本文選題：強(qiáng)降雨 + 尾礦壩��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：強(qiáng)降雨誘發(fā)的尾礦壩漫頂潰壩是上游法尾礦壩潰壩的首要致災(zāi)因子,掌握漫頂潰壩機(jī)理對(duì)于尾礦壩的設(shè)計(jì)、施工和防災(zāi)具有重要意義。本文采用理論分析和室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法,量化尾礦壩漫頂潰壩的潰口特性參數(shù),模擬潰壩的過(guò)程,修正了全沙輸沙率公式,并總結(jié)潰壩機(jī)理。以具體工程實(shí)例為背景驗(yàn)證了模型試驗(yàn)的正確性和可行性,論文的主要工作如下:(1)取云南省某銅礦尾礦砂作為研究對(duì)象,進(jìn)行尾礦砂顆粒的物理力學(xué)特性試驗(yàn)。將尾礦砂與天然河砂分別進(jìn)行100倍的光學(xué)放大,對(duì)比觀察尾礦砂顆粒的基本特性,包括一般物理特性和力學(xué)特性;制備不同含水率和不同壓實(shí)度的重塑尾礦砂樣,分別進(jìn)行尾礦砂抗剪強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)與含水率和壓實(shí)度的關(guān)系試驗(yàn)。(2)借助泥沙運(yùn)動(dòng)力學(xué)方面的知識(shí),理論分析尾礦砂顆粒的受力情況;探討了尾礦砂顆粒起動(dòng)的隨機(jī)性和起動(dòng)條件;闡述了尾礦砂在水中的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式。為研究潰口的起動(dòng)和擴(kuò)展機(jī)理奠定基礎(chǔ)。(3)以具體的工程實(shí)例為背景,提出一種基于尾礦壩物理模型的坡面位移監(jiān)測(cè)方法,并通過(guò)該方法進(jìn)行了坡面位移監(jiān)測(cè)試驗(yàn);并進(jìn)行了尾礦壩漫頂潰壩過(guò)程的室內(nèi)模型試驗(yàn),主要研究庫(kù)區(qū)水位和浸潤(rùn)線的變化規(guī)律,以及整體潰壩時(shí)間:通過(guò)整理工程現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),驗(yàn)證了模型試驗(yàn)方法的可行性,并且可以通過(guò)模型試驗(yàn)得到的結(jié)論彌補(bǔ)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的不足,揭示強(qiáng)降雨誘發(fā)尾礦壩漫頂潰壩破壞的破壞機(jī)理。(4)理論分析了尾礦壩漫頂潰壩的過(guò)程和機(jī)理,闡述了潰口如何起動(dòng)和擴(kuò)展。通過(guò)尾礦砂模型沖刷試驗(yàn),修正了糙率系數(shù)n,并推導(dǎo)和修正了全沙輸沙率公式。在相似條件的基礎(chǔ)上,利用自制的尾礦壩室內(nèi)物理模型系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行強(qiáng)降雨潰壩試驗(yàn);同時(shí),將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與修正后的全沙輸沙率計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行比對(duì),擬合效果良好。
[Abstract]:The overtopping dam break dam induced by heavy rainfall is the primary disaster factor for the dam break of the upstream tailings dam. Mastering the overtopping dam break mechanism is of great significance to the design, construction and disaster prevention of the tailings dam. In this paper, the method of combining theoretical analysis and indoor test is used to quantify the collapsing characteristic parameters of the overtopping dam of the tailings dam and simulate the process of dam break. The formula of total sand transport rate was corrected and the mechanism of dam break was summed up. The correctness and feasibility of the model test was verified with specific engineering examples. The main work of the paper is as follows: (1) taking a copper mine tailings in Yunnan as the research object and carrying out the physical and mechanical properties test of the tailings sand particles. The tailings sand and the natural river sand are respectively carried out by 1. 00 times of optical amplification, comparison and observation of the basic characteristics of tailings sand particles, including the general physical properties and mechanical properties; the preparation of remolded tailings sand samples with different moisture content and different compactness, the relationship between the shear strength index of the tailings and the moisture content and the degree of compaction respectively. (2) theoretical analysis by the knowledge of sediment movement mechanics The loading situation of tailings sand particles, the randomness and starting conditions of the starting of tailings sand particles are discussed, and the movement form of tailings sand in water is expounded. (3) a monitoring method based on the physical model of tailings dam is put forward, and a method for monitoring the slope displacement based on the physical model of the tailings dam is proposed. In this method, the slope displacement monitoring test is carried out, and the indoor model test of the overtopping dam break of the tailings dam is carried out. The variation law of the water level and the infiltration line in the reservoir area and the whole dam break time are mainly studied. The feasibility of the model test method is verified by finishing the field measured data of the project, and the model test can be obtained by the model test. The conclusion makes up the deficiency of the field measured data and reveals the failure mechanism of the overtopping dam failure caused by the heavy rainfall. (4) the process and mechanism of the overtopping dam break of the tailings dam are analyzed theoretically, how to start and expand the ulceration dam is expounded. The roughness coefficient n is corrected by the scour test of the tailings sand model, and the formula of the total sand transport rate is derived and amended. On the basis of the similar conditions, the experiment of strong rainfall dam break is carried out by using the self-made indoor physical model system of the tailings dam, and the results are compared with the calculated results of the corrected total sand transport rate, and the fitting effect is good.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV649

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