本文選題：赤泥　切入點(diǎn)：膠結(jié)硬化　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：赤泥是鋁土礦經(jīng)各種物理化學(xué)處理,制取氧化鋁后所剩余的一種黃色或褐色粉泥狀、高含水量的強(qiáng)堿性固體廢料。由于赤泥的強(qiáng)堿性,使其重復(fù)利用受到限制,露天筑壩堆存是我國現(xiàn)處理赤泥的主要措施。隨著制鋁工業(yè)的大發(fā)展,赤泥量不斷增加,現(xiàn)有的赤泥庫庫容已經(jīng)達(dá)到飽和,修建新的赤泥庫又受到各種限制,就需要利用現(xiàn)有壩體繼續(xù)向上堆存新產(chǎn)赤泥。這就需要我們研究新堆載赤泥在堆存過程中的物理化學(xué)特性、力學(xué)特性和水力學(xué)特性的變化規(guī)律,為利用現(xiàn)有赤泥堆場繼續(xù)安全向上堆存提供一定的理論依據(jù)。論文在貴州省教育廳《赤泥堆載固結(jié)特性理論及試驗(yàn)研究》黔科教(2011)007號項(xiàng)目的支持下,選用中國鋁業(yè)貴州分公司生產(chǎn)的燒結(jié)法赤泥和拜耳法赤泥按照配合比1:1混合的混合赤泥為試驗(yàn)試樣,對混合赤泥進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)常規(guī)試驗(yàn)及微觀分析試驗(yàn),以確定混合赤泥在堆存過程中其物理力學(xué)特性、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)組成及水力學(xué)特性的變化規(guī)律,并以此為基礎(chǔ),提出了混合赤泥結(jié)構(gòu)性定量化參數(shù)mc的計(jì)算公式,修正了鄧肯-張模型,完成了在不同降雨工況下、不同堆存高度混合赤泥堆體的穩(wěn)定性分析。論文針對貴州鋁廠赤泥堆存特點(diǎn),對以下內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了研究:(1)在充分了解貴州鋁廠堆存歷史和堆場水文地質(zhì)條件的基礎(chǔ)上,選取了符合試驗(yàn)?zāi)康�、具有代表性的燒結(jié)法赤泥、拜耳法赤泥和兩者按照配合比1:1混合的干法堆存的混合赤泥。并通過無側(cè)限抗壓強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)和三軸剪切試驗(yàn)(CD)測定了干法混合赤泥在自然風(fēng)干、浸水浸泡、非飽和-飽和干濕循環(huán)三種工況條件下隨著堆存齡期的增長,其抗壓強(qiáng)度和抗剪強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)的變化規(guī)律。為了突出混合赤泥的工程特性的特殊性,同時(shí)研究了拜耳法赤泥和燒結(jié)法赤泥的強(qiáng)度特性。(2)通過X射線熒光光譜分析(XRF)、X射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)等微觀測試手段分析了自然風(fēng)干混合赤泥試樣在5個(gè)齡期化學(xué)成分、礦物組成和微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的變化情況,揭示了混合赤泥膠結(jié)強(qiáng)度形成的微觀機(jī)理。同時(shí)在分析了混合赤泥膠結(jié)強(qiáng)度形成的物理化學(xué)反應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對混合赤泥浸泡不同類型、不同濃度的酸溶液,研究了碳酸鈣礦物質(zhì)對混合赤泥膠結(jié)強(qiáng)度形成的作用機(jī)理。(3)利用非飽和土瞬態(tài)水力特性循環(huán)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)研究了燒結(jié)法赤泥、拜耳法赤泥和混合赤泥的水力學(xué)特性,得到了三者的土-水特征曲線(SWCC)和水力傳導(dǎo)率特性曲線(HCFC),并從微觀角度分析了三種赤泥不同滯后效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的微觀機(jī)理,為研究赤泥堆體在降雨條件下的穩(wěn)定性提供一定依據(jù)。(4)在通過三軸剪切試驗(yàn)得到混合赤泥不同工況、不同齡期應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了非飽和混合赤泥的結(jié)構(gòu)性參數(shù)mc,建立了適用于非飽和混合赤泥含結(jié)構(gòu)性參數(shù)的鄧肯-張修正模型,得到了鄧肯-張模型基本參數(shù)Kc、nc、cc、φc與齡期t的擬合關(guān)系式,建立了切線彈性模量Ect與齡期t的關(guān)系表達(dá)式,并通過反算驗(yàn)證了結(jié)構(gòu)性本構(gòu)關(guān)系的正確性。(5)利用加拿大GEO-SLOPE公司開發(fā)的Geo Studio系列有限元軟件SLOPE/W、SEEP/W和SIGMA/W三個(gè)模塊對不同降雨條件下、不同堆存高度的混合赤泥堆體的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行了耦合分析,對赤泥堆體在三種不同降雨工況下,堆體高程分別為1380 m、1390 m時(shí)的安全系數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。
[Abstract]:The red mud is bauxite by various physical and chemical treatment, a yellow or brown powder mud remaining after the preparation of alumina, alkaline solid waste with high moisture content. Due to the strong alkaline red mud, the repeated use of limited open storage is the main dam measures in China now deal with red mud. With the great development of aluminum industry, the increasing amount of red mud, the red mud storage capacity has already reached saturation point, to build a new library of red mud is limited, you need to use the existing dam to the new production of red mud stockpiling. This requires us to study new physical and chemical properties of red mud pile load in the course of storing mechanical properties and changes. Hydraulic characteristics, to use the existing red mud yard is safe to continue to provide a theoretical basis to storage. The Education Department of Guizhou province "red mud load consolidation characteristics of the theoretical and Experimental Research on Guizhou science and Education (2011) > 0 No. 07 project supported by the China sintering red mud aluminum Guizhou branch production and in accordance with the proportion of Bayer red mud mixed red mud mixed 1:1 as test samples of mixed red mud were normal indoor tests and microscopic test, to determine the mixed red mud in the course of storing the physical and mechanical properties, microstructure changes the composition and hydraulic characteristics, and on this basis, puts forward the calculation formula of mixed red mud structural quantitative parameters of MC, modified Duncan Chang model, completed in different rainfall conditions, stability analysis of different storage height mixed red mud pile. According to the Guizhou red mud storage characteristics, studies the following contents: (1) based on the full understanding of history and Guizhou aluminum storage yard on the hydrogeological conditions, selected in line with the test purpose, sintering of red mud by the representative, thanks Method of red mud and two according to the proportion of mixed dry red mud piling 1:1 mixture. And the unconfined compressive strength test and the three axle shear test (CD) in dry mixed red mud dry naturally, the determination of water soaked and saturated unsaturated cyclic wetting and drying under the three working conditions with the stockpiling of age, the compressive strength and shear strength index changes. In order to highlight the special engineering properties of red mud mixing, and strength properties of Bayer red mud and red mud in sintering process was studied. (2) by X ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) etc. microscopic test method of natural air dry mixed red mud samples in 5 age changes in chemical composition, mineral composition and microstructure, microscopic mechanism of formation of mixed red mud cementation strength was revealed. At the same time in the analysis of mixed red mud cementation strength Based on the formation of physical and chemical reactions, the mixed red mud soaked in different types, different concentration of acid solution, the mechanism of calcium carbonate minerals on bonding strength of red mud mixed formation was studied. (3) the unsaturated soil hydraulic characteristics of transient cycle test system of sintering red mud utilization, hydraulic characteristics of Bayer red mud and mixed red mud, got three of the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) and hydraulic conductivity curve (HCFC), and analyze the microcosmic mechanism of three kinds of red mud of different lag effect, provides the basis for the stability of pile body under rainfall condition of red mud (4) in the mixed. The red mud in different conditions obtained by the three axle shear test, different age of stress - strain curve, puts forward the structural parameters of MC unsaturated mixed red mud, built for unsaturated mixed red mud containing structural The parameters of Duncan Chang model, the basic parameters of Duncan Chang model Kc, NC, CC, C and the relation between the age of T, the relationship between the expression of tangent elastic modulus Ect and the age of T is established, and through calculation to verify the correctness of the structural constitutive relation (5). The Canada SLOPE/W Geo Studio series of finite element software development company GEO-SLOPE, SEEP/W and SIGMA/W three modules for different rainfall conditions, the height of the storage stability of different mixed red mud pile of body coupling analysis in three different rainfall conditions of red mud pile, the pile height was 1380 m, security the coefficient of 1390 m was calculated.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TV649;TV223

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