本文選題：土質(zhì)邊坡 + 沖刷破壞　； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：天然土質(zhì)河岸受到長年累月沖刷導(dǎo)致的崩岸問題屢見不鮮,河岸邊坡沖刷破壞一直是工程界和科研工作者關(guān)心的問題之一。在黑龍江省,由于邊界河眾多,我國一側(cè)河岸的沖退,無時(shí)不刻蠶食的國土,崩岸給人民財(cái)產(chǎn)和正常社會(huì)生活造成的影響日益凸顯。本文在總結(jié)前人對極限平衡法的豐富和發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)之上,利用有限差分強(qiáng)度折減法(Flac3D軟件)和有限元法(Geo-studio軟件)對土質(zhì)岸坡穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行分析,探討了各影響因素對邊坡穩(wěn)定的敏感度。研究了在水流沖刷作用下,河岸展寬和沖深數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算模型,利用松花江某水文站2008-2010年水文地質(zhì)資料進(jìn)行了沖刷模擬計(jì)算。利用有限元邊坡穩(wěn)定分析方法,借助Geo-studio軟件對土質(zhì)岸坡穩(wěn)態(tài)滲流條件下,考慮邊坡內(nèi)部應(yīng)力應(yīng)變的變化,探討了水位升降對岸坡穩(wěn)定性的影響。主要研究成果和內(nèi)容如下:(1)河岸土質(zhì)條件是崩岸發(fā)生的內(nèi)在因素,水流條件是破壞發(fā)生的外在因素,也是決定性因素。通過對各內(nèi)在因素進(jìn)行敏感性分析得出坡角的敏感度為0.785,內(nèi)摩擦角為0.561,粘聚力為0.417,容重為0.409,邊坡坡角對邊坡穩(wěn)定性影響最大,內(nèi)摩擦角和粘聚力其次,相比而言土的容重最小。(2)對一概化均質(zhì)邊坡進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算,發(fā)現(xiàn)有限元法和有限差分強(qiáng)度折減法計(jì)算得到安全系數(shù)要大于極限平衡法的計(jì)算結(jié)果。相比極限平衡法,有限元法和有限差分法無需對滑坡體受力情況進(jìn)行假定,減少了誤差,計(jì)算結(jié)果更為精確。(3)利用松花江2008-2010年相關(guān)水文地質(zhì)資料計(jì)算的河流展寬和沖深結(jié)果表明,河岸在汛期沖刷較為劇烈,非汛期沖刷量較小。橫向和縱向沖刷速率在2010年汛期達(dá)到了3.4 cm/d和3.1 cm/d。河道沖刷深度受河道含沙量變化影響較大,受水深和河道寬度變化影響較小。河道橫向展寬受水深和河道寬度變化影響較為明顯,受含沙量因素影響較小。(4)隨著坡前水位上升邊坡穩(wěn)定性逐漸增強(qiáng),隨著水位下降穩(wěn)定性逐漸降低,河岸易在退水期發(fā)生失穩(wěn)崩岸。隨著水位的下降岸坡安全系數(shù)呈指數(shù)下降。水位降低速率越快,邊坡穩(wěn)定性越差,越快達(dá)到臨界失穩(wěn)狀態(tài)。邊坡坡腳處不斷沖退,導(dǎo)致坡腳處出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象,最大變形量逐漸增大,穩(wěn)定性逐漸降低。(5)雷諾護(hù)墊結(jié)構(gòu)、砼鉸接塊結(jié)構(gòu)、預(yù)制混凝土板結(jié)合保溫襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)等護(hù)岸措施應(yīng)配合合理的護(hù)岸形式,因地制宜綜合運(yùn)用,充分發(fā)揮材料特性才能減輕季凍區(qū)河岸在受到水流沖刷、凍脹和凍融循環(huán)作用時(shí)的破壞。
[Abstract]:The problem of bank collapse caused by long years of erosion of natural soil riverbanks is common. Erosion and damage of riverbank slopes has always been one of the problems concerned by engineers and researchers. In Heilongjiang province, because of the numerous border rivers, the bank of one side of our country is washed away and the land is nibbled away from time to time. The impact of bank collapse on people's property and normal social life is becoming increasingly prominent. On the basis of summing up the enrichment and development of the limit equilibrium method, this paper analyzes the slope stability of soil by using the finite difference strength reduction method (Flac3D) and the finite element method (Geo-studio). The sensitivity of each factor to slope stability is discussed. In this paper, the mathematical model of river bank widening and scouring depth under the action of water flow is studied, and the hydrogeological data of a hydrologic station in Songhua River from 2008 to 2010 are used to simulate the scour calculation. By using the finite element method of slope stability analysis, the influence of water level rise and fall on slope stability is discussed under the condition of steady seepage of soil bank slope under the condition of Geo-studio software, considering the variation of internal stress and strain of slope. The main research results and contents are as follows: (1) the soil condition of the river bank is the internal factor of the bank collapse, the water flow condition is the external factor and the decisive factor of the damage. The sensitivity of slope angle is 0.785, internal friction angle is 0.561, cohesion force is 0.417, bulk density is 0.409, slope angle has the most influence on slope stability, and internal friction angle and cohesion force are the second. By comparison, the stability of the homogeneous slope is calculated by the minimum bulk density of soil. It is found that the safety factor obtained by the finite element method and the finite difference strength reduction method is greater than that by the limit equilibrium method. Compared with the limit equilibrium method, the finite element method and the finite difference method do not need to assume the stress of the landslide body, thus reducing the error. Based on the hydrogeological data of the Songhua River from 2008 to 2010, the results of river widening and scouring show that the river bank scour is more intense in flood season and less in non-flood season. The horizontal and vertical scour rates reached 3.4 cm/d and 3.1 cm / d in the flood season in 2010. The depth of the channel erosion is influenced by the sediment content of the channel greatly, but by the change of the water depth and the width of the channel to a lesser extent. The lateral widening of the channel is affected by the variation of water depth and channel width, and the influence of sediment content is less. 4) the slope stability increases gradually with the rise of the water level in front of the slope, and decreases gradually with the decrease of the water level. Banks tend to collapse during the receding period. With the decrease of water level, the slope safety factor decreases exponentially. The faster the water level is lowered, the worse the slope stability is and the faster it reaches the critical state of instability. At the foot of the slope, the stress concentration appears at the foot of the slope, the maximum deformation increases gradually, the stability decreases gradually) the Renault cushion structure and the concrete hinge structure, The bank protection measures such as precast concrete slabs combined with thermal insulation lining structure should be combined with reasonable bank protection form and be used comprehensively according to local conditions to give full play to the characteristics of materials in order to reduce the erosion of river banks in seasonal frozen areas by the flow of water. Damage caused by frost heaving and freeze-thaw cycles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV223

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