本文選題：無閘低壩 + 水口壩下��； 參考：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：一些水利樞紐在運(yùn)行過程中，由于清水下泄及下游無序采砂，常會(huì)造成樞紐下游河床下切，，下游水深降低，給通航及發(fā)電帶來不利影響。無閘低壩樞紐作為一種有效改善下游水深不足的反調(diào)節(jié)工程，可廣泛應(yīng)用于樞紐下游的水位治理。但作為航道上的節(jié)點(diǎn)，無閘低壩樞紐通航水流條件的好壞直接影響到工程航運(yùn)效益的發(fā)揮。以往工程中對(duì)該類型樞紐通航水流條件研究較少，工程經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。本文依托水口壩下水位治理工程，對(duì)無閘低壩樞紐的通航水流條件進(jìn)行研究。 論文采用物理模型試驗(yàn)的研究方法，通過比對(duì)工程前后樞紐河段的水流變化情況，分析了無閘低壩樞紐不同流量下隨淹沒程度變化表現(xiàn)出的不同水流特性。在無閘低壩樞紐水流特性研究的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了無閘低壩樞紐由于特殊水流特征所造成的引航道通航水流問題并通過水口壩下水位治理工程原設(shè)計(jì)布置方案的樞紐通航水流試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。 針對(duì)水口壩下水位治理工程原設(shè)計(jì)布置方案中上下游引航道存在的具體通航水流問題分別進(jìn)行了分析與研究。結(jié)合前人研究成果及以往工程經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)原來布置方案中存在的問題采用一些工程措施來對(duì)進(jìn)行改善。通過優(yōu)化方案的通航水流試驗(yàn)，探討了調(diào)整隔流墻長度、靠船墩掛隔流板、透空隔流墻做成支墩式浮堤等工程改善措施對(duì)無閘低壩樞紐上下游引航道通航水流的改善情況。并對(duì)導(dǎo)航墻調(diào)整長度、隔流板底孔尺寸設(shè)置及支墩式浮堤底孔高度布置方式在具體工程中的設(shè)置進(jìn)行了分析研究。提出了靠船墩掛隔流板、將透空隔流墻做成支墩式浮堤等新型做法。另外由外向內(nèi)孔口尺寸逐漸減小的開孔方式，也被證明是一種較優(yōu)的開孔布置方式。最后文章還結(jié)合水口壩下水位治理工程推薦了無閘低壩樞紐上下游引航道所適用的工程改善措施。樞紐研究成果可為工程實(shí)際提供指導(dǎo)建議，并為其他類似工程參考借鑒。
[Abstract]:During the operation of some water conservancy projects, due to the release of clear water and disorderly sand mining downstream, the downstream river bed is often cut down, the downstream water depth is lowered, and the navigation and power generation are adversely affected. As a kind of reverse regulation project which can effectively improve the water depth of the downstream, the low dam without sluice can be widely used in the water level control of the downstream of the project. However, as the node in the channel, the navigable flow condition of the low dam without sluice has a direct impact on the benefit of engineering navigation. In the past, the research on navigable flow conditions of this type of hub is less, and the engineering experience is insufficient. In this paper, the navigable flow condition of the low dam without sluice is studied based on the water level control project under the Shuikou dam. In this paper, the physical model test method is used to analyze the different flow characteristics of the sluice free low dam project with different discharge changes with the submergence degree by comparing the flow changes of the river reach before and after the project. On the basis of the research on the flow characteristics of the low dam without sluice, This paper analyzes the navigable flow problem of the pilot channel caused by the special flow characteristics of the low dam without sluice and verifies it by the navigable flow test of the original layout scheme of the water level control project under the water mouth dam. This paper analyzes and studies the specific navigable flow problem in the upstream and downstream approach channel in the original design and layout of the water level control project under the water mouth dam. Based on the previous research results and previous engineering experience, some engineering measures are adopted to improve the problems existing in the original layout scheme. Based on the navigable flow test of the optimized scheme, the improvement measures such as adjusting the length of the barrier wall, hanging the baffle plate on the pier and making the pier-type floating embankment into a pier-type floating embankment are discussed. The improvement of the navigable flow in the upstream and downstream channels of the low-dam project without sluice is discussed. The adjustment length of the navigation wall, the size setting of the bottom hole of the baffle plate and the arrangement of the bottom hole height of the supporting pier type floating embankment are analyzed and studied in the concrete project. A new method is put forward such as hanging the baffle plate on the pier and making the permeable wall into a pier-type floating embankment. In addition, it is proved that the opening mode, which decreases gradually from the outer orifice to the inner hole, is an optimal opening arrangement. Finally, combined with the water level control project under the Shuikou dam, the paper recommends the engineering improvement measures for the upstream and downstream approach channel of the low dam without sluice. The research results of the hub can provide guidance suggestions for engineering practice and reference for other similar projects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV61

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