發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-08 21:55

  本文選題：水庫(kù)　切入點(diǎn)：長(zhǎng)期優(yōu)化調(diào)度　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)水利工程建設(shè)的推進(jìn),水電站水庫(kù)優(yōu)化調(diào)度成為了水利系統(tǒng)長(zhǎng)期經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行需解決的核心問(wèn)題。運(yùn)用優(yōu)化調(diào)度技術(shù),有效、合理地對(duì)水庫(kù)水電站進(jìn)行調(diào)度研究,提高水資源可持續(xù)利用,使水庫(kù)的綜合效益最大化具有重要意義。受諸多因素的影響,水庫(kù)的調(diào)度模型發(fā)展成具為有多目標(biāo)、多極值、高維度、非線性等特性的復(fù)雜優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,用傳統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化方法難以解決。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,眾多智能優(yōu)化算法層出不窮,它們打破了傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題采用精確模型進(jìn)行計(jì)算的模式,非常適合用來(lái)處理傳統(tǒng)方法難以解決的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題。和聲搜索算法作為一種新興高效的啟發(fā)式全局搜索算法,它通過(guò)模擬音樂創(chuàng)作原理來(lái)求解優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、容易實(shí)現(xiàn)、跳出局部最優(yōu)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但是算法的收斂性和收斂速度都有待提高。本文通過(guò)研究和聲算法的尋優(yōu)機(jī)理,與粒子群算法的特點(diǎn)相結(jié)合,提出了粒子群和聲搜索混合算法,并應(yīng)用在小灣電站的長(zhǎng)期優(yōu)化調(diào)度問(wèn)題中。本文闡述了研究水庫(kù)調(diào)度的背景和意義以及國(guó)內(nèi)外研究進(jìn)展,并介紹了水庫(kù)優(yōu)化調(diào)度常用的模型方法,分析不同模型方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。接著對(duì)和聲搜索算法做了深入的研究,針對(duì)該算法收斂性差和收斂速度慢的不足,結(jié)合粒子群算法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)對(duì)算法進(jìn)行改進(jìn),提出了粒子群和聲搜索混合算法(PSOHS)。然后根據(jù)小灣水庫(kù)30年徑流資料,以發(fā)電量最大為目標(biāo)函數(shù)建立長(zhǎng)期優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型,分別采用常規(guī)算法和提出的PSOHS優(yōu)化算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解。常規(guī)算法以月為時(shí)段,按等流量調(diào)節(jié)進(jìn)行計(jì)算,得出多年平均發(fā)電量為186.5736億kW·h。在運(yùn)用PSOHS優(yōu)化算法時(shí),為簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算,先以年為時(shí)段進(jìn)行多年調(diào)節(jié)計(jì)算,再對(duì)典型年進(jìn)行年調(diào)節(jié)計(jì)算,用來(lái)修正多年調(diào)節(jié)計(jì)算的結(jié)果,得出多年平均發(fā)電量為201.3864億kW·h,相比常規(guī)計(jì)算結(jié)果,效益提高了7.36%。為更好的分析比較優(yōu)化的效果,在30年的時(shí)間序列中選取1967-1980年時(shí)段,針對(duì)枯水期和豐水期的發(fā)電量比較時(shí)段優(yōu)化效益,枯水期(1967-1977年)優(yōu)化效益為7.08%,豐水期(1978-1980年)優(yōu)化效益為-2.72%,充分發(fā)揮出水庫(kù)的蓄豐補(bǔ)枯的調(diào)節(jié)作用；整個(gè)時(shí)段內(nèi)發(fā)電量提高了5.25%,體現(xiàn)了算法有很好的優(yōu)化效果。實(shí)例應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,粒子群和聲搜索混合算法在水庫(kù)長(zhǎng)期優(yōu)化調(diào)度中的應(yīng)用是有效、可行的。
[Abstract]:With the development of water conservancy construction in China, the optimal operation of hydropower stations and reservoirs has become the core problem in the long-term economic operation of water conservancy system.It is of great significance to study the operation of reservoir hydropower stations effectively and reasonably by using optimal dispatching technology to improve the sustainable utilization of water resources and maximize the comprehensive benefits of reservoirs.Influenced by many factors, the reservoir operation model has developed into a complex optimization problem with multi-objective, multi-extremum, high-dimensional, nonlinear and other characteristics, which is difficult to solve by traditional optimization methods.With the rapid development of computer technology, many intelligent optimization algorithms emerge in endlessly. They break the traditional optimization problem using accurate model to calculate, and are very suitable for dealing with complex problems which are difficult to solve by traditional methods.As a new and efficient heuristic global search algorithm, harmony search algorithm solves the optimization problem by simulating the principle of music creation. It has the advantages of simple structure, easy realization, jumping out of local optimum and so on.However, the convergence and convergence rate of the algorithm need to be improved.By studying the optimization mechanism of the harmony algorithm and combining the characteristics of the particle swarm optimization, a hybrid algorithm of particle swarm optimization and acoustic search is proposed in this paper, and it is applied to the long-term optimal scheduling problem of Xiaowan Hydropower Station.In this paper, the background and significance of reservoir operation research and the research progress at home and abroad are described. The common model methods for reservoir optimal operation are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of different model methods are analyzed.Then, the harmonic search algorithm is deeply studied. Considering the shortcomings of poor convergence and slow convergence speed, the PSO algorithm is improved by combining the advantages of PSO, and a hybrid PSO HSG algorithm is proposed.Based on the 30-year runoff data of Xiaowan Reservoir, a long-term optimal dispatching model is established with the maximum power generation as the objective function. The conventional algorithm and the proposed PSOHS optimization algorithm are used to solve the model respectively.The conventional algorithm takes the month as the time period and calculates according to the constant flow regulation. The average annual power generation is 18.65736 billion kW / h.In the application of PSOHS optimization algorithm, in order to simplify the calculation, the multi-year adjustment calculation is carried out in the period of year first, and then the annual adjustment calculation is carried out for the typical year, which is used to modify the results of the calculation of multi-year regulation.The average power generation for many years is 20.13864 billion kW / h. Compared with the conventional calculation results, the efficiency is increased by 7.36%.In order to better analyze and compare the effect of optimization, the 1967-1980 period is selected in the 30-year time series.The optimization benefit is -2.72 in the dry season and 1978-1980 in the high water period, and the electricity generation has been increased by 5.25 in the whole period, which shows that the algorithm has a good optimization effect. The optimum benefit is -2.72 in the dry season and 1978-1980 in the high water period, and the regulating function of the reservoir is brought into full play, and the electricity output increases by 5.25% in the whole period of time, which shows that the algorithm has a very good optimization effect.The application of particle swarm optimization and acoustic search hybrid algorithm in reservoir long-term optimal operation is proved to be effective and feasible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TV697.11

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