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水輪發(fā)電機調(diào)速器的控制研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-04-01 19:36

  本文選題:水輪機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)建模 切入點:模糊控制算法 出處:《河北科技大學》2014年碩士論文


【摘要】:近年來,我國的水電建設(shè)取得了突飛猛進的發(fā)展,然而因為發(fā)電過程中水輪機的負荷在不斷發(fā)生變化,使其轉(zhuǎn)速也隨之變化,導(dǎo)致輸出的電壓和頻率的不穩(wěn),不能滿足用戶的需要。 因為發(fā)電機的輸出頻率是隨著轉(zhuǎn)速變化而變化,所以為了滿足水輪發(fā)電機組并網(wǎng)輸電頻率指標要求,就需要對水輪發(fā)電機組進行速度控制。速度調(diào)節(jié)器在水輪發(fā)電機組并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中是一個核心控制單元,它通過對液壓驅(qū)動裝置—接力器的行程控制,實時對水輪機導(dǎo)葉開度的調(diào)節(jié),達到對水力矩大小的調(diào)節(jié),從而實現(xiàn)對水輪機組轉(zhuǎn)速的控制使它保持在一定的范圍內(nèi),最終實現(xiàn)電壓和頻率的穩(wěn)定輸出。 本文首先根據(jù)水輪機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的工作原理,把水輪機調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)分成了幾個模塊,采用模塊化建模設(shè)計,并依據(jù)模塊間信號鏈接關(guān)系,建立了水輪機調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的線性化數(shù)學模型,可以看出水輪機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)是一個高階的、非最小相位的復(fù)雜的動力系統(tǒng),且存在參數(shù)時變性和非線性。針對水輪機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)模型存在的這些特性,調(diào)速器若采用傳統(tǒng)的PID控制算法,通過甩負荷仿真和給定擾動仿真,發(fā)現(xiàn)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)難以滿足性能指標要求比,為此在調(diào)速器控制模型中引入了模糊-PI控制算法。根據(jù)幾種工況下的仿真和分析,并與PID控制算法進行了比較,結(jié)果表明模糊-PI控制算法在水輪機調(diào)速系統(tǒng)中具有很強的魯棒性,,同時明顯提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和快速性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, hydropower construction in China has made rapid progress. However, because of the constant change of turbine load in the process of power generation, the speed of turbine also changes, which leads to the instability of output voltage and frequency.Can not meet the needs of the user.Because the output frequency of generator varies with the change of rotational speed, it is necessary to control the speed of hydroelectric generator in order to meet the requirements of transmission frequency index.The speed regulator is a core control unit in the grid-connected power generation system of a hydro-generator set. By controlling the stroke of the hydraulic drive device and the relay, and adjusting the opening of the guide blade of the hydraulic turbine in real time, the speed regulator can adjust the size of the water torque.Thus, the speed of the turbine unit can be controlled in a certain range, and the steady output of voltage and frequency can be realized.In this paper, according to the working principle of hydraulic turbine governing system, the governing system of turbine is divided into several modules, and the linear mathematical model of the governing system of hydraulic turbine is established according to the signal link relationship between the modules.It can be seen that the hydraulic turbine governing system is a high order, non-minimum phase complex dynamic system with time-varying and nonlinear parameters.In view of these characteristics of the hydraulic turbine speed regulation system model, if the governor adopts the traditional PID control algorithm, through load rejection simulation and given disturbance simulation, it is found that the speed regulation system can not meet the performance requirement ratio.For this reason, fuzzy-Pi control algorithm is introduced into the governor control model.According to the simulation and analysis under several operating conditions, and compared with the PID control algorithm, the results show that the fuzzy Pi control algorithm has strong robustness in the hydraulic turbine speed regulation system, and obviously improves the stability and rapidity of the system.
【學位授予單位】:河北科技大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TV734.4

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