本文選題：離岸深水全直樁碼頭 + 軟土地基��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著運(yùn)輸船舶趨向大型化發(fā)展,新建港口碼頭的位置向離岸、深水區(qū)推進(jìn),離岸深水區(qū)淺層地基土體多為飽和軟粘土。全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)是適用于軟土地基上離岸深水域的新型高樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)型式。然而,該結(jié)構(gòu)型式與傳統(tǒng)含斜樁或叉樁的高樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)型式不同,其承載機(jī)理、破壞模式與傳統(tǒng)高樁碼頭存在較大差異;結(jié)構(gòu)所處離岸深水區(qū)波浪荷載強(qiáng)度更高,波浪循環(huán)荷載作用引起的土體循環(huán)軟化效應(yīng)顯著;離岸深水全直樁碼頭樁身較長(zhǎng),結(jié)構(gòu)柔度較大,結(jié)構(gòu)基本周期與波浪力、撞擊力荷載周期接近,結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力響應(yīng)特性、風(fēng)暴潮浪與結(jié)構(gòu)相互作用等問題突出;在長(zhǎng)期波浪循環(huán)荷載作用下,離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)循環(huán)累積變形特性尚不清楚。針對(duì)以上問題,結(jié)合某離岸深水港設(shè)計(jì)方案,對(duì)離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)承載機(jī)理、破壞模式、水平荷載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性影響因素(考慮土體循環(huán)軟化效應(yīng))、水平荷載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)靜、動(dòng)力簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法以及循環(huán)荷載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)循環(huán)累積變形簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法等問題進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容、研究方法及研究成果闡述如下:1.借助大型商用有限元分析軟件ABAQUS建立了離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)-地基相互作用的三維彈塑性有限元模型。采用荷載控制方式,結(jié)合加載系數(shù)及理想塑性流動(dòng)概念,分析了波浪力、撞擊力水平荷載及豎向荷載作用下結(jié)構(gòu)受力、變形及水平荷載作用下沿樁身彎矩與樁側(cè)土壓力分布情況。研究了離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)承載特性及破壞模式,結(jié)合樁身彎矩和樁側(cè)土壓力分布情況,建議了采用“塑性鉸”破壞模式作為判斷水平荷載作用下離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)極限狀態(tài)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。2.通過有限元軟件接口子程序?qū)柡蛙浾惩恋鼗h(huán)強(qiáng)度與Mises屈服準(zhǔn)則相結(jié)合,基于擬靜力分析建立離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)考慮土體循環(huán)軟化效應(yīng)的計(jì)算模型,對(duì)波浪荷載作用下飽和軟粘土地基土體循環(huán)軟化效應(yīng)進(jìn)行模擬。采用有限元法分析了土體循環(huán)軟化效應(yīng)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性的影響情況,進(jìn)而探討了樁基入土深度、樁壁厚度、土性條件、土體循環(huán)軟化效應(yīng)及剪脹角對(duì)離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)水平極限承載力的影響情況。3.通過有限元法驗(yàn)算m法、P-Y曲線法和NL法計(jì)算離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)的適用性,得出基于m法的簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法適用于小位移情況;基于P-Y曲線法和NL法的簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法在小位移及大位移情況均與有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果吻合較好,驗(yàn)證了靜力簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法的有效性。結(jié)合“塑性鉸”失穩(wěn)判別標(biāo)準(zhǔn),基于P-Y曲線法、NL法建立了一種通過樁身極限彎矩與設(shè)計(jì)荷載作用下樁身最大彎矩之比確定離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)水平極限承載力的簡(jiǎn)化方法。4.采用模態(tài)分析法研究離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)自振特性,得出了結(jié)構(gòu)基本周期較長(zhǎng),與波浪力、撞擊力荷載周期接近,結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力響應(yīng)突出的結(jié)論。進(jìn)一步通過計(jì)算發(fā)現(xiàn)離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力響應(yīng)可按單自由度系統(tǒng)位移動(dòng)力放大系數(shù)理論公式進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算。在此基礎(chǔ)上,基于P-Y曲線法、NL法建立了離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力響應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法,通過與動(dòng)力有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了該動(dòng)力響應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法的有效性和可行性。5.根據(jù)循環(huán)荷載作用下軟粘土循環(huán)累積變形隨循環(huán)荷載作用次數(shù)的變化趨勢(shì)與靜力荷載作用下土體蠕變隨時(shí)間的變化趨勢(shì)相類似的特點(diǎn),將循環(huán)荷載作用次數(shù)看作時(shí)間度量單位,建立了基于蠕變理論的軟粘土循環(huán)累積變形計(jì)算模型,建議了采用擬靜力彈塑性有限元方法計(jì)算土體循環(huán)累積變形情況。為說明該方法計(jì)算全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)循環(huán)累積變形的可行性,借助ABAQUS有限元軟件,利用其接口子程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)室內(nèi)已有的循環(huán)三軸試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,結(jié)果顯示二者基本重合。最后采用該方法研究了循環(huán)荷載作用下離岸深水全直樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)的循環(huán)累積變形特性。
[Abstract]:As the transport ships tend to be large and large, the position of the new port wharf is moved to the offshore and deepwater areas, and the shallow foundation soil in the offshore deepwater area is mostly saturated soft clay. The structure of the full straight pile wharf is a new type of high pile wharf suitable for the deep offshore waters of the soft soil foundation. The structure of high pile wharf is different, its bearing mechanism and the failure mode are different from the traditional high pile wharf; the wave load intensity of the offshore deepwater area is higher, and the cyclic softening effect caused by the wave cyclic loading is remarkable; the pile body of the offshore deepwater full pile wharf is long, the structure flexibility is larger, the basic structure period and wave of the structure are also. The wave force, the impact force load cycle is close, the structural dynamic response characteristic, the storm wave and the structure interaction are outstanding. Under the action of long term wave cyclic loading, the accumulative deformation characteristics of the offshore deepwater full pile wharf structure is not clear. In view of the above problems, the offshore deep water full straight pile code is used in combination with a offshore deepwater port design scheme. The bearing mechanism of the head structure, the failure mode, the influence factors of the structural stability under the horizontal load (considering the soil cyclic softening effect), the static structure under horizontal load, the simplified calculation method of dynamic force and the simplified calculation method of the cumulative deformation of the structure under cyclic loading are systematically studied. The main research contents are studied. The methods and research results are as follows: 1. with the help of the large commercial finite element analysis software ABAQUS, a three-dimensional elastoplastic finite element model of the structure foundation interaction of offshore deepwater full pile wharf is established. The load control method is used to analyze the wave force, the horizontal load of the impact force and the vertical load, combining the loading coefficient and the ideal plastic flow concept. Under loading, the bending moment of the pile and the distribution of soil pressure on the pile side under the action of load, deformation and horizontal load. The bearing characteristics and failure modes of the offshore deepwater full straight pile wharf structure are studied. The "plastic hinge" failure mode is suggested to be used as a judgement of the horizontal load, which is combined with the pile bending moment and the distribution of soil pressure in the pile side. The standard.2. of the structure limit state of the bank deepwater full straight pile wharf combines the cyclic strength of saturated soft clay foundation with the Mises yield criterion by the finite element software interface subroutine. Based on the pseudo static analysis, the calculation model of the soil cyclic softening effect of the offshore deep water full pile wharf structure is established with the saturated soft clay under the action of wave load. The effect of soil cyclic softening is simulated. The influence of soil cyclic softening effect on structural stability is analyzed by finite element method, and then the influence of pile penetration depth, pile wall thickness, soil condition, soil cyclic softening effect and dilatancy angle on the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of offshore deepwater full pile wharf structure is discussed. .3. is used to calculate the applicability of M, P-Y curve method and NL method to calculate the structure of offshore deepwater full pile wharf through the finite element method, and the simplified calculation method based on M method is suitable for small displacement cases, and the simplified calculation method based on the P-Y curve method and the NL method are in good agreement with the finite element calculation results in the small displacement and large displacement cases, and the static force is verified by the finite element method. Based on the P-Y curve method and the NL method, a simplified method for determining the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of offshore deep water full pile wharf is established based on the P-Y curve method and the maximum bending moment ratio of the pile body under the effect of the designed load. The method of modal analysis is used to study offshore deepwater. The self vibration characteristics of the structure of the full straight pile wharf are obtained. The conclusion is that the structure of the structure has a long basic cycle, and the wave force, the impact load cycle of the structure is close to, and the dynamic response of the structure is prominent. On this basis, based on the P-Y curve method and NL method, a simplified calculation method for dynamic response of offshore deep water full straight pile wharf is established. By comparing with the results of dynamic finite element calculation, the validity and feasibility of the simplified calculation method of the dynamic response.5. is verified by the cyclic loading action of cyclic loading of soft clay under cyclic loading. The variation trend of the number of times and the trend of soil creep under the static load is similar to the change trend of time. The number of cyclic loading times is regarded as the unit of time measurement, and the calculation model of cyclic cumulative deformation of soft clay based on creep theory is established, and the calculation of cyclic cumulative variation of soil mass by the quasi static elastoplastic finite element method is proposed. In order to illustrate the feasibility of calculating the cumulative cyclic deformation of the whole straight pile wharf structure by this method, with the help of ABAQUS finite element software, the results of the indoor cyclic three axis test are simulated with its Interface subroutine, and the results show that the two are basically overlapped. Finally, the method is used to study the offshore deepwater under cyclic loading. The cyclic cumulative deformation characteristics of the full straight pile wharf structure.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U656.1

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