本文選題：渡槽　切入點：抗震　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：在20世紀(jì)末，興建跨流域調(diào)水工程已成為解決我國水資源分布不均勻問題的重要手段，對我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展有著重要意義。隨著我國南水北調(diào)工程的開工建設(shè)，大流量、大跨度渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)不斷涌現(xiàn)。大型渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震問題已成為工程抗震領(lǐng)域研究熱點之一。 大型渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)抗震計算方法的研究有著重要的意義，不僅能滿足南水北調(diào)工程中大型渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計的需要，也能為建立渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計理論和方法提供參考資料。 本文主要對渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律、渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向抗震計算模型、槽墩高度對渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向動力特性及橫槽向地震響應(yīng)的影響規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究。本文的主要研究工作及成果如下： (1)開展了渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)原理性的多自由度子結(jié)構(gòu)擬動力模型試驗。通過渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)擬動力模型試驗對土-樁-渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)-水體動力相互作用體系的橫槽向地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究，試驗結(jié)果表明：在輸入地震波峰值加速度相同時，渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)在不同試驗地震波作用下的橫槽向地震響應(yīng)峰值存在較大差異；槽內(nèi)水體與渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)的流-固耦合動力相互作用可能減小也可能增大渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)峰值，其影響規(guī)律主要與水體對渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)頻作用大小和水體動水壓力兩種因素有關(guān)；隨著輸入地震波峰值加速度的增大，底部樁周附近土體塑性發(fā)展使得試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷膭偠鹊忍匦园l(fā)生變化，從而使得渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)時程曲線波形及其峰值大小表現(xiàn)出明顯差別。 (2)建立了擬動力試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷恼w有限元仿真計算模型，對擬動力試驗?zāi)Ｐ蜋M槽向地震響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了仿真計算，并與試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較，結(jié)果表明本文建立的擬動力試驗?zāi)Ｐ驼w有限元仿真計算模型能夠估算擬動力試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷臋M槽向地震響應(yīng)，并能夠較好地反映槽內(nèi)水體對試驗?zāi)Ｐ蜋M槽向地震響應(yīng)的影響。同時，本文另外建立了兩種試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷恼w有限元計算模型，分別對擬動力模型試驗中所沒有考慮的土層運(yùn)動和土體的計算范圍取值大小對渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)的影響進(jìn)行研究，結(jié)果表明：采用擬動力試驗方法能夠較好地得到渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律，獲得的渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)峰值誤差比較小。 (3)建立了擬動力試驗?zāi)Ｐ秃喕邢拊抡嬗嬎隳Ｐ�，對渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了仿真計算，并與試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比較，結(jié)果表明本文建立的簡化有限元仿真計算模型能夠近似地估算試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷臋M槽向地震響應(yīng)，并能夠較好地反映槽內(nèi)水體對試驗?zāi)Ｐ蜋M槽向地震響應(yīng)的影響。同時，通過對簡化有限元仿真計算模型地震自由場輸入和地震慣性力輸入計算結(jié)果的比較可知：兩者的橫槽向地震響應(yīng)峰值大小有一些差別，但仍能夠較好地反映試驗?zāi)Ｐ蜋M槽向地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律。另外，通過對簡化有限元仿真計算模型地震自由場輸入計算結(jié)果與擬動力試驗?zāi)Ｐ驼w有限元模型三計算結(jié)果的比較可知：兩者得到的渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)在波形、峰值大小及其頻譜特性上有一定差別，但兩者反映的渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律是一致的。 (4)以Housner彈簧-質(zhì)量簡化模型及土-樁非線性動力Winkler地基梁簡化模型為基礎(chǔ)，建立了一種可以同時考慮流-固耦合動力相互作用與土-樁非線性動力相互作用的渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向抗震簡化計算模型，對擬動力試驗?zāi)Ｐ蜋M槽向地震響應(yīng)進(jìn)行了仿真計算，結(jié)果表明該模型能夠近似地估算試驗?zāi)Ｐ偷臋M槽向地震響應(yīng)，并能夠較好地反映槽內(nèi)水體對試驗?zāi)Ｐ蜋M槽向地震響應(yīng)的影響。同時，通過對自由場輸入和地震慣性力輸入計算結(jié)果的比較可知：兩者的橫槽向地震響應(yīng)峰值大小有一些差別，，但仍能夠較好地反映試驗?zāi)Ｐ蜋M槽向地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律。另外，通過對該模型與整體有限元模型三計算結(jié)果的比較可知：兩者得到的渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)在波形、峰值大小及其頻譜特性上有一定差別，但兩者反映的渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律是一致的。 (5)在假定槽墩截面和其他參數(shù)基本不變條件下，應(yīng)用本文建立的渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)整體有限元計算模型、渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)簡化有限元計算模型和渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向抗震簡化計算模型三種計算模型，開展了槽墩高度對矩形渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向動力特性及橫槽向地震響應(yīng)影響規(guī)律的計算分析研究。結(jié)果表明：隨著槽墩高度的增加，渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)橫槽向振動基頻呈現(xiàn)明顯減小趨勢，渡槽結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)鍵部位的動力響應(yīng)峰值等也存在遞減趨勢。 最后，討論了今后將進(jìn)一步深入研究的問題。
[Abstract]:At the end of twentieth Century, the construction of inter basin water transfer project has become an important means to solve China's uneven distribution of water resources problem, is of great significance to the development of our national economy. As China's water diversion project construction, large flow, large span aqueduct structure emerge. Seismic problem of large aqueduct structures has become a hot research topic in seismic field engineering.
The research on the seismic calculation method of large aqueduct structure is of great significance. It not only meets the needs of seismic design of large aqueduct structure in the south to North Water Diversion Project, but also provides reference for establishing the theory and method of aqueduct structure's aseismic design.
In this paper, the response law of transverse groove to aqueduct structure, aqueduct structure transverse groove seismic calculation model, the influence of pier height on transverse groove dynamic characteristics and transverse groove seismic response of aqueduct structure are studied.
(1) to carry out the multi degree of freedom structure principle of aqueduct structure of pseudo dynamic model test. The aqueduct structure pseudo dynamic model test of soil - pile - aqueduct structure water interaction system of the cross slot to seismic response are studied. The experiment results show that the peak acceleration of input seismic waves at the same the transverse groove of aqueduct structure under different seismic waves under test to the seismic response of different peak; tank water and aqueduct fluid solid coupling interaction may decrease also may increase the aqueduct transverse trough to peak seismic response, the effect of the main water to aqueduct structure and hydrodynamic size and frequency modulation effect the pressure of two factors; with the increase of the peak acceleration of input seismic wave, the bottom of the pile near the soil plastic development makes the stiffness characteristics of the test model change, thus The transverse trough of the aqueduct structure shows obvious difference to the waveform of the seismic response time curve and its peak value.
(2) calculation model of finite element simulation of pseudo dynamic test model, the pseudo dynamic test model of cross slot to seismic response is simulated, and the results are compared with the test results, the results show that the pseudo dynamic test model finite element simulation model to estimate the earthquake response of transverse trough pseudo dynamic test the model, which can reflect the influence of the water tank test model of cross slot to seismic response. At the same time, this paper also established the finite element model of two kinds of test model are studied respectively, the influence on the calculation does not consider the scope of the proposed dynamic model tests of soil and soil movement the value of aqueduct transverse groove to the seismic response results show that the pseudo dynamic test method can effectively get the aqueduct cross slot to obtain the seismic response of aqueduct, node The peak error of seismic response to seismic response is relatively small.
(3) the establishment of the pseudo dynamic test model simplified finite element model, the calculation of the aqueduct structure transverse groove to the seismic response is simulated, and the results are compared with the test results, the results show that the simplified finite element simulation this paper established the calculation model is used to test cross slot experimental model to the earthquake response approximation, and can reflect on the water tank test model of cross slot to seismic response. At the same time, based on the simplified finite element simulation model of earthquake free field input and input seismic inertia force comparison results: transverse groove both to the seismic response of some of the difference in peak size, but still be able to reflect the test cross model in response to the earthquake of groove. In addition, the calculation model of seismic free field of simplified finite element simulation input calculation results and pseudo dynamic test model of finite element model of the whole three computing nodes The comparison of the results shows that there is a certain difference in the wave shape, the peak value and the spectral characteristics of the aqueduct transverse slot to the seismic response obtained from both of them, but both of them reflect the law of the transverse groove to the seismic response of the aqueduct structure.
(4) Housner mass spring simplified model and nonlinear soil pile dynamic Winkler foundation beam model as the foundation, established a considering aqueduct transverse groove fluid solid coupling dynamic interaction and nonlinear soil pile dynamic interaction to seismic simplified calculation model, the pseudo dynamic test model of cross groove to the seismic response were simulated. The results show that the model can approximate horizontal trough test model to estimate the seismic response, and can reflect the influence of the water tank test model of cross slot to seismic response. At the same time, by comparing the input of the free field input and seismic inertial force calculation results: cross the seismic response to the trough there are some differences between the magnitude of the peak, but still be able to reflect the test model to the earthquake response of transverse slot. In addition, based on the model and finite element model of the whole calculation three The comparison of the results shows that there is a certain difference in the wave shape, the peak value and the frequency spectrum characteristics of the transverse groove to the seismic response of the aqueducts, but both of them reflect the seismic response law of the aqueduct structure transverse groove.
(5) under the assumption that the pier section and other parameters unchanged under the condition of finite element, the overall application of aqueduct structure calculation model of aqueduct structure simplified finite element model and the aqueduct cross slot to seismic simplified calculation model of three models, the pier height of the rectangular aqueduct transverse groove to dynamic characteristics and cross slot to seismic response research. Influence analysis law the results show that: with the increase of the height of the pier, the aqueduct structure transverse groove to the fundamental vibration frequency showed a decreasing trend, the key parts of the aqueduct structure dynamic response peak value also showed a decreasing trend.
Finally, the problems that will be further studied in the future are discussed.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV672.3

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