本文選題：水動力學(xué) + 改進(jìn)�。� 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：洪水災(zāi)害不僅威脅著人們的生命安全，還會造成巨大的經(jīng)濟損失。近年來，，治理洪水災(zāi)害的措施逐漸從工程措施轉(zhuǎn)向了非工程措施。利用水動力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行洪水風(fēng)險分析是治理洪水的非工程措施之一。本文改進(jìn)了傳統(tǒng)的一維水動力學(xué)模型和二維水動力學(xué)模型，建立了一、二維實時動態(tài)耦合模型。利用該模型模擬了河道以及洪泛區(qū)的洪水演進(jìn)情況，利用模擬結(jié)果編制了洪水風(fēng)險圖。本文主要的研究成果包括： （1）針對傳統(tǒng)的一維水動力學(xué)模型在計算過程中，為滿足柯朗條件而導(dǎo)致計算耗時太長的問題，本文提出了利用神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)來優(yōu)化時間步長的方法。該方法可優(yōu)化傳統(tǒng)的水動力學(xué)模型，使模型在滿足穩(wěn)定性的同時，減少了計算耗時。 （2）洪水潰壩后在洪泛區(qū)演進(jìn)過程中，洪水前鋒還未到達(dá)的區(qū)域是不參與模型計算的。為了提高計算效率，本文利用干水深和濕水深理論，通過判斷網(wǎng)格和通道的水深確定參與計算的網(wǎng)格，優(yōu)化了計算流程，減少了計算耗時。 （3）傳統(tǒng)的一維和二維洪水風(fēng)險分析模型通常是獨立的模塊，無法模擬一維河道和二維洪泛區(qū)洪水同時發(fā)生的問題。本文把一維模型和二維模型通過時間同步和空間節(jié)點耦合的方法，建立了一、二維實時動態(tài)耦合模型，該模型在模擬潰堤、漫堤等問題時，計算結(jié)果比傳統(tǒng)模型更加合理。 （4）利用一維水動力學(xué)模型，模擬了淮河干流遭遇典型年份的洪水時，河道的水位和流量的變化情況。利用二維水動力學(xué)模型，模擬了谷堆圩保護(hù)區(qū)在遭遇典型年份的洪水時，潰堤洪水的演進(jìn)情況。利用一、二維實時動態(tài)耦合模型，模擬了淮河干流潰堤時，河道水位、流量以及谷堆圩保護(hù)區(qū)的洪水演進(jìn)的情況。 （5）利用洪水模擬結(jié)果，根據(jù)國家的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范，研究了洪水風(fēng)險圖的編制方法，研制了谷堆圩保護(hù)區(qū)洪水風(fēng)險圖。
[Abstract]:Flood disasters not only threaten people's lives, but also cause huge economic losses. In recent years, flood control measures have gradually shifted from engineering measures to non-engineering measures. Flood risk analysis based on hydrodynamic model is one of the non-engineering measures for flood control. In this paper, the traditional one dimensional hydrodynamic model and two dimensional hydrodynamic model are improved, and one and two dimensional real time dynamic coupling models are established. The model is used to simulate the flood routing of the river and floodplain area, and the flood risk map is compiled by the simulation results. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1) to solve the problem that the computational time is too long for the traditional one-dimensional hydrodynamic model in order to satisfy the condition of Coland, this paper proposes a method of optimizing the time step by using neural network. This method can optimize the traditional hydrodynamic model and reduce the computational time while satisfying the stability of the model. 2) in the course of flood routing after dam break, the areas that the flood front has not arrived are not involved in the calculation of the model. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, this paper uses the dry and wet water depth theory to determine the grid participating in the calculation by judging the water depth of the grid and the channel, and optimizes the calculation flow and reduces the calculation time. 3) the traditional one-dimensional and two-dimensional flood risk analysis models are usually independent modules, which can not simulate the problems of one-dimensional channel and two-dimensional flood simultaneously. In this paper, one and two dimensional real time dynamic coupling models are established by the method of time synchronization and spatial node coupling. The results of this model are more reasonable than those of the traditional model in simulating the problems of embankment break and overtopping. Using one dimensional hydrodynamic model, the variation of water level and discharge of Huaihe River in typical years is simulated. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was used to simulate the leved-break flood in Guduiwei protected area during the typical years of flood. By using the two dimensional real time dynamic coupling model, the river level, discharge and flood evolution in Guduanwei protection area are simulated when the main stream of Huaihe River breaks its embankment. 5) based on the results of flood simulation and according to the national standard, the method of compiling flood risk map is studied, and the flood risk map of Guduiwei protection area is developed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV122

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