本文選題：深切河谷　切入點(diǎn)：地應(yīng)力場(chǎng)　出處：《長(zhǎng)江科學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)西部地區(qū)屬于高地應(yīng)力、高地震烈度區(qū)，正在或即將興建大量巨型水電站。其壩址區(qū)大多處于溝谷深切、構(gòu)造復(fù)雜的區(qū)域，為保證在復(fù)雜地質(zhì)和特殊地應(yīng)力場(chǎng)環(huán)境中順利施工及電站的安全運(yùn)營(yíng)，深入開展對(duì)深切河谷區(qū)地應(yīng)力場(chǎng)特征研究對(duì)于工程選址、具體設(shè)計(jì)與安全施工具有非常重要的意義。本文針對(duì)怒江某水電站壩址區(qū)深切河谷應(yīng)力場(chǎng)問題，，主要開展了下列工作： （1）總結(jié)了該水電站的區(qū)域構(gòu)造地質(zhì)背景和工程地質(zhì)條件，概括了區(qū)域構(gòu)造地質(zhì)特征與河谷發(fā)育的“分期剝蝕”過程，為河谷應(yīng)力場(chǎng)演化模擬提供構(gòu)造應(yīng)力、侵蝕基準(zhǔn)面高程等地質(zhì)依據(jù)。 （2）建立了深切河谷應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的彈塑性有限元模型，其中考慮了三個(gè)不同基準(zhǔn)面高程的河谷剝蝕過程與多個(gè)可能的構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)模式。模擬了侵蝕基準(zhǔn)面及表層風(fēng)化對(duì)河谷應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的影響，結(jié)果表明影響較小。模擬了不同構(gòu)造應(yīng)力模式對(duì)河谷應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的影響，結(jié)表明構(gòu)造應(yīng)力方向?qū)庸鹊撞繎?yīng)力集中帶及深埋巖體應(yīng)力的影響較大，對(duì)岸坡表層應(yīng)力的影響較小。 （3）根據(jù)實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果，把模擬退火技術(shù)(SA)引入到粒子群優(yōu)化算法（PSO）中進(jìn)行深切河谷區(qū)整場(chǎng)應(yīng)力研究。通過將包括上述多種構(gòu)造應(yīng)力模式的多組構(gòu)造應(yīng)力施加到有限元模型上進(jìn)行正演計(jì)算，以構(gòu)建神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)訓(xùn)練樣本。反演結(jié)果和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)成果相符，區(qū)域構(gòu)造方位與河流走向呈小角度相交。受地形的影響，右岸邊坡巖體應(yīng)力大于左岸。左右岸邊坡巖體最大水平主應(yīng)力方位隨水平埋深的增加而由NE向向NNE向偏轉(zhuǎn)，由與怒江在該段的走向呈大角度相交到趨于平行。河床底部巖體應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象明顯，以水平方向應(yīng)力為主，最大水平主應(yīng)力方位與怒江該處走向呈大角度相交，隨鉛直埋深的增加也由與河流走向呈大角度相交向區(qū)域構(gòu)造應(yīng)力方位過度。
[Abstract]:The western part of China belongs to the area of high ground stress and high seismic intensity, and a large number of giant hydropower stations are being or will be built.Most of the dam site areas are located in deep gully and complicated structures. In order to ensure the smooth construction and safe operation of the power station in the complex geological and special stress field environment, the study on the characteristics of the in-situ stress field in the deep valley region is carried out in depth and the site selection of the project is carried out.The concrete design and the safety construction have the very important significance.Aiming at the problem of deep valley stress field in the dam area of a hydropower station on the Nujiang River, the following work has been carried out in this paper:This paper summarizes the regional tectonic geological background and engineering geological conditions of the hydropower station, summarizes the regional tectonic geological characteristics and the "phased denudation" process of the valley development, and provides tectonic stress for the simulation of the evolution of the valley stress field.Erosion datum elevation and other geological basis.(2) the elastic-plastic finite element model of deep valley stress field is established, in which the erosion process and several possible tectonic stress field models with three different datum elevation are considered.The effect of erosion datum and surface weathering on valley stress field is simulated.The effects of different tectonic stress modes on the valley stress field are simulated. The results show that the direction of tectonic stress has a great effect on the stress concentration zone at the bottom of the valley and the stress of the deep buried rock mass, but has little effect on the surface stress of the bank slope.(3) based on the measured results, simulated annealing technique (SAA) is introduced into PSO (particle swarm optimization algorithm) to study the whole field stress in deep valley.A neural network training sample is constructed by applying multiple sets of tectonic stresses including the above structural stress modes to the finite element model for forward calculation.The inversion results are consistent with the field measurements, and the regional tectonic azimuth intersects with the river strike at a small angle.Due to the influence of topography, the rock mass stress of the right bank slope is greater than that of the left bank.The azimuth of the maximum horizontal principal stress of the left and right bank slope is deflected from NE to NNE with the increase of horizontal burial depth and intersects with the trend of Nujiang River at a large angle to be parallel.The stress concentration of the rock mass at the bottom of the river bed is obvious, mainly in the horizontal direction, and the azimuth of the maximum horizontal principal stress intersects with the strike of the Nujiang River at a large angle.With the increase of vertical buried depth, the azimuth of tectonic stress is excessive from intersecting with the direction of the river to the regional tectonic stress azimuth.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV221.2

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