analysis and meso-analysis of permeation-silting test, and a three-dimensional numerical model of permeation-silting is established by using numerical simulation method. The whole process of permeation and blockage is simulated. Chapter seven summarizes the thesis and puts forward some suggestions for future research and improvement. The paper discusses the effect of silting on the loose medium of the dam foundation, clarifies the mechanism of the silting action to reduce the soil permeability, and puts forward a new idea and new idea of the seepage control design of the dam foundation. This will lay a theoretical foundation for solving the seepage problem of the dam foundation and realizing the new method of artificial silting and seepage reduction in high mountain and wide valley rivers. Limited to the author's theoretical level and practical experience, mistakes and omissions will inevitably occur.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV223.6

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