本文選題：體型優(yōu)化　切入點(diǎn)：消能　出處：《西安理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：泄水建筑物的體型研究和消能設(shè)施的合理選擇是關(guān)系到水利樞紐工程安全與經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要問題。本文的研究結(jié)合布隆巖水電站泄水建筑物水力設(shè)計(jì),采用物理模型試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算相結(jié)合的研究方法來探討分析溢洪洞體型優(yōu)化與消力池消能機(jī)理。通過對(duì)原方案物理模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行研究分析,嘗試采用物理模型試驗(yàn)的方法對(duì)溢洪洞進(jìn)口段體型和摻氣設(shè)施體型進(jìn)行研究?jī)?yōu)化,采用數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算的方法對(duì)消力池體型進(jìn)行研究?jī)?yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。在泄水建筑物整體體型進(jìn)行修改優(yōu)化后,對(duì)其不同來流量條件下的水力特性進(jìn)行了整體物理模型試驗(yàn)研究,表明體型優(yōu)化后的泄水建筑物達(dá)到了預(yù)期效果。主要結(jié)論有:(1)根據(jù)原方案物理模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,采用物理模型試驗(yàn)的方法對(duì)溢洪洞進(jìn)口段體型和摻氣減蝕設(shè)施體型進(jìn)行研究?jī)?yōu)化,改善了溢洪洞泄流能力及水流流態(tài),避免了溢洪洞發(fā)生空化空蝕破壞。(2)將相同工況條件下的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算結(jié)果與物理模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算的流態(tài)、水面線、流速、壓強(qiáng)等水力特性沿程分布規(guī)律與物理模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合良好,可將其進(jìn)一步應(yīng)用于消力池體型的優(yōu)化研究。(3)原方案消力池未形成完整水躍,消力池沒有能夠利用底流消能機(jī)理通過水躍消除不利動(dòng)能。采用數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算的方法對(duì)消力池體型進(jìn)行研究?jī)?yōu)化,選定消力池底板降低+側(cè)摻氣挑坎方案作為消力池體型優(yōu)化推薦方案,并對(duì)推薦方案消力池體型與原方案消力池體型進(jìn)行相同工況條件下的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算研究,對(duì)比其水力特性的變化規(guī)律驗(yàn)證推薦方案的優(yōu)越性。(4)對(duì)推薦方案消力池體型進(jìn)行不同來流量條件下的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算研究,對(duì)比分析消力池內(nèi)其流態(tài)、流速、壓強(qiáng)、紊動(dòng)能及耗散率等水力特性的變化分布規(guī)律表明推薦方案消力池體型在不同來流量條件下均能取得理想消能效果具有較好適用性。(5)對(duì)體型優(yōu)化后的整體泄水建筑物進(jìn)行不同工況條件下的物理模型試驗(yàn)研究。將不同來流條件下溢洪洞段、消力池段及下游出口河道段的流態(tài)、水面線、壓強(qiáng)、摻氣要素等進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,表明體型優(yōu)化后的泄水建筑物取得了理想成果。
[Abstract]:The research on the shape of the drainage structure and the reasonable selection of the energy dissipation facilities are important problems related to the safety and economy of the water conservancy project. The research in this paper is combined with the hydraulic design of the drainage structure of the Bulongyan Hydropower Station. The physical model test and numerical simulation are used to study the optimization of the shape of spillway tunnel and the energy dissipation mechanism of the dissipating pool. The results of the physical model test of the original scheme are studied and analyzed. The physical model test method is used to study and optimize the shape of inlet section and aeration facility of overflow tunnel. The optimum design of the stilling pool was studied by numerical simulation. After the overall shape of the drain structure was modified and optimized, the hydraulic characteristics under different discharge conditions were studied by the physical model test. The results show that the optimized drainage structure has achieved the expected effect. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) according to the physical model test results of the original scheme, the physical model test method is used to study and optimize the shape of the inlet section of the overflow tunnel and the aerated corrosion abatement facility. The discharge capacity and water flow state of the spillway are improved, and cavitation erosion damage occurs in the overflow tunnel is avoided. (2) the numerical simulation results under the same working conditions are compared with the physical model test results, and the flow pattern of the numerical simulation calculation is found. The distribution law of hydraulic characteristics such as water surface line, velocity and pressure agrees well with the results of physical model test. It can be further applied to the optimization study of the shape of stilling pool. (3) the original scheme of stilling pool has not formed a complete hydraulic jump. The stilling pool has not been able to eliminate the unfavorable kinetic energy by hydraulic jump by using the energy dissipation mechanism of the bottom flow. The shape of the stilling pool is studied and optimized by the numerical simulation method. In this paper, the scheme of reducing side aeration ridges on the bottom plate of stilling pool is selected as the optimal recommended scheme for the shape of stilling pool, and the numerical simulation calculation of the configuration of the stilling pool under the same working conditions is carried out. Comparing with the variation law of hydraulic characteristics, the superiority of the recommended scheme is verified. (4) the numerical simulation calculation of the recommended scheme stilling pool under different flow conditions is carried out, and the flow pattern, velocity and pressure in the stilling pool are compared and analyzed. The variation and distribution of hydraulic characteristics such as turbulent energy and dissipation rate show that the recommended scheme can achieve ideal energy dissipation effect under different discharge conditions. The physical model tests were carried out under different working conditions. The flow pattern, water surface line, pressure and aeration elements of the stilling pool section and the downstream outlet channel are compared and analyzed. The results show that the optimized drainage structure has achieved ideal results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TV135.2;TV65

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本文編號(hào)：1635948