本文選題：高拱壩施工　切入點(diǎn)：自適應(yīng)仿真　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：拱壩作為一種重要的壩型,由于其抗超載性能較好,同時(shí)又可以節(jié)省大量的施工材料,因此得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。目前已有拱壩最大壩高超過300m,同時(shí)一批300m級(jí)高拱壩也正在規(guī)劃和建設(shè)中。然而在當(dāng)前高拱壩施工進(jìn)度現(xiàn)場管理中,面臨著施工進(jìn)度仿真與現(xiàn)場實(shí)際施工狀態(tài)脫節(jié)、施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制理論難以對(duì)現(xiàn)場施工進(jìn)行全面分析控制、施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警模型尚未對(duì)各壩段施工進(jìn)度進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警分析、施工方案實(shí)時(shí)優(yōu)化未能全面考慮施工過程的隨機(jī)性、施工過程及其仿真分析過程的實(shí)時(shí)直觀表達(dá)匱乏管理平臺(tái)等關(guān)鍵問題。如何解決這些問題,是當(dāng)前高拱壩施工管理面臨的巨大挑戰(zhàn)。本文就上述問題展開深入研究和分析,并取得了如下創(chuàng)新性研究成果:(1)針對(duì)當(dāng)前高拱壩施工進(jìn)度仿真分析難以有效跟蹤現(xiàn)場實(shí)時(shí)施工狀態(tài)的現(xiàn)狀,提出了高拱壩施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真理論,實(shí)現(xiàn)了施工進(jìn)度仿真分析對(duì)現(xiàn)場施工進(jìn)度的實(shí)時(shí)跟蹤與分析。當(dāng)前高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)仿真主要是基于現(xiàn)場實(shí)時(shí)施工進(jìn)度進(jìn)行仿真初始條件實(shí)時(shí)更新,部分研究針對(duì)仿真施工參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)更新機(jī)制進(jìn)行了研究。然而在施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)仿真研究中,由于仿真模型本身結(jié)構(gòu)中的仿真邏輯尚未隨著現(xiàn)場實(shí)際施工狀態(tài)實(shí)時(shí)更新,仿真施工參數(shù)更新方法也難以表達(dá)施工參數(shù)隨著施工進(jìn)度的推進(jìn)而不斷變化的過程,導(dǎo)致仿真分析系統(tǒng)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)現(xiàn)場實(shí)時(shí)施工狀態(tài)的有效跟蹤。針對(duì)以上問題,本研究將自適應(yīng)仿真理論引入高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)仿真分析中,提出了高拱壩施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真理論。1通過綜合分析高拱壩施工過程、實(shí)時(shí)施工狀態(tài)、壩體混凝土溫度場、施工導(dǎo)流要求、壩體結(jié)構(gòu)形式、金屬結(jié)構(gòu)安裝、施工進(jìn)度仿真邏輯等因素對(duì)施工進(jìn)度影響,將施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真原理引入高拱壩施工進(jìn)度仿真分析中,建立了高拱壩施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真原理與數(shù)學(xué)模型;2基于證據(jù)理論,綜合分析現(xiàn)場施工方案、實(shí)時(shí)仿真進(jìn)度及施工過程隨機(jī)性的影響,提出了基于證據(jù)折扣的壩塊排序邏輯實(shí)時(shí)更新方法;3將模糊集理論與貝葉斯更新理論組合,綜合考慮現(xiàn)場不確定性因素,實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊化仿真施工參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)更新,在仿真計(jì)算過程中,根據(jù)相應(yīng)隸屬度,實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊化仿真施工參數(shù)的取值,建立了基于模糊貝葉斯更新的仿真施工參數(shù)實(shí)時(shí)更新方法。以上理論模型和方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實(shí)時(shí)施工狀態(tài)的高拱壩施工進(jìn)度仿真模型自適應(yīng)更新,為施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真與實(shí)時(shí)控制提供基礎(chǔ)。(2)針對(duì)當(dāng)前高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制尚未引入施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真理論的現(xiàn)狀,提出了基于自適應(yīng)仿真的高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制理論。針對(duì)當(dāng)前高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制研究尚未考慮根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實(shí)際施工狀態(tài)進(jìn)行仿真模型自適應(yīng)更新,同時(shí)施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警模型也尚未針對(duì)各壩段施工進(jìn)度進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警,在高拱壩施工方案實(shí)時(shí)優(yōu)化過程中缺少完整考慮施工過程隨機(jī)性的現(xiàn)狀;本文基于自適應(yīng)仿真理論及高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制原理,提出了基于自適應(yīng)仿真的高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制理論。1建立了基于自適應(yīng)仿真的高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制原理及數(shù)學(xué)模型,根據(jù)自適應(yīng)仿真分析結(jié)果,對(duì)施工進(jìn)度進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警,進(jìn)而實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)整施工方案;同時(shí),基于施工方案實(shí)時(shí)優(yōu)化方法,建立綜合最優(yōu)的施工方案,指導(dǎo)現(xiàn)場施工;2綜合分析施工進(jìn)度的隨機(jī)性、整體施工進(jìn)度、單壩段施工進(jìn)度、關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)工期,建立了高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)預(yù)警方法;3綜合考慮施工指標(biāo)隨機(jī)特征,采用隨機(jī)占優(yōu)度定義,提出了基于隨機(jī)占優(yōu)度的高拱壩施工方案實(shí)時(shí)優(yōu)化方法�；谝陨侠碚撃Ｐ秃头椒�,實(shí)現(xiàn)了根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實(shí)際施工狀態(tài)的高拱壩施工進(jìn)度的實(shí)時(shí)控制。(3)針對(duì)當(dāng)前施工進(jìn)度控制手段難以實(shí)現(xiàn)施工過程及仿真計(jì)算過程的實(shí)時(shí)三維可視化分析及施工信息的實(shí)時(shí)交互式分析的現(xiàn)狀,提出了高拱壩施工過程4D可視化分析方法。當(dāng)前高拱壩施工進(jìn)度現(xiàn)場控制大部分都是依賴二維圖紙,而三維可視化方法主要是根據(jù)仿真結(jié)果建立三維模型,尚未將4D(三維模型+時(shí)間維度)可視化方法應(yīng)用到高拱壩施工進(jìn)度控制研究中,難以實(shí)現(xiàn)施工過程和仿真計(jì)算過程的實(shí)時(shí)三維可視化分析及施工信息實(shí)時(shí)交互式分析;針對(duì)上述現(xiàn)狀,本研究提出了高拱壩施工過程4D可視化分析方法。將三維可視化技術(shù)與施工進(jìn)度信息實(shí)時(shí)耦合分析,建立了高拱壩施工過程4D可視化模型;采用三維可視化建模技術(shù),建立了高拱壩施工場區(qū)三維精細(xì)模型;采用時(shí)空數(shù)據(jù)庫,建立了施工過程4D可視化數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu);結(jié)合Unity3D技術(shù)、射頻拾取技術(shù)、面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)等,實(shí)現(xiàn)了高拱壩施工過程的4D可視化分析及施工信息的實(shí)時(shí)交互式查詢分析。(4)針對(duì)高拱壩施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真與實(shí)時(shí)控制分析研究缺乏統(tǒng)一的施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真與實(shí)時(shí)控制4D可視化分析平臺(tái)的現(xiàn)狀,研發(fā)了高拱壩施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真與實(shí)時(shí)控制4D可視化分析系統(tǒng)。結(jié)合高拱壩實(shí)際施工需求、施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真理論與方法、基于自適應(yīng)仿真的高拱壩施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)控制理論與方法,采用施工過程4D可視化分析方法,本研究自主研發(fā)了高拱壩施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真與實(shí)時(shí)控制4D可視化分析系統(tǒng),為工程管理人員提供了施工進(jìn)度自適應(yīng)仿真與實(shí)時(shí)控制分析平臺(tái)。將以上成果的理論、方法、技術(shù)和系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用到實(shí)際工程中,實(shí)踐表明,采用本文的研究內(nèi)容,可以有效保證高拱壩工程施工進(jìn)度實(shí)時(shí)受控,對(duì)整個(gè)工程的工程效益起到了重要作用。
[Abstract]:Arch dam as an important type of dam, due to its anti overloading performance is better, but also can save a lot of construction materials, so it is widely used. The existing arch dam with the maximum height of more than 300m at the same time, a group of 300m high arch dam is in the planning and construction. However, when the construction site management schedule before the high arch dam in the face from the construction site construction schedule simulation and state real-time schedule control theory is difficult to conduct a comprehensive analysis on the control of the construction site, the real-time warning model of construction schedule has not yet been real-time warning analysis of the dam construction schedule and construction scheme of real time optimization failed to fully consider the randomness in the process of construction, the key problem in the construction process and its simulation analysis the expression of lack of real-time visual management platform. How to solve these problems, is a huge challenge for the high arch dam construction management in this paper. Research and Analysis on these issues, and has made innovative research results are as follows: (1) according to the analysis of the current situation is difficult to effectively track the real-time construction state of the current construction process simulation of high arch dam, the high arch dam construction schedule adaptive simulation theory, simulation analysis of construction progress tracking and analysis of site construction schedule the high arch dam construction schedule. The real-time simulation is mainly real-time update the initial conditions of real-time construction schedule based on part of the real-time update mechanism for the simulation of construction parameters were studied. However, in the real time simulation of the construction schedule, the simulation logic simulation model in the structure itself has not been updated in real time with the actual construction condition, simulation the construction parameters updating method is also difficult to express the construction parameters changing with the construction progress of the push over Cheng, lead to simulation analysis system to realize the effective tracking of the real-time construction state. To solve the above problems, this study will introduce adaptive simulation theory analysis of high arch dam construction schedule in real-time simulation, the high arch dam construction schedule adaptive simulation theory of.1 through a comprehensive analysis of high arch dam construction process, the real-time state of construction, the concrete dam body temperature field. Construction diversion, dam structure, metal structure installation, construction progress simulation logic and other factors on the construction schedule, construction schedule will be introduced the principle of adaptive simulation analysis of construction schedule simulation of high arch dam, built high arch dam construction schedule adaptive principle and mathematical simulation model; 2 based on evidence theory, a comprehensive analysis of site construction plan, real-time effects progress of the simulation and construction process of randomness, put forward the method to update the dam block sorting logic based on real evidence discount; 3 of the fuzzy set theory and Bayesian updating theory, considering the site uncertainties, real-time updates fuzzy simulation of construction parameters, in the simulation process, according to the corresponding membership value, fuzzy simulation of construction parameters, establish the real-time simulation of construction parameters update method of fuzzy Bayesian updating based on the above theory. The model and method to realize the real-time update according to the construction state of high arch dam construction schedule simulation model of adaptive, provides the basis for the simulation of construction schedule and adaptive real-time control. (2) according to the status quo when the construction schedule before the real-time control of high arch dam construction schedule has not yet introduced adaptive simulation theory, put forward the high arch dam construction schedule adaptive simulation real-time control based on the theory. In view of the current research on the real-time control of high arch dam construction schedule has not been considered according to the actual state of construction The simulation model of adaptive updating, while the construction schedule is not real-time early warning model for the dam construction schedule for real-time warning, the lack of a complete account of the status quo of construction process randomness in real time optimal construction scheme of high arch dam during the construction progress; adaptive and real-time control simulation theory of high arch dam is proposed based on the principle of high arch dam construction schedule adaptive simulation the real-time control theory of.1 based on high arch dam construction schedule adaptive simulation real-time control principle and mathematical model based on adaptive according to the simulation results, the construction schedule of the real-time warning and real-time adjustment of the construction plan; at the same time, the real-time optimization of construction scheme based on the method of establishing comprehensive optimal construction plan, guide the construction site; random 2 comprehensive analysis of the progress of construction, the overall construction schedule, single dam construction schedule, construction of key nodes Period, establish the real-time early warning method of high arch dam construction schedule; 3 considering the construction index of random characteristic, the stochastic dominance degree is defined, we put forward a real-time optimization scheme of high arch dam construction method based on stochastic dominance degree. The above theoretical model and method based on the field of high arch dam construction schedule according to the actual construction condition of real time control. (3) the status of real-time interactive analysis in view of the current construction progress control means to realize simulation of the construction process and calculation process of the real-time 3D visualization and analysis of construction information, propose the method of 4D analysis visualization of high arch dam construction process. The high arch dam site construction progress control mostly rely on 2D drawings, 3D visualization is the main method according to the simulation results establish the three-dimensional model, not 4D (3D model + time dimension) visualization method is applied to the high arch dam construction schedule The control study, it is difficult to achieve the construction process and the simulation process of real-time 3D visualization analysis and construction information real-time interactive analysis; in view of the above situation, this study proposes the analysis method of 4D visualization of high arch dam construction process. The 3D visualization technology and construction progress information real-time coupling analysis, established the 4D visualization of high arch dam construction process using the model; the 3D modeling and visualization technology, established the high arch dam construction field 3D model; using spatio-temporal database, has established the construction process of 4D visual database structure; combined with Unity3D technology, RF pickup technology, object oriented technology, realize the real-time interactive query 4D visualization analysis and information construction of high arch dam construction process analysis (4. According to the construction schedule) adaptive simulation and real-time control of high arch dam construction schedule analysis of lack of unified and adaptive simulation The status quo analysis platform for real-time control of 4D visualization, developed the analysis system of high arch dam construction schedule adaptive simulation and real-time control of 4D visualization. Combined with the actual construction of high arch dam, the theory and method of construction schedule adaptive simulation of high arch dam construction simulation of real time adaptive control theory and method based on the 4D visual construction process analysis method, the study on the independent research and development of the analysis system of high arch dam construction schedule adaptive simulation and real-time control of 4D visualization, provides the simulation and real-time control of construction schedule adaptive analysis platform for project management personnel. The above results of the theory, method, technology and system used in practical engineering practice shows that the content of this paper can be effectively guaranteed progress of construction of high arch dams in real time controlled, had a great impact on the whole project project benefits.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TV642.4;TV511

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